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- Backman, Jyri, 1968-
(författare)
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I skuggan av NHL : en organisationsstudie av svensk och finsk elitishockey
- 2012
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I denna licentiatuppsats har svenska elitseriens respektive finska SM-liigas seriemodeller analyserats i ljuset av NHL:s dominans över den globala ishockeyn. Bakgrunden till problemområdet är att företrädarna för svensk respektive finsk elitishockey implementerat olikartade organisatoriska lösningar, trots att de utvecklats i kontexter med likartade sportmodeller och samhällsvillkor. Metodologiskt bygger denna licentiatuppsats på komparativa studier. Som grund för min analys har jag använt mig av dokumentanalys med inslag av rättsdogmatik. Den teoretiska ramen har utgjorts av historikern Martin Alms amerikaniseringsbegrepp samt juristen och forskaren Lars Halgreens analys om amerikaniseringen av europeisk sport. Följande frågeställningar har analyserats: Hur har elitserien respektive SM-liiga utvecklats i relation till den amerikanska respektive europeiska sportmodellen, sedan 1970-talets mitt? Vilka kännetecken kan fastställas för de respektive organisationsmodellerna? På vilka sätt skiljer respektive liknar de varandra samt vilka förutsättningar för parallellverkan kan urskiljas, dels generellt och dels specifikt i en ishockeykontext? Vilka tendenser och inslag kan skönjas i elitserien respektive SM-liiga av det faktum att ishockeyn genom åren både sportsligt och kommersiellt dominerats av NHL? Min studie visar att ishockeysporten är en spjutspets i amerikaniseringen och kommersialiseringen av nordisk sport samt att ishockeyns kommersialisering och professionalisering i någon form leder till en amerikanisering. Studien visar att företrädarna för den finska elitishockeyn haft stor autonomi präglat av förbundssplitting, vilket har sin förklaring i Finlands 1900-talshistoria. Denna självständighet har utgjort grund för den finska elitishockeyns snabba och häftiga utveckling efter andra världskriget. I jämförelse är Sverige präglat av konsensusorientering med Sveriges Riksidrottsförbund som centraladministration och paraplyorganisation för hela den svenska idrotten, även om Svenska Hockeyligan Ab på senare år fått allt större roll inom svensk ishockey. En slutsats är att Finlands högsta ishockeyserie kan anses vara en hybrid mellan den amerikanska respektive europeiska sportmodellen. Sveriges högsta ishockeyserie är å andra sidan närmare sammanlänkad med den europeiska sportmodellen, även om det finns stora kommersiella intressen inom svensk elitishockey.
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| 2. |
- Backman, Torbjörn, et al.
(författare)
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Continuous Double U-stitch Gastrostomy in Children.
- 2010
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Ingår i: European Journal of Pediatric Surgery. - : Georg Thieme Verlag KG. - 1439-359X .- 0939-7248. ; 20, s. 14-17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: In children, a gastrostomy button was placed as the initial feeding tube, using laparoscopy and a modified surgical technique. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that a new surgical procedure developed at our institution would result in fewer postoperative complications. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Sixty-two consecutive children with nutritional problems underwent a video-assisted gastrostomy operation (VAG). The technique requires the use of a 2 or 3 mm laparoscope optic and a 5 mm trocar placed at the exit site chosen for the gastrostomy. A continuous double U-stitch absorbable suture created a purse string suture around the gastrostoma on the stomach and fixated the stomach to the abdominal wall. For comparison, we used a control group of 68 children with nutritional problems operated on with our previously published VAG technique. After surgery, the children were followed up at one and six months and all complications were documented according to a protocol. RESULTS: The two groups of children were comparable with regard to their demographic data. There were no serious intra-operative or postoperative intra-abdominal complications requiring reoperation. There was a significantly lower incidence of the minor complication of granuloma around the gastrostoma in the study group compared with the control group. CONCLUSION: This variation of the surgical technique is simple and effective. It allows primary placement of a gastrostomy button that is functionally and cosmetically comparable to a gastrostomy tube surgically placed by other methods. In this study, the patients had fewer postoperative problems than the control group.
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| 3. |
- Backman, Torbjörn, et al.
