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Sökning: WFRF:(Andrade José Luís) > (2021)

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1.
  • Poorter, Lourens, et al. (författare)
  • Functional recovery of secondary tropical forests
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS). - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 118:49, s. e2003405118-e2003405118
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • One-third of all Neotropical forests are secondary forests that regrow naturally after agricultural use through secondary succession. We need to understand better how and why succession varies across environmental gradients and broad geographic scales. Here, we analyze functional recovery using community data on seven plant characteristics (traits) of 1,016 forest plots from 30 chronosequence sites across the Neotropics. By analyzing communities in terms of their traits, we enhance understanding of the mechanisms of succession, assess ecosystem recovery, and use these insights to propose successful forest restoration strategies. Wet and dry forests diverged markedly for several traits that increase growth rate in wet forests but come at the expense of reduced drought tolerance, delay, or avoidance, which is important in seasonally dry forests. Dry and wet forests showed different successional pathways for several traits. In dry forests, species turnover is driven by drought tolerance traits that are important early in succession and in wet forests by shade tolerance traits that are important later in succession. In both forests, deciduous and compound-leaved trees decreased with forest age, probably because microclimatic conditions became less hot and dry. Our results suggest that climatic water availability drives functional recovery by influencing the start and trajectory of succession, resulting in a convergence of community trait values with forest age when vegetation cover builds up. Within plots, the range in functional trait values increased with age. Based on the observed successional trait changes, we indicate the consequences for carbon and nutrient cycling and propose an ecologically sound strategy to improve forest restoration success.
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2.
  • Acosta, Martha N., et al. (författare)
  • Assessment of Daily Cost of Reactive Power Procurement by Smart Inverters
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Energies. - : Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute. - 1996-1073. ; 14:16
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The reactive power control mechanisms at the smart inverters will affect the voltage profile, active power losses and the cost of reactive power procurement in a different way. Therefore, this paper presents an assessment of the cost–benefit relationship obtained by enabling nine different reactive power control mechanisms at the smart inverters. The first eight reactive power control mechanisms are available in the literature and include the IEEE 1547−2018 standard requirements. The ninth control mechanism is an optimum reactive power control proposed in this paper. It is formulated to minimise the active power losses of the network and ensure the bus voltages and the reactive power of the smart inverter are within their allowable limits. The Vestfold and Telemark distribution network was implemented in DIgSILENT PowerFactory and used to evaluate the reactive power control mechanisms. The reactive power prices were taken from the default payment rate document of the National Grid. Simulation results demonstrate that the optimal reactive power control mechanism provides the best cost–benefit for the daily steady-state operation of the network.
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