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- Kaput, J, et al.
(författare)
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The case for strategic international alliances to harness nutritional genomics for public and personal health
- 2005
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Ingår i: The British journal of nutrition. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 0007-1145 .- 1475-2662. ; 94:5, s. 623-632
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nutrigenomics is the study of how constituents of the diet interact with genes, and their products, to alter phenotype and, conversely, how genes and their products metabolise these constituents into nutrients, antinutrients, and bioactive compounds. Results from molecular and genetic epidemiological studies indicate that dietary unbalance can alter gene–nutrient interactions in ways that increase the risk of developing chronic disease. The interplay of human genetic variation and environmental factors will make identifying causative genes and nutrients a formidable, but not intractable, challenge. We provide specific recommendations for how to best meet this challenge and discuss the need for new methodologies and the use of comprehensive analyses of nutrient–genotype interactions involving large and diverse populations. The objective of the present paper is to stimulate discourse and collaboration among nutrigenomic researchers and stakeholders, a process that will lead to an increase in global health and wellness by reducing health disparities in developed and developing countries.
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| 3. |
- Wortman, J. R., et al.
(författare)
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The 2008 update of the Aspergillus nidulans genome annotation: A community effort
- 2009
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Ingår i: Fungal Genetics and Biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1096-0937 .- 1087-1845. ; 46, s. S2-S13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The identification and annotation of protein-coding genes is one of the primary goals of whole-genome sequencing projects, and the accuracy of predicting the primary protein products of gene expression is vital to the interpretation of the available data and the design of downstream functional applications. Nevertheless, the comprehensive annotation of eukaryotic genomes remains a considerable challenge. Many genomes submitted to public databases, including those of major model organisms, contain significant numbers of wrong and incomplete gene predictions. We present a community-based reannotation of the Aspergillus nidulans genome with the primary goal of increasing the number and quality of protein functional assignments through the careful review of experts in the field of fungal biology. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 4. |
- Archer, Trevor, 1949, et al.
(författare)
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affect, motivation, motor, addiction, impulsiveness, distress, exercise
- 2009
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Ingår i: Beyond Neuropsychiatric Diagnotics: Symptoms not Disorders. - Mountain Home, USA. : F.P. Graham Publishing: Mountain Home, USA. ; , s. 477-512
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Cognitive symptoms, considered in conjunction both with their regional brain and biomarkers as well as affective, attributional and neurodevelopmental components, demonstate ever-increasing complexity to facilate conceptualization yet, unavoidably, bedevil diagnosis in neuropsychiatry even before considerations of the enigmatic processes in memory, such as executive function and working memory, are draw into the myriads of equations that await remedial interpretations. Prefrontal and limbic regions of the brain are involved in a diversity of expressions of cognition, normal or dysfunctional, at synaptic, intracellular and molecular levels that mobilise a concatenation of signaling entities. Serotoninergic neurotransission at prefrontal regions directs cogntive-affective entities that mediate decision-making and goal-directed behaviour. Clinical, non-clinical and basic studies challenge attempts to consolidate the multitude of evidence in order to obtain therapeutic notions to alleviate the disordered status of the diagnosed and yet-to-be diagnosed individuals. Locus of control, a concept of some utility in health-seeking procedures, is examined in three self-reort studies from the perspective of a cognitive-emotional situation through observations of ordinary, ‘healthy’ young and middle-aged individuals, to assess the predictors of internal and external locus of control. A notion based on high level executive functioning in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in individuals characterised by internal locus of control is contrasted with a hypofunctional executive DLPFC, characterising individuals that express an external locus of control, is discussed.
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| 8. |
- Palomo, T, et al.
(författare)
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Affective Status in relation to Impulsive, Motor and Motivational Symptoms: Personality, Development and Physical Exercise
- 2009
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Ingår i: Beyond Neuropsychiatric Diagnotics: Symptoms not Disorders. - USA : Graham Publishing: Mountain Home, USA. ; , s. 291-320
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The contributions of impulsive and risk-taking behaviour in depressive and bipolar disorders, motivational and motor behaviours in anhedonic and substance addictive states, and the factors, particularly distress and trauma, underlying the development of neuropathology in affective status are described from clinical, epidemiological and laboratory perspectives. In order to distinguish one case factor for biopsychological substrates of health, an array of self-reported characteristics, e.g. positive or negative affect, stress or energy, optimism, etc, that may be predictive or counterpredictive for the propensity for physical exercise and activity were analysed using a linear regression in twelve different studies. Several individual characteristics were found to be markedly and significantly predictive of the exercise propensity, i.e. positive affect, energy, health-seeking behaviour and character, while optimism was of lesser, though significant, importance. Several individual characteristics were found to be significantly counterpredictive: expression of BDI- and HAD-depression, major sleep problems and lack/negligence of health-seeking behaviour. The consequences of physical activity and exercise for both affective well-being, cognitive mobility and neurogenesis is noted, particularly with regard to developmental assets for younger individuals. Affective disorders states may be studied through analyses of personal characteristics that unfold predispositions for symptoms-profiles and biomarkers derived from properties of dysfunction’, such as impulsiveness, temperament dimensions, anhedonia and ‘over-sensitivity’, whether interpersonal or to reward.
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| 9. |
- Palomo, T, et al.
(författare)
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Beyond Neuropsychiatric Diagnotics: Symptoms not Disorders
- 2009
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Ingår i: Beyond Neuropsychiatric Diagnotics: Symptoms not Disorders. - Mountain Home, USA : Graham Publishing: Mountain Home, USA.
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Beyond Neuropsychiatric Diagnosis: Symptoms Not Disorders” was fertilized, confined, nourished and delivered on the 17th October (2007) with a particular type of neurodevelopmental maturity on the 21st October 2007: in gestation, an elephant, in life-span, a butterfly, in retrospect, a minor paradigm. Here, the different symptom-profiles that partially characterise putatively-shared and/or differentiating aspects of the disease process were compared, ‘staged’, highlighted, described and examined from clinical, non-clinical and basic experimental perspectives. The primary ambition and expected scope of the Meeting was to overcome the rigidly-corseting carapace of existing diagnostic classifications of mental disorders to pave opportunities for overturning current prevailing notions, to some extent pre-empting the coming of the new Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, DSM-V. As the secondary and tertiary ambitions were unfolded and prevailed, structural/functional expressions of disease states, biomarkers, neurodevelopmental liabilities, genetic polymorphisms, neurotranscription factors, molecular cascades inherent to the electrochemical processes initiated by first, second and succeeding messengers were paraded in connection with schizophrenic, depressive, abuse, cognitive, personality, affective, impulsive and comorbid disorders. Thus, common neurocircuits underlying common symptoms in psychiatric disorders, psychoses, cognition-related symptoms, motor symptoms of neuropsychiatric symptoms, impulsiveness and anhedonia, and affect were described, discussed, and dissected, accompanied by the state-of-the-art barrage of methodological stringence and innovation, conceptual finesse and in excruciatingly provocative demonstrations of neurotechnological complexity. Gradually, the shifting images of labyrinthine diagnostic veniality were overcome by those adaptive beacons of symptom-profile veracity, analytic signs and biomarkers, gene-environment predispositions and precipitating agents – harbingers of disease, not at all credo quia absurdum - were unravelled.
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