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| 4. |
- Miller, T. C., et al.
(författare)
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Particle astrophysics in antarctica
- 1996
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Ingår i: International School of Cosmic Ray Astrophysics: 10th Course: Toward the Millennium in Astrophysics: Problems and Prospects 16-26 Jun 1996. Erice, Italy. ; , s. 157-166
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 5. |
- Andres, EC, et al.
(författare)
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The AMANDA neutrino telescope
- 1999
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Ingår i: NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 0920-5632. ; 77, s. 474-485
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- With an effective telescope area of order 10(4) m(2) for TeV neutrinos, a threshold near similar to 50 GeV and a pointing accuracy of 2.5 degrees per muon track, the AMANDA detector represents the first of a new generation of high energy neutrino telescop
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| 6. |
- ASKEBJER, P, et al.
(författare)
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AMANDA - STATUS-REPORT FROM THE 1993-94 CAMPAIGN AND OPTICAL-PROPERTIES OF THE SOUTH-POLE ICE
- 1995
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Ingår i: NUCLEAR PHYSICS B. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 0550-3213. ; , s. 287-292
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We report the first results of the AMANDA detector. During the antarctic summer 1993-94 four strings were deployed between 0.8 an 1 km depth, each equipped with 20 photomultiplier tubes (PMTs). A laser source was used to investigate the optical properties
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| 7. |
- Askebjer, P., et al.
(författare)
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On the age vs depth and optical clarity of deep ice at South Pole
- 1995
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Ingår i: Journal of Glaciology. - 0022-1430 .- 1727-5652. ; 41:139, s. 445-454
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The first four strings of phototubes for the AMANDA high-energy neutrino observatory are now frozen in place at a depth of 800 to 1000 m in ice at the South Pole. During the 1995-96 season an additional six strings will be deployed at greater depths. Provided absorption, scattering, and refraction of visible light are sufficiently small, the trajectory of a muon into which a neutrino converts can be determined by using the array of phototubes to measure the arrival times of \v{C}erenkov light emitted by the muon. To help in deciding on the depth for implantation of the six new strings, we discuss models of age vs depth for South Pole ice, we estimate mean free paths for scattering from bubbles and dust as a function of depth, and we assess distortion of light paths due to refraction at crystal boundaries and interfaces between air-hydrate inclusions and normal ice. We conclude that the depth interval 1600 to 1800 m will be suitably transparent for the next six AMANDA strings and, moreover, that the interval 1600 to 2100 m will be suitably transparent for a future 1-km 3 observatory except possibly in a region a few tens of meters thick at a depth corresponding to a peak in the dust concentration at 60 kyr BP.
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| 8. |
- ASKEBJER, P, et al.
(författare)
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ON THE AGE VS DEPTH AND OPTICAL CLARITY OF DEEP ICE AT THE SOUTH-POLE
- 1995
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY. - : INT GLACIOL SOC. - 0022-1430. ; 41:139, s. 445-454
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The first four strings of phototubes for the AMANDA high-energy neutrino observatory are now frozen in place at a depth of 800-1000 m in ice at the South Pole. During the 1995-96 season, as many as six more strings will be deployed at greater depths. Prov
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| 9. |
- Askebjer, P, et al.
(författare)
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Optical properties of deep ice at the South Pole: Absorption
- 1997
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Ingår i: APPLIED OPTICS. - : OPTICAL SOC AMER. - 0003-6935. ; 36:18, s. 4168-4180
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We discuss recent measurements of the wavelength-dependent absorption coefficients in deep South Pole ice. The method uses transit-time distributions of pulses from a variable-frequency laser sent between emitters and receivers embedded in the ice. At dep
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| 10. |
- ASKEBJER, P, et al.
(författare)
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OPTICAL-PROPERTIES OF THE SOUTH-POLE ICE AT DEPTHS BETWEEN 0.8 AND 1 KILOMETER
- 1995
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Ingår i: SCIENCE. - : AMER ASSOC ADVAN SCIENCE. - 0036-8075. ; 267:5201, s. 1147-1150
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The optical properties of the ice at the geographical South Pole have been investigated at depths between 0.8 and 1 kilometer. The absorption and scattering lengths of visible light (similar to 515 nanometers) have been measured in situ with the use of th
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