| 1. |
- Zabel, B A, et al.
(författare)
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Human G protein-coupled receptor GPR-9-6/CC chemokine receptor 9 is selectively expressed on intestinal homing T lymphocytes, mucosal lymphocytes, and thymocytes and is required for thymus-expressed chemokine-mediated chemotaxis
- 1999
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Ingår i: Journal of Experimental Medicine. - 1540-9538. ; 190:9, s. 1241-1256
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- TECK (thymus-expressed chemokine), a recently described CC chemokine expressed in thymus and small intestine, was found to mediate chemotaxis of human G protein-coupled receptor GPR-9-6/L1.2 transfectants. This activity was blocked by anti-GPR-9-6 monoclonal antibody (mAb) 3C3. GPR-9-6 is expressed on a subset of memory alpha4beta7(high) intestinal trafficking CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes. In addition, all intestinal lamina propria and intraepithelial lymphocytes express GPR-9-6. In contrast, GPR-9-6 is not displayed on cutaneous lymphocyte antigen-positive (CLA(+)) memory CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes, which traffic to skin inflammatory sites, or on other systemic alpha4beta7(-)CLA(-) memory CD4/CD8 lymphocytes. The majority of thymocytes also express GPR-9-6, but natural killer cells, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils, and neutrophils are GPR-9-6 negative. Transcripts of GPR-9-6 and TECK are present in both small intestine and thymus. Importantly, the expression profile of GPR-9-6 correlates with migration to TECK of blood T lymphocytes and thymocytes. As migration of these cells is blocked by anti-GPR-9-6 mAb 3C3, we conclude that GPR-9-6 is the principal chemokine receptor for TECK. In agreement with the nomenclature rules for chemokine receptors, we propose the designation CCR-9 for GPR-9-6. The selective expression of TECK and GPR-9-6 in thymus and small intestine implies a dual role for GPR-9-6/CCR-9, both in T cell development and the mucosal immune response.
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| 4. |
- Emami, Reza, et al.
(författare)
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A robust model-based fuzzy-logic controller for robot manipulators
- 1998
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Ingår i: 1998 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, Leuven, Belgium, 16-20 May 1998. - Piscataway, NJ : IEEE Communications Society. ; , s. 2500-2505
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper represents a fuzzy-logic control structure, containing the fuzzy-logic model of the dynamic system and fuzzy control rules that ensure the stability and robust performance. The robust fuzzy rules are designed based on a generalized formulation of sliding mode control for a class of nonlinear multi-input multi-output systems. The proposed fuzzy-logic control scheme was applied to the trajectory control of a four degree-of-freedom robot, and compared with the high-gain PID controllers. A superior tracking performance was achieved.
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| 5. |
- Emami, Reza, et al.
(författare)
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Development of a systematic methodology of fuzzy logic modeling
- 1998
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Ingår i: IEEE transactions on fuzzy systems. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 1063-6706 .- 1941-0034. ; 6:3, s. 346-361
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper proposs a systematic methodology of fuzzy logic modeling as a generic tool for modeling of complex systems. The methodology conveys three distinct features: 1) a unified parameterized reasoning formulation; 2) an improved fuzzy clustering algorithm; and 3) an efficient strategy of selecting significant system inputs and their membership functions. The reasoning mechanism introduces four parameters whose variation provides a continuous range of inference operation. As a result, we are no longer restricted to standard extremes in any step of reasoning. Unlike traditional approach of selecting the inference mechanism a priori, the fuzzy model itself can then adjust the reasoning process by optimizing the inference parameters based on input-output data. The fuzzy rules are generated through fuzzy c-means (FCM) clustering algorithm. Major bottle-necks of the algorithm are addressed and analytical solutions are suggested. Furthermore, we also address the classification process in fuzzy modelng to extend the derived fuzzy partition to the entire output space. This issue remains unattained in the current literature. In order to select suitable input variables among a finite number of candidates (unlike traditional approaches) we suggest a new strategy through which dominant input parameters are assigned in one step and no iteration process is required. Furthermore, a clustering technique called fuzzy line clustering is introduced to assign the input membership functions. In order to evaluate the proposed methodology, two examples - a nonlinear function and a gas furnace dynamic procedure - are investigated in detail. The significant improvement of the model is concluded compared to other fuzzy modeling approaches. © 1998 IEEE.
