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- Wickman, M, et al.
(författare)
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Reduced mite allergen levels in dwellings with mechanical exhaust and supply ventilation.
- 1994
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Ingår i: Clinical and Experimental Allergy. - : Blackwell Publishing. - 0954-7894 .- 1365-2222. ; 24:2, s. 109-114
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Seventy similar bungalows constructed between 1968 and 1970 in the same suburban area of Stockholm were investigated regarding the content of house dust mite allergen, absolute indoor humidity, type of ventilation and basement construction. Houses with mechanical exhaust and supply ventilation had an indoor humidity above 7 g/kg less often than houses without this type of ventilation (Odds ratio 0.1, 95% confidence interval 0.0-0.2). Furthermore, only five of the 24 houses with exhaust and supply ventilation contained mattress dust mite allergen concentrations exceeding the median value (98.5 ng/g) compared with 30 of 46 hours which did not have such ventilation (odds ratio = 0.1, C.I. 0.0-0.5). Houses with both natural ventilation and crawl space basement harboured significantly less mattress mite allergen than houses having the same type of ventilation, but with a concrete slab basement. In a cold temperature climate, type of building construction and ventilation seem to be important for the occurrence of house dust mite allergens in dwellings. Our results indicate that modern energy-efficient houses should be equipped with mechanical exhaust and supply ventilation to reduce indoor air humidity during the dry winter months and the risk of mite infestation.
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| 2. |
- Tolosa, A J G, et al.
(författare)
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Effekter av polybromerade difenyletrar på sötvattenlevande evertebrater
- 1993
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Polybromerade difenyletrar (PBDE) är en typ av persistenta, lipofila substanser som bl a ingår i flamskyddsmedel, jordbrukskemikalier och bensintillsatser. Stora mängder av dessa ämnen kommer så småningom ut i naturen men omfattningen och effekter är ännu föga kända. PBDE är huvudbeståndsdel i den tekniska blandningen Bromkal 70. För att testa kroniska effekter av PBDE på sötvattensevertebrater användes statiska vattensystem bestående av kärl med sediment som kontaminerats med Bromkal 70. I systemen hölls i olika försök individer av arterna Asellus aquaticus (gråsugga) och Gammarus pulex (märlkräfta). Studerade parametrar var överlevnad, reproduktionsframgång och subletala effekter. Dessutom undersöktes eventuella synergistiska effekter på kvicksilverupptag hos Chironomus riparius (fjädermygglarv). Försöken där reproduktion samt överlevnad av adulta och juvenila märlkräftor studerades (koncentration Bromkal 70: 10, 150, 500 och 1000 ppm våtvikt) visade inte på några statistiska skillnader mellan de olika exponeringarna. Stora svårigheter att tolka resultaten förelåg dock p g a flera metodiska problem samt stor dödlighet i kontrollen. I försöket där sedimentet kontaminerats både med Bromkal 70 (0,01, 1 och 100 ppm våtvikt) och radioaktivt kvicksilver framkom att storleken på upptaget av kvicksilver hos Chironomus var beroende av halten Bromkal 70 i sedimentet samt exponeringstiden.
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| 3. |
- Erlandsson, Soly I, et al.
(författare)
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Psychological dimensions in patients with disabling tinnitus and craniomandibular disorders.
- 1991
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Ingår i: British journal of audiology. - 0300-5364. ; 25:1, s. 15-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Forty-two patients with severe tinnitus and craniomandibular disorders (CMD) are presented from an audiological and psychological point of view. During a 2-week period, the patients rated their mood and their tinnitus. Based upon mood ratings, patients were grouped into three clusters (high, medium and low mood). The three groups differed in a number of respects, audiological as well as psychological. Patients in the low mood group experienced significantly more intense and severe tinnitus and more daily stress than patients in the high mood group. Ratings of irritation and concentration difficulties seemed to be mood related, and discriminated between patients in the low mood group and patients in the moderate and the high mood groups. Difference in hearing level between the left and the right ear was more pronounced in patients with low mood. There were, however, no significant differences between the groups in the stomatognathic variables. It is concluded that the above mentioned audiological and psychological observations should be considered as potentially important for satisfactory management of individual tinnitus patients. Further studies of the effects of optimally compensated hearing on depressed mood in patients with noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) and tinnitus are required.
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