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| 2. |
- Bagiu, Lucian, et al.
(författare)
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Însușirea limbii române de către studenții străini, nivel A1. : Studiu comparativ studenți norvegieni vs indieni
- 2014
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Ingår i: European Integration / National Identity; Plurilingualism/ Multiculturality – Romanian Language and Culture: Evaluation, Perspectives), Proceedings, Iasi, 25-26 September 2013. - 9788854878129 ; Danubiana, s. 17-26
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The flexion of the verb in the Norwegian language for the indicative mood present tense has only one morphologic form, no matter the person and the number. The Punjabi language (spoken by more than 90 million people) is an Indo-Arian language (an immense subgroup of the Indo-Iranian languages, having more than 900 million speakers). The Punjabi language is closely related to Romany (Gipsy) language, as well as to Hindustani (Hindi and Urdu), Bengali, Marathi, Guajarati, Oriya, Sindhi, Saraiki, Nepali, Sinhala and Assamese. From a typological aspect, the Punjabi language has a complex morphological system, including the conjugation of the verb. Concerning the Romanian language, the foreign student has to assimilate, form the very beginning, the existence of four groups of conjugation (according to the traditional classification, regularly used in the education system), classified according to the infinitive (to which one has to add the irregular verbs) and also the endings according to person and number, specific to each group. Moreover, there are some mutations in the root word of the verb from time to time, much more difficult to catch by a foreign speaker. Learning and proper using of tens of verbal endings in the Romanian language can be an insurmountable standstill at least for some of the foreign students. In English the demonstrative pronoun/adjective changes solely according to number, not by the gender as well. In Norwegian the demonstrative pronoun/adjective changes both according to number and gender (neuter gender as well!). In Punjabi, the demonstrative pronoun exists and is used replacing the personal pronoun in the third person. There is also a difference between proximal and distal demonstrative pronouns, with changes according to number, yet not by the gender. Hence for the Norwegian student learning the proximal demonstrative pronoun is not an absolute novelty; typologically there is an analogy to the Norwegian linguistic system. For the Indian student speaking Punjabi and English the existence of this pronoun and its changing according to number is again a familiar pattern. However learning the additional changes by the gender is an absolute and sometimes insurmountable novelty. Many of the errors in the way the definite article and the proximal demonstrative pronoun are used are caused, actually, by a difficulty of the Norwegian or Indian student to identify the gender of the noun, the adjective or the demonstrative pronoun. I do not make mention either of the everlasting issue of the discrepancy between the natural and the grammatical gender, or of the distinctiveness of each linguistic system in the way it decides its gender. I do make mention however of the ambiguous statute of the neuter gender (ambi-gender) of the Romanian language. The Norwegian language has a properly neuter gender that can be identified by its content and more important by its formal aspect, it has specific terminations, diverse from the masculine and feminine endings. The Punjabi language does not have at all the neuter gender as part of its morphological system. The examples I mention in the present analysis are relevant for the conclusion that the learning of the Romanian language by foreign students, beginners level, is a complex educational process with inherent novel outcomes that are difficult to prefigure. Although one starts from seeming identical circumstances and the same educational practices are implemented, random aspect interfere, such as the mother tongue of the foreign student. It can play an essential role. It is a linguistic frame that unintentionally carries out a modelling pressure on the new language that has to be acquired. Most of the times the morphological structure of the mother tongue of the foreign student is not identical with the Romanian morphological structure; thus what the foreign student subconsciously perceives as a setup reference frame is instead an impediment or possibly even a barrier. Some errors similar to both series of foreign students could be identified, this being a substantiation that the Romanian language has immutable difficulties that are demanding for any foreign student, i.e. the conjugation of the verb in the indicative present or the neuter gender. Regardless of any linguistic or educational assertions the main actor in the process of acquiring the Romanian language is evermore another, the foreign student himself; an individuality with its own impulse and ability.
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| 3. |
- Bagiu, Lucian
(författare)
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Limba română la Universitatea Carolină din Praga
- 2013
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Ingår i: Philologica Jassyensia. - 1841-5377. ; IX:2 (18), s. 279-290
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Founded in 1348, Charles University in Prague is among the oldest academic institutions in the world. Teaching the Romanian language has a longstanding tradition as well: it was established by the Czech philologist Jan Urban Jarník (1848-1923) within the Romance Department in 1882. Thus Charles University in Prague became the fifth university outside Romania that began teaching Romanian language (following those in Torino, Petrograd, Vienne and Budapest). A key moment for learning the Romanian language in Prague, as well as for the Romanian - Czech relations altogether was the foundation of the Romanian Language and Literature Section in 1950, within the Faculty of Arts. A year later, on the basis of a Romanian Ministry Agreement the activity of the Romanian language lectureship was inaugurated. This implied the ongoing presence of a Romanian language lecturer detached from a university in Romania in order to teach mainly practical courses to the Check students. Starting with 2009 the Romanian Language and Literature Section is part of the South-Slavonic and Balkan Department next to the Serbian, Croatian, and Slovenian, Bulgarian and Albanian language, literature and history. In the academic year 2012 - 2013 the Romanian lecturer is the only full-time employee and within the section have a part-time Mr. Mircea Dan Duță (the director of the Romanian Cultural Institute in Prague) and Mr. Jiri Nasinec (translator) for the Romanian language subjects and Mrs. Libuse Valentova and Mrs. Jarmila Horakova (PhD student) for Romanian literature subjects. The lectureship itself provides practical courses for the first and second year students that have Romanian as their major language (A); also a creative writing seminar for the master students and optional courses in Romanian language for the students from all specializations of Charles University. There are 18 students who are currently learning Romanian officially at Charles University and 8 more PhD students or other.
