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- Aylott, Michael, et al.
(författare)
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A Meeting of Social Science and Football : Measuring the Effects of Three Points for a Win
- 2007
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Ingår i: Sport in Society. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1743-0437 .- 1743-0445. ; 10:2, s. 205-222
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this essay, we examine the introduction of three points for a win in senior football, a reform that eventually became universally adopted. We have two objectives. First, we seek to answer the question of whether the effect of the new system has justified its proliferation. The second objective is to present a methodological discussion about how to measure this effect, which involves judgments that many would say are entirely subjective and which, at best, are hard to operationalize - a problem that is not unusual in social science. We measure the ’excitingness’ of football through constructing an index of two distinct features of any match. We then apply the index to our data by combining quantitative analysis with strategic case-selection. Our preliminary findings are that three points for a win does seem to boost football’s excitingness, but that the improvement takes four to five years to take full effect.
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| 3. |
- Allern, Elin Haugsgjerd, et al.
(författare)
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Overcoming the fear of commitment : Pre-electoral coalitions in Norway and Sweden
- 2009
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Ingår i: Acta Politica. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0001-6810 .- 1741-1416. ; 44, s. 259-285
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article, we examine the occurrence of pre-electoral coalitions (PECs). Recent research points to when and why they are likely to occur, but these explanations are pitched at aggregate level, and they are less satisfying when applied to our particular cases. Rather than institutional or party-system features, we concentrate on the parties themselves – a level of analysis that raises theoretical and methodological challenges, which we discuss. Empirically, we investigate two cases of PEC in 2005–2006. One involved three Norwegian left-of-centre parties, the other involved four Swedish right-of-centre parties; both marked major departures from established behavioural patterns. We suggest certain conditions that may be necessary for a PEC to be formed. In particular, we argue that ‘decisive’ parties must prioritize office at the moment of decision, and that this preference order may be induced by some sort of environmental or intra-party stimulus.
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| 5. |
- Allern, Elin Haugsgjerd, et al.
(författare)
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Social Democrats and trade unions in Scandinavia : The decline and persistence of institutional relationships
- 2007
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Ingår i: European Journal of Political Research. - : Wiley. - 0304-4130 .- 1475-6765. ; 46:5, s. 607-635
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article examines the institutional arrangements between Social Democratic parties and trade unions in Denmark, Norway and Sweden. First, the authors show how these relations have weakened at a varying pace. Party–union ties are now quite distant in Denmark, but remain relatively close in Norway and, especially, Sweden. Second, the authors explore this variation using a simple model of political exchange. The finding is that the intensity of the relationship is correlated with the resources that each side can derive from the other, which in turn reflects national differences. Yet it is also clear that the degree of change is related to the formative phase of the institutional arrangement itself: the weaker the ties were from the beginning, the more easily they unravel in response to environmental changes.
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| 8. |
- Aylott, Nicholas
(författare)
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Lessons Learned, Lessons Forgotten : The Swedish Referendum on EMU of September 20031
- 2005
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Ingår i: Government and Opposition. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 0017-257X .- 1477-7053. ; 40:4, s. 540-564
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sweden’s referendum on whether to join EMU produced an emphatic No. The murder of one of the Yes side’s leading representatives thus appeared not to have affected the result. Cleavages exposed in the referendum on EU membership nine years previously were even more apparent this time; yet No-voters were also to found across the political, regional and social spectrums. As well as describing the campaign and explaining the outcome, this article focuses on the campaign strategies adopted by parties and other actors. Lessons from previous campaigns had been learned by the opponents of EMU, but largely forgotten by its supporters.
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| 9. |
- Aylott, Nicholas
(författare)
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Lessons learned, lessons forgotten : The Swedish referendum on EMU of September 2003
- 2005
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Ingår i: Government and Opposition. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 0017-257X .- 1477-7053. ; 40:4, s. 540-564
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sweden's referendum on whether to join EMU produced an emphatic No. The murder of one of the Yes side's leading representatives thus appeared not to have affected the result. Cleavages exposed in the referendum on EU membership nine years previously were even more apparent this time; yet No-voters were also to found across the political, regional and social spectrums. As well as describing the campaign and explaining the outcome, this article focuses on the campaign strategies adopted by parties and other actors. Lessons from previous campaigns had been learned by the opponents of EMU, but largely forgotten by its supporters.
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| 10. |
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