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| 2. |
- Vasen, HFA, et al.
(författare)
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Decision analysis in the surgical treatment of patients with familial adenomatous polyposis: a Dutch-Scandinavian collaborative study including 659 patients
- 2001
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Ingår i: Gut. - : BMJ. - 0017-5749 .- 1468-3288. ; 49:2, s. 231-235
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The choice of colorectal surgery in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis lies between the morbidity of proctocolectomy and ileum-pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) and the mortality from rectal cancer after total colectomy and ileorectal anastomosis (IRA). The aims of the present study were: (1) to assess the risk of dying from rectal cancer after IRA, (2) to compare the life expectancy between patients with an IRA and those with an IPAA, and (3) to investigate whether regular endoscopic examination of the rectum leads to detection of cancer at an earlier stage.METHODSClinical and pathological data on 659 patients who underwent colectomy and ileorectal anastomosis were collected from four national polyposis registries—that is, in Denmark, Finland, Sweden, and the Netherlands. Data were analysed using survival analysis methods. Decision analysis was used to compare the life expectancy between patients with an IRA and those with an IPAA.RESULTSA total of 47 patients developed rectal cancer after IRA. The risk of dying from rectal cancer was 12.5% (95% confidence interval 7.1–17.9%) by age 65. Compared with IRA, IPAA would lead to an increase in life expectancy of 1.8 years. Seventy five per cent of patients with rectal cancer had a negative rectoscopy within 12 months before the diagnosis.CONCLUSIONIRA is associated with substantial mortality due to rectal cancer. Follow up examinations of the rectum does not have sufficient preventive effect on morbidity and mortality of rectal cancer.
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| 3. |
- Beaujean, A, et al.
(författare)
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Engineering direct fructose production in processed potato tubers by expressing a bifunctional alpha-amylase/glucose isomerase gene complex
- 2000
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Ingår i: Biotechnology and Bioengineering. - 0006-3592. ; 70:1, s. 9-16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Manipulation of starch biosynthesis/degradation and formation of novel molecules in storage organs of plants through genetic engineering is an attractive but technically challenging goal. We report here, for the first time, that starch was degraded and glucose and fructose were produced directly when crushed potato tubers expressing a starch degrading bifunctional gene were heated for 45 minutes at 65 degrees C. To achieve this, we have constructed a fusion gene encoding the thermostable enzymes: alpha-amylase (Bacillus stearothermophilus) and glucose isomerase (Thermus thermophilus). The chimeric gene was placed under the control of the granule-bound-starch synthase promoter. This enzymatic complex produced in transgenic tubers was only active at high temperature (65 degrees C). More than 100 independent transgenic potato plants were regenerated. Molecular analyses confirmed the stable integration of the chimeric gene into the potato genome. The biochemical analyses performed on young and old tubers after high-temperature treatment (65 degrees C) revealed an increase in the formation rate of fructose and glucose by a factor of 16.4 and 5. 7, respectively, in the transgenic tubers as compared to untransformed control tubers. No adverse discernible effect on plant development and metabolism including tuber formation and starch accumulation was observed in the transgenic plants before heat treatment. Our results demonstrate that it is possible to replace starch degradation using microbial enzymes via a system where the enzymes are produced directly in the plants, but active only at high temperature, thus offering novel and viable strategies for starch-processing industries.
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| 5. |
- Roos, Viktoria, et al.
(författare)
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Expression of double Vitreoscilla hemoglobin enhances growth and alters ribosome and tRNA levels in Escherichia coli
- 2002
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Ingår i: Biotechnology Progress. - : Wiley. - 1520-6033 .- 8756-7938. ; 18:3, s. 652-656
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In several organisms, expression of a gene encoding dimeric hemoglobin (VHb) from the obligate aerobic bacterium Vatreoscilla stercoraria has been shown to increase microaerobic cell growth and enhance oxygen-dependent cell metabolism. In an attempt to further improve these effects of VHb, a gene encoding two vhb genes connected by a short linker of six base pairs was constructed and expressed in Escherichia cola (double VHb). Escherichia cola cells expressing double VHb reached a cell density 19% higher than that of cells expressing native VHb. The protein production per cell remained constant since the increase in cell growth was accompanied by an increase in protein content by 16%. Investigation of ribosome and tRNA content revealed that cells expressing double VHb reached their maximal capacity of protein synthesis later during cultivation than cells expressing native VHb, and furthermore they reached considerably higher levels of ribosome and tRNA compared to that of the VHb-expressing cells.
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