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- Bååth, Erland, et al.
(författare)
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Degradation of macromolecules by micro-fungi isolated from different podzolic soil horizons
- 1980
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Ingår i: Canadian Journal of Botany. - 0008-4026. ; 58:4, s. 422-425
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The abilities of 60 species of soil microfungi to decompose protein, xylan. cellulose. and chitin were tested with an agar diffusion technique. Proteolytic capacity was shown by 51 species; 35 were xylanolytic, 31 were cellulolytic, and 23 were chitinolytic. The importance of the physiological capacities of soil fungi in determining the communities in different soil horizons is discussed.
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- Bååth, Erland, et al.
(författare)
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Fungal populations in podzolic soil experimentally acidified to simulate acid-rain
- 1984
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Ingår i: Microbial Ecology. - 1432-184X. ; 10:3, s. 197-203
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract in UndeterminedThe effect of experimental acidification on the soil microfungalcommunity was studied in the humus layer of a coniferous forest in northern Sweden. The study was made 4 years after the last application of sulfuric acid. Fungal species composition was altered by treatments of 100 and 150 kg sulfuric acid ha-1 each year for 6 years, yet no differences were found between the control treatment and an application of 50 kg ha-1. The abundance of Penicillium spinulosum and Oidiodendron cf. echinulatum II increased with increasing rates of acid application, whereas only small changes were found for other isolated fungal taxa. Soil respiration rate and fluorescein diacetate (FDA)-active fungal biomass were significantly different from the control treatment at all 3 levels of acidification.
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| 8. |
- Bååth, Erland, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of microbial-feeding animals on total soil activity and nitrogen dynamics - a soil microcosm experiment
- 1981
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Ingår i: Oikos. - 1600-0706. ; 37:3, s. 257-264
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract in UndeterminedThe long-term impact of microbial-feeding animals on microbial populations was studied in microcosms containing pine seedlings growing in a gamma sterilized humus-sand mixture. Organism communities of diverse complexity were introduced into the microcosms. The two main experimental series contained microorganisms only and microorganisms and microorganism-feeding nematodes, respectively. After 18 months the following analyses were made: soil chemical characteristics, weight and nitrogen content of the seedlings, soil respiration, abundance, biomass, and in some cases, species composition of the different soil organism populations. During the incubation, leaching of nitrogen from the microcosms was measured continuously. The rate of nitrogen leaching from the microcosms increased during the first 6 months. During the remaining 12 months the leaching stabilized at a low rate. Initially, the series with microbial-feeding nematodes had a lower rate of nitrogen loss through leaching compared to the series with only microorganisms added. Towards the end of the experiment the situation was reversed. The pine seedlings showed a very poor growth in all series with no significant differences between the treatments. In the microcosms, bacteria appeared to be the most important microorganism group; fungi, algae and yeasts were present in low amounts. The presence of bacterial feeding nematodes reduced the number of bacteria but did not reduce the soil respiration rate. A significant correlation was obtained between the numbers of nematodes and the respiration rate of the microcosms, which is interpreted as an increased bacterial production rate due to the presence of bacterial-feeding animals.
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- Bååth, Erland, et al.
(författare)
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Seasonal and spatial variation in fungal biomass in a forest soil
- 1982
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Ingår i: Soil Biology & Biochemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0038-0717. ; 14:4, s. 353-358
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract in UndeterminedSoil fungal biomass, determined by the fluorescein diacetate (FDA) method, was studied during a 3 yr period in three horizons in a mature and a clear-cut pine forest in Sweden with and without slash left on the ground. In the organic soil layer the amount of hyphae showed a similar seasonal periodicity at all three sites, and this periodicity was correlated to the soil moisture content. Such a periodicity was not found in the mineral soil. There were also annual differences in the amount of FDA-active hyphae which might be explained by different climatic conditions. The mean spatial variation in biomass content was 37.9% (coefficient of variation), which was almost as great as was the variation between different sampling dates. Only between 4 and 45% of the total variation in the fungal lengths could be explained by soil moisture and organic matter content.
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