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- Eriksson, S, et al.
(author)
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Complex formation of myrosinase isoenzymes in Brassica napus seeds are dependent on the presence of myrosinase binding proteins
- 2002
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In: Plant Physiology. - 1532-2548. ; 129:4, s. 1592-1599
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The enzyme myrosinase (EC 3.2.3.1) degrades the secondary compounds glucosinolates upon wounding and serves as a defense to generalist pests in Capparales. Certain myrosinases are present in complexes together with other proteins such as myrosinase-binding proteins (MBP) in extracts of oilseed rape (Brassica napus) seeds. Immunhistochemical analysis of wild-type seeds showed that MBPs were present in most cells but not in the myrosin cells, indicating that the complex formation observed in extracts is initiated upon tissue disruption. To study the role of MBP in complex formation and defense, oilseed rape antisense plants lacking the seed MBPs were produced. Western blotting and immunohistochemical staining confirmed depletion of MBP in the transgenic seeds. The exclusive expression of myrosinase in idioblasts (myrosin cells) of the seed was not affected by the down-regulation of MBP. Using size-exclusion chromatography, we have shown that myrosinases with subunit molecular masses of 62 to 70 kD were present as free dimers from the antisense seed extract, whereas in the wild type, they formed complexes. In accordance with this, MBPs are necessary for myrosinase complex formation of the 62- to 70-kD myrosinases. The product formed from sinalbin hydrolysis by myrosinase was the same whether MBP was present or not. The performance of a common beetle generalist (Tenebrio molitor) fed with seeds, herbivory by flea beetles (Phyllotreta undulata) on cotyledons, or growth rate of the Brassica fungal pathogens Alternaria brassicae or Lepthosphaeria maculans in the presence of seed extracts were not affected by the down-regulation of MBP, leaving the physiological function of this protein family open.
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- Feng, c, et al.
(author)
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Arabidopsis MYB68 in development and responses to environmental cues. Plant Science 167
- 2004
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In: Plant Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-9452. ; 167:5, s. 1099-1107
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Arabidopsis MYB68 gene encodes a MYB family protein with N-terminal R2R3 DNA-binding domains. Analyses of MYB68 expression by RNA blot and a transposant gene-trap MYB68::GUS reporter indicated that MYB68 is expressed specifically in root pericycle cells. Root cultures of the myb68 mutant, caused by the gene trap insertion in the first MYB68 exon, produced increased biomass and lignin levels compared to wild type. Under high temperature regimes, MYB68::GUS activity was elevated in roots, while vegetative growth of myb68 mutants was reduced compared to wild type. These data suggest that MYB68 is involved in some step(s) in root development. The closest MYB68 homolog, MYB84, exhibited an overlapping expression pattern in pericycle cells, suggesting that their functions may be partly redundant.
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- Hirsch, Jan-Mikael, et al.
(author)
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A clinical evaluation of the Zygoma fixture: one year of follow-up at 16 clinics.
- 2004
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In: Journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery : official journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. - : Elsevier BV. - 0278-2391 .- 1531-5053. ; 62:9 Suppl 2, s. 22-9
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- PURPOSE: To evaluate treatment outcome with Zygoma fixtures (Nobel Biocare, Göteborg, Sweden) with regard to fixture survival, patient satisfaction, and function of prosthesis replacement. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The treatment outcome of 76 patients treated with 145 Zygoma fixtures at 16 centers was evaluated. Patient's and dentist's evaluations of the functional and aesthetic outcome of the treatment were assessed at delivery of prosthesis and at the 1-year follow-up visit. At the 1-year follow-up visit, the status of the peri-implant mucosa around the abutments and the amount of plaque were registered. RESULTS: Sixty-six of the 76 patients, with 124 Zygoma fixtures supporting the prosthetic restorations, were evaluated at the 1-year follow-up. The overall survival rate for the Zygoma fixtures was 97.9% after 1-year of follow-up. Eighty percent of the patients were fully satisfied with both aesthetic and functional outcome at the time of prosthetic insertion and at the 1-year follow-up. All reported data from the dentists, with the exception of one restoration with several abutment screw loosenings, scored from acceptable to excellent for the aesthetic and functional outcome of the treatment. The status of peri-implant mucosa was recorded as normal in approximately 60% of the sites. Plaque, when present, was more often detected on the palatal surfaces compared with the buccal surfaces. CONCLUSION: This 1-year follow-up of Zygoma fixtures has shown good results with an acceptable number of minor complications and a majority of satisfied patients.
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- Magnusson Petzell, Erik, 1977-, et al.
(author)
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Har/hade-bortfall i svenskan
- 2002
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In: Svenskans beskrivning 26. - Uppsala : Hallgren & Fallgren. ; , s. 67-74
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)
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- Mikkelsen, MD, et al.
(author)
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Modulation of CYP79 genes and glucosinolate profiles in Arabidopsis by defense signaling pathways.
- 2003
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In: Plant Physiology. - 1532-2548. ; 131:1, s. 298-308
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Glucosinolates are natural plant products that function in the defense toward herbivores and pathogens. Plant defense is regulated by multiple signal transduction pathways in which salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid, and ethylene function as signaling molecules. Glucosinolate content was analyzed in Arabidopsis wild-type plants in response to single or combinatorial treatments with methyljasmonate (MeJA), 2,6-dichloro-isonicotinic acid, ethylene, and 2,4-dichloro-phenoxyacetic acid, or by wounding. In addition, several signal transduction mutants and the SA-depleted transgenic NahG line were analyzed. In parallel, expression of glucosinolate biosynthetic genes of the CYP79 gene family and the UDPG:thiohydroximate glucosyltransferase was monitored. After MeJA treatment, the amount of indole glucosinolates increased 3- to 4-fold, and the corresponding Trp-metabolizing genes CYP79B2 and CYP79B3 were both highly induced. Specifically, the indole glucosinolate N-methoxy-indol-3-ylmethylglucosinolate accumulated 10-fold in response to MeJA treatment, whereas 4-methoxy-indol-3-ylmethylglucosinolate accumulated 1.5-fold in response to 2,6-dichloro-isonicotinic acid. In general, few changes were seen for the levels of aliphatic glucosinolates, although increases in the levels of 8-methylthiooctyl glucosinolate and 8-methylsulfinyloctyl glucosinolate were observed, particularly after MeJA treatments. The findings were supported by the composition of glucosinolates in the coronatine-insensitive mutant coi1, the ctr1 mutant displaying constitutive triple response, and the SA-overproducing mpk4 and cpr1 mutants. The present data indicate that different indole glucosinolate methoxylating enzymes are induced by the jasmonate and the SA signal transduction pathways, whereas the aliphatic glucosinolates appear to be primarily genetically and not environmentally controlled. Thus, different defense pathways activate subsets of biosynthetic enzymes, leading to the accumulation of specific glucosinolates.
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