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| 4. |
- Bagiu, Lucian, et al.
(författare)
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Lucian Blaga and "Zamolxis" : The Revolt of Our Non-Latin Nature
- 2010
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the International Conference Language, Literature and Foreign Language Teaching : Interdisciplinarity and Transdisciplinarity in Language, Literature, and Foreign Language Teaching Methodology. - 9789731890746 ; , s. 311-322
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- "Zalmoxis" is a dramatic poem in which each character autonomously structures his own discursive lyric, expressing thus a variety of concepts over the spiritual foundation of the Dacians. The charm of each nuance in part relates in the last instance, the mode in which the author understands the proper structure of the actual dramatic perspective above the revolt of our non-Latin foundation. The new god is a vain and vengeful one. His emergence from the data of the natural condition of humanity tries the character who is both chthonic and Dyonisiac of the new religion. The solution to transform the prophet Zalmoxis into one of the gods of the traditional polytheistic religion appears rightfully inherent, the only compromise possible for a community unprepared and incapable of being initiated into monotheism. The Dacians would close their eyes to the teachings of the Blind One while in a spiritual night they are complacent, so evident because they cannot perceive the truth; they cannot live the religious revelation the way it is very possible to do. The Dacians were not Greek, but to catalogue their faith whether by the embodiment of the Dyonisiac, or the regimentation of the Apollonian means to denature the true spiritual dimensions that were impossible for them to define in the first place. The Dacians configured by Lucian Blaga in “Zalmoxis” have a heterogenous character in comparison with the concept of humanity. They are an imperfect construct, their community is undefined, and it is but an embryo of society. The interpretation in conformity with Dacians, who would have been more than men, is illusory; Dacians appear as something less than men. Their incapacity to frame within a specific divine project need not be viewed as a spiritual failure. Moreover, the Dacians were not yet ontologically completed and thus were unprepared for the revelation of the new faith of the Blind One. The original mystery of existence cannot be, therefore, overcome: you, as a man, endowed or not, to intuit, however incomplete, imperfect and partial, you are finally forced to let him subjugate you. To recognize oneself bound in the face of the mystery means, at most, to know it luciferically, meaning the guarantee of survival of the secret beyond yourself. It is tragedy from hereon in, but all the greatness of the human condition as well, because the ontological destiny of man is to live in the “horizon of mysteries” and to be endowed with “revelation” that is realized through the act of creation, from the prophet. The destiny of the prophet Zalmoxis would have been to sacrifice himself for his entire people, as a kind of scapegoat over whom he concentrates the sins of the community, sacrificed by people in order to be forgiven and saved by gods. Once they have accomplished the killing of the prophet Zalmoxis, killing even his statue, the Dacians earn the revelation of the myth of the Blind One. Post facto they seem to believe that The Blind One is, from this day forward, among them, theirs, themselves. In Lucian Blaga’s debut play he does not reconfigure the cult of Zalmoxis in his historical markings, but rather creates a space in which the creative imagination of the poet begets his own myth. Between the chthonic and the uranic, in Blaga’s play, it is possible that Zalmoxis could have lost contact with his kind. Starting from an existential dimension so specific and familiar of his people, namely the chthonic, Zalmoxis will have estranged himself to Dacians through his overstay in a cave, where in his attempt to embrace a new dimension—the uranic—seemed too much to those below, who, prisoners of their own spiritual limitations, ontological or drastically sanctioned and from within a primary instinct of self-protection. However, the myth is born spontaneously after the disappearance of the prophet, the intuition and consciousness of the Dacians suggesting a revelation. Sacrificing his messenger, the Blind One guaranteed his being in the horizon of immortality.
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| 5. |
- Bagiu, Lucian
(författare)
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Lucian Blaga și teatrul : Eseu despre absolutul estetic
- 2014
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Bok (refereegranskat)abstract
- The book analyzes each of the ten plays written by Lucian Blaga, with a focus both on Romanian mythology/history/cultural identity and on the European influences (such as philosophical - Spengler, Nietzsche etc., psychological - Jung, Freud, literary - Wedekind, Strindberg.). All plays are related to Lucian Blaga's larger work - poetry, philosophy, essay, memoirs.
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| 6. |
- Bagiu, Lucian, et al.
(författare)
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The Image of the Romanians in the Travelling Impressions of 17th Century Scandinavians
- 2013
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Ingår i: Metafore ale devenirii din perspectiva migraţiei contemporane. Naţional şi internaţional în limba şi cultura română. - 9786065401297 ; Academia Română – Institutul de Filologie Română „A. Philippide”, s. 387-403
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The work is a translation in English after the Romanian versions from the volume Călători străini despre Țările Române, vol. 5,volum îngrijit de Maria Holban, București, Editura Științifică, 1973, p. 60−68, p. 439−454. 1.The Account of the Travel in Wallachia. By Paul Strassburg, Secret Counsellor of the King of Sweden And Messenger to the Sultan Murad the 4th 2.The Account of the Swedish Diplomatic Agent Iohann Mayer Concerning His Journey through Moldavia, May, 12th – 31st, 1651
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