(författare)
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Pre- and postoperative vomiting in children undergoing video-assisted gastrostomy tube placement.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Surgery research and practice. - : Hindawi Limited. - 2356-7759 .- 2356-6124. ; 2014
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of pre- and postoperative vomiting in children undergoing a Video-Assisted Gastrostomy (VAG) operation. Patients and Methods. 180 children underwent a VAG operation and were subdivided into groups based on their underlying diagnosis. An anamnesis with respect to vomiting was taken from each of the children's parents before the operation. After the VAG operation, all patients were followed prospectively at one and six months after surgery. All complications including vomiting were documented according to a standardized protocol. Results. Vomiting occurred preoperatively in 51 children (28%). One month after surgery the incidence was 43 (24%) in the same group of children and six months after it was found in 40 (22%). There was a difference in vomiting frequency both pre- and postoperatively between the children in the groups with different diagnoses included in the study. No difference was noted in pre- and postoperative vomiting frequency within each specific diagnosis group. Conclusion. The preoperative vomiting symptoms persisted after the VAG operation. Neurologically impaired children had a higher incidence of vomiting than patients with other diagnoses, a well-known fact, probably due to their underlying diagnosis and not the VAG operation. This information is useful in preoperative counselling.
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| 4. |
- Backman, Torbjörn
(författare)
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Video assisted gastrostomy in children
- 2014
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Children with severe diseases can be provided nutritional support through a gastrostomy if needed. At the Department of Paediatric Surgery in Lund we have used the Video Assisted Gastrostomy (VAG) procedure since 1994 when establishing gastrostomies. In this thesis, children with different diseases, who all had undergone the VAG procedure, were studied in five different clinical studies. Postoperative complications were collected and validated. We have not seen any major complications associated with the surgical procedure in any of the studies, such as peritonitis due to leakage of gastric contents into the abdominal cavity, tube dislodgement, gastro-colic fistula or severe haemorrhage. Complications discussed below are therefore to be characterized as minor and include local infections, leakage and development of granulation tissue. Based on our studies, we have found that the VAG procedure is a safe method even when performed in children less than 1 year of age, and that these patients had a significant weight gain 6 months postoperatively (Paper I). Children with malignant diseases and treated with chemotherapy, did not have a higher incidence of postoperative complications after the VAG procedure compared to children with neurologic impairment. In the patients with postoperative complications, such as granuloma formation and infection, we did not find a correlation between these complications and the timing of the administration of the chemotherapy treatment (Paper II). Children with a previously placed ventriculo-peritoneal shunt (VPS) due to underlying neurosurgical diseases, did not present with any serious intra-abdominal complications, VPS or central nervous system infections after a VAG procedure. Concerning minor complication rates, no differences were seen between the children with neurosurgical diseases with a VPS and the control group including children with neurological impairment without a VPS (Paper III) We developed, and thereafter used, a new suturing technique when adapting the ventricle to the abdominal wall when performing a VAG procedure in children. We noticed a significant decrease in the incidence of granulation tissue development in the group where the new suture was used, coined “the continuous double U-stitch suture”, compared to the group of children in whom we had used our previously suturing technique, the purse-string suture (Paper IV). Vomiting is a common symptom in children with severe diseases and is most frequent in those with neurological impairment. The VAG procedure does not lead to increased vomiting in children. In children with vomiting symptoms before a VAG procedure, 78% had persisting symptoms six months after surgery (Paper V)
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| 7. |
- Lindblad, Frank, et al.
(författare)
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Sleep, stress and eating attitudes predict concentration at school
- 2011
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Ingår i: Salud (i) Ciencia. - : Sociedad Iberoamericana de Informacion Cientifica (S I I C). - 1667-8982 .- 1667-8990. ; 18:2, s. 142-146
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Sleep, stress and eating habits may affect concentration in school. These factors are probably interrelated, but have never been studied together as predictors of concentration. The purpose of this study, based on secondary analysis of previously collected data, was to evaluate if/how low sleep quality, perceived stress and negative attitudes to eating at school predict self-reported concentration difficulties in school in 11-15-year-olds. Methods: 1 124 students (grades 6-9) from 14 schools (a representative sample from a metropolitan area) filled in a questionnaire at school with questions about socio-demographic data, sleep, perceived stress, school eating attitudes and concentration in school. Results: Logistic regression analysis with mutual adjustment for all predictors, as well as for grade and gender yielded an odds ratio (OR) for the stress component "pressure" of 3.05 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.73-4.38), OR = 1.70 (1.20-2.42) for school eating attitude, and OR = 2.57 (1.78-3.71) for difficulties sleeping. Conclusion: Sleep, stress, and eating attitudes independently seem to predict perceived problems of concentration in school, suggesting that a multi-focus approach of life-style patterns may be suitable when trying to improve students' ability to concentrate in school.
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