| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Abgrall, N., et al.
(författare)
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The large enriched germanium experiment for neutrinoless double beta decay (LEGEND)
- 2017
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Ingår i: AIP Conference Proceedings. - : Author(s). - 1551-7616 .- 0094-243X. ; 1894
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The observation of neutrinoless double-beta decay (0νββ) would show that lepton number is violated, reveal that neu-trinos are Majorana particles, and provide information on neutrino mass. A discovery-capable experiment covering the inverted ordering region, with effective Majorana neutrino masses of 15 - 50 meV, will require a tonne-scale experiment with excellent energy resolution and extremely low backgrounds, at the level of ∼0.1 count /(FWHM·t·yr) in the region of the signal. The current generation 76Ge experiments GERDA and the Majorana Demonstrator, utilizing high purity Germanium detectors with an intrinsic energy resolution of 0.12%, have achieved the lowest backgrounds by over an order of magnitude in the 0νββ signal region of all 0νββ experiments. Building on this success, the LEGEND collaboration has been formed to pursue a tonne-scale 76Ge experiment. The collaboration aims to develop a phased 0νββ experimental program with discovery potential at a half-life approaching or at 1028 years, using existing resources as appropriate to expedite physics results.
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| 3. |
- Bai, Ru, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of human enteric adenovirus type 41 (HAdV-F41) from children with gastroenteritis during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic
- 2024
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Ingår i: Infection, Genetics and Evolution. - : Elsevier. - 1567-1348 .- 1567-7257. ; 123
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Human adenovirus type 41 (HAdV-F41) usually causes pediatrics gastroenteritis. However, it was reported to be associated with the outbreaks of severe acute hepatitis of unknown aetiology (SAHUA) in pediatrics during COVID-19 pandemic. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of enteric HAdV-F41 in 37,920 paediatric gastroenteritis cases from 2017 to 2022 in Guangzhou, China. All children presented were tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 during the “zero-COVID” period. The main clinical symptom of the children was diarrhea (96.5%). No fatalities nor liver abnormal symptoms was found. In 2021, one year since the pandemic of COVID-19, the prevalence of HAdV-F41 abruptly increased from 3.71% to 8.64% (P < 0.001). All of HAdV-F41 circulating worldwide were classified into eight different subtypes (G1-G8) based on the phylogenetic clustering permutation of the four capsid genes of HAdV-F41. G3 was the predominant subtype (56.2%; 77/137). CRV5 isolates from SAHUA cases belong to this subtype, in which N312D and H335D mutations in the short fiber knob were identified in both Guangzhou and CRV5 isolates, presumably changing the virus tropism by directly interacting with the heparin sulfate (HS) receptor. Additionally, a novel recombinant G6 subtype, which is unique and only circulating in China was first identified in this study. This is the first study highlighting the prevalence of HAdV-F41 in paediatric cases of gastroenteritis during COVID-19 pandemic in China. The clinical and viral evolution finding of HAdV-F41 provide insight into the clinical characteristics of children with HAdV-F41 infections as well as the uncertain role of HAdV-F41 in the cause of SAHUA.
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| 4. |
- Carling, Tobias, et al.
(författare)
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Familial hypercalcemia and hypercalciuria caused by a novel mutation in the cytoplasmic tail of the calcium receptor
- 2000
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. - 0021-972X .- 1945-7197. ; 85:5, s. 2042-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Familial hyperparathyroidism (HPT), characterized by hypercalcemia and hypercalciuria, and familial benign hypocalciuric hypercalcemia (FHH) are the most common causes of hereditary hypercalcemia. The calcium-sensing receptor (CaR) regulates PTH secretion and renal calcium excretion. Heterozygous inactivating mutations of the gene cause FHH, whereas CaR gene mutations have not been demonstrated in HPT. In a kindred with 20 affected individuals, the hypercalcemic disorder segregated with inappropriately higher serum PTH and magnesium levels and urinary calcium levels than in unaffected members. Subtotal parathyroidectomy revealed parathyroid gland hyperplasia