| 1. |
- Lövdén, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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The extent of stability and change in episodic and semantic memory in old age : Demographic predictors of level and change
- 2004
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Ingår i: The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences. - Washington, DC : Gerontological Society of America. - 1079-5014 .- 1758-5368. ; 59:3, s. 130-134
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Structural stability and change in semantic and episodic memory performance as well as interindividual differences in 5-year changes in these constructs are examined within a sample of older adults (age rangeT1 = 60–80; n = 361). Interindividual differences in change were limited but significant. Stability coefficients were higher for semantic memory (.95) than for episodic memory (.87). Changes in episodic and semantic memory performance were strongly associated (r =.68). Across time, variances and covariances increased, and a tendency toward dedifferentiation in terms of increasing correlations was found. Chronological age was related to both level and change, but gender and education were only related to level of memory performance. Collectively, these results depict relatively high degrees of structural stability and stability of interindividual differences in declarative memory in old age.
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| 2. |
- Löfvenberg, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Analysis of Spectrin Oligomerization
- 2001
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Ingår i: Analytical Biochemistry. ; 292:2, s. 222-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Gel filtration chromatography has been used to analyze the oligomerization of human erythrocyte spectrin. By applying an exponentially modified Gaussian function we have been able to resolve overlapping elution peaks. From these peaks it was possible to calculate the equilibrium composition of each spectrin concentration and thus also the dissociation constants describing the oligomeric process. The determined dissociation constants for tetramer formation (1.3 M) and for hexamer formation (24 M) agree well with other measurements.
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| 3. |
- Stockeld, Dag, et al.
(författare)
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A Swedish study of chemoradiation in squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus
- 2001
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Ingår i: Acta Oncologica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1651-226X .- 0284-186X. ; 40, s. 566-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This multicenter study describes the development of a chemoradiation protocol for the treatment of non-metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus. Eighty patients were treated with three courses of chemotherapy (cisplatinum and 5-fluorouracil) with concomitant radiotherapy (40 Gy) during the last two courses of chemotherapy. Esophagectomy was performed, when feasible. If no operation was performed, patients were planned to receive a target dose of 64 Gy. Toxicity was mainly attributable to hematological impairment and led to two adjustments of the treatment protocol (addition of filgrastim and lowering of the 5-fluorouracil dose). These changes made it possible to administer the planned treatment in a gradually higher proportion of patients (13/23 [57%] before changes of treatment compared with 30/36 [83%] after changes). Treatment-related mortality was 3.75% (3 patients, associated with leucopenic septicemia after chemotherapy). Fifty-four patients were resected. No per- or postoperative mortality was encountered. The complete response (pathological CR) rate in operated patients was 46% (27/59 patients) after chemoradiation. In the whole series the CR rate (including clinical CR for non-resected patients) was 44%. With a minimum follow-up of 37 months, the 3-year survival for the whole group was 31% compared with 57% for the CR patients. Total 5-year survival thus far (July 1999) is 26%.
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| 4. |
- Buevich, Alexei V, et al.
(författare)
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NMR studies of calcium-binding to mutant alpha-spectrin EF-hands
- 2004
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Ingår i: CELLULAR & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LETTERS. - 1425-8153. ; 9:1, s. 167-86
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The co-operative calcium binding mechanism of the two C-terminal EF-hands of human all-spectrin has been investigated by site-specific mutagenesis and multi-dimensional NMR spectroscopy. To analyse the calcium binding of each EF-hand independently, two mutant structures (E33A and D69S) of wild type alpha-spectrin were prepared. According to NMR analysis both E33A and D69S were properly folded. The unmutated EF-hand in these mutants remained nearly intact and active in calcium binding, whereas the mutated EF-hand lost its affinity for calcium completely. The apparent calcium binding affinity of the E33A mutant was much lower compared to the D39S mutant (similar to2470 muM and similar to240 muM, respectively). When the chemical shift perturbations were followed upon calcium titration, a positive correlation between the D69S mutant and the binding of the first calcium ion to the wild type was revealed. These observations showed that the first EF-hand in spectrin binds the first calcium ion and thereby triggers a conformational change that allows the second calcium ion to bind to the other EF-hand.
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| 5. |
- Guldstrand, Marie, et al.
(författare)
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Alteration of the counterregulatory responses to insulin-induced hypoglycemia and of cognitive function after massive weight reduction in severely obese subjects
- 2003
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Ingår i: Metabolism, Clinical and Experimental. - 1532-8600. ; 52:7, s. 900-907
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The autonomic nervous system (ANS) and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis are reported as activated in excess in the morbidly obese state and, therefore, changes after weight loss can be anticipated. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of a massive (similar to30%) weight reduction on the activation of the HPA axis and the ANS following bariatric surgery. Eight (7 women, 1 man) severely obese (125 +/- 12 kg; body mass index [BMI], 45 +/- 4 kg/m(2)) nondiabetic subjects, underwent a 3-hour hyperinsulinemic (1,034 pmol/kg/h) glucose clamp study at hypoglycemia of arterial B-glucose concentration of 3.4 mmol/L. Cognitive function was evaluated by a visuospatial computerized problem-solving test, the Perceptual Maze Test (PMT). The mean weight loss was 40 +/- 9 kg approximately 12 months postsurgery when their weight was stabilized (85 6 kg; BMI, 31 +/- 3 kg/m(2)), and insulin sensitivity improved to an average increase of 376% +/- 250% (P < .01) of initial value. Before weight reduction, all patients demonstrated brisk peak responses in glucagon, epinephrine, pancreatic polypeptide (PP), norepinephrine, and cortisol, indicative of preserved or exaggerated activation of ANS and HPA axis. In the reduced-obese state, all these responses were attenuated and most markedly so for glucagon, which was totally abolished. In contrast, the growth hormone (GH) response was increased after weight reduction. The cognitive function was clearly modified by weight reduction both during normoglycemia and hypoglycemia and was changed preferentially to a speed-preferring strategy in the reduced-obese state compared with a more accuracy preferred problem-solving process of PMT test presurgery. These results demonstrate a reduction of the glucose counterregulatory hormonal responses, increased insulin sensitivity, and perturbed cognitive function after massive weight reduction. It may be speculated on if the increased insulin sensitivity and reduced counterregulation to hypoglycemia could predispose to low plasma glucose concentrations.
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| 9. |
- Virel, Ana, et al.
(författare)
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Molecular Evolution and Structure of α-Actinin
- 2004
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Ingår i: Molecular biology and evolution. - Chicago : Oxford University Press. - 0737-4038 .- 1537-1719. ; 21:6, s. 1024-1031
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The N-terminal actin-binding domain of α-actinin is connected to the C-terminal EF-hands by a rod domain. Because of its ability to form dimers, α-actinin can cross-link actin filaments in muscle cells as well as in nonmuscle cells. In the prototypic α-actinins, the rod domain contains four triple helical bundles, or so-called spectrin repeats. We have found some atypical α-actinins in early diverging organisms, such as protozoa and yeast, where the rod domain contains one and two spectrin repeats, respectively. This implies that the four repeats present in modern α-actinins arose after two consecutive intragenic duplications from an α-actinin with a single repeat. Further, the evolutionary gene tree of α-actinins shows that the appearance of four distinct α-actinin isoforms may have occurred after the vertebrate-invertebrate split. The topology of the tree lends support to the hypothesis that two rounds (2R) of genome duplication occurred early in the vertebrate radiation. The phylogeny also considers these atypical isoforms as the most basal to α-actinins of vertebrates and other eukaryotes. The analysis also positioned α-actinin of the fungi Encephalitozoo cuniculi close to the protozoa, supporting the suggestion that microsporidia are early eukaryotes. Because α-actinin is considered the basal member of the spectrin family, our studies will improve the understanding of the origin and evolution of this superfamily.
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