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| 6. |
- Emami, Reza, et al.
(författare)
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Fuzzy-logic dynamics modeling of robot manipulators
- 1998
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Ingår i: 1998 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, Leuven, Belgium, 16-20 May 1998. - Piscataway, NJ : IEEE Communications Society. ; , s. 2512-2517
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A systematic approach of fuzzy-logic modeling from the system input-output data is applied to modeling dynamics behavior of a four degree-of-freedom robot manipulator. The output of the fuzzy model is compared with the experimental data and with that of an analytical simulation. The simplicity of the fuzzy model and its improved accuracy is significant.
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| 7. |
- Frankel, Jeffrey A., et al.
(författare)
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Economic Structure and the Decision to Adopt a Common Currency
- 1996
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Everyone studying EMU cites the theory of Optimum Currency Areas: whether a country like Sweden should join the currency union depends on such parameters as the extent of Swedish trade with other EU members and the correlation of Sweden's income with that of other members. Few economists have focused on what we consider one of the most interesting aspects of this issue. Trade patters and income correlations are endogenous. Sweden could fail the OCA criterion for membership today, and yet, if it goes ahead and joins anyway, could, as the result of joining, pass the Optimum Currency Area (OCA) criterion in the future. (Further, even if Sweden does not enter EMU quickly, it will become more likely to satisfy the OCA criteria in the future as a result of its recent accession to the EU.) The few economists who have identified the importance of the endogeneity of trade patterns and income correlation are divided on the nature of the relationship between the two. This is an important empirical question, which may hold the key to the answer regarding whether it is in Sweden's interest to join the EMU. We review the OCA theory, highlighting the role of trade links and income links. Then we discuss and analyze the endogeneity of these parameters. We present econometric evidence suggesting strongly that if trade links between Sweden and the rest of Europe strengthen in the future, then Sweden's income will become more highly correlated with European income in the future (not less correlated, as some have claimed). This has important implications for the OCA criterion. It means that a naïve examination of historical data gives a biased picture of the effects of EMU entry on Sweden. It also means that EMU membership is more likely to make sense for Sweden in the future than it does today.
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| 8. |
- Goldenberg, Andrew A., et al.
(författare)
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Kinematics and Dynamics of Robot Manipulators
- 1999. - 2
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Ingår i: Handbook of Industrial Robotics. - Hoboken : John Wiley & Sons Ltd. - 9780471177838 - 9780470172506 ; , s. 79-98
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 9. |
- Hansen, G, et al.
(författare)
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Retningslinjer for utredning og behandling av kronisk obstruktiv lungesykdom
- 1995
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Ingår i: Tidsskrift for Den Norske Lægeforening. - 0029-2001. ; 115:6, s. 710-713
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A group of chest physicians, general practitioners, clinical pharmacologist and pharmacists appointed by the Institute of Pharmacotherapy, University of Oslo has evaluated the present knowledge about treatment of chronic obstructive lung disease. The group discusses today's medical treatment of this rather numerous group of patients. It is stated that, to a high degree, the treatment of these patients lacks proper documentation, and that treatment needs to be tested out on an individual basis. The group proposes a flow chart for this purpose.
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| 10. |
- Melek, William W., et al.
(författare)
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Improved robust fuzzy clustering algorithm
- 1999
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Ingår i: 1999 IEEE International Fuzzy Systems Conference Proceedings, Seoul, South Korea, 22-25 August 1999. - Piscataway, NJ : IEEE Communications Society.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fuzzy c-means (FCM) and hard clustering algorithms are the most common tools for data partitioning. However, these clustering algorithms may fail completely in the presence of noise. In this paper, we introduce a robust noise rejection clustering algorithm based on a combination of techniques that treat the FCM weak points with a traditional noise rejection algorithm. Unlike the traditional FCM, the proposed algorithm is a powerful tool for partitioning the data in the presence of noise (outliers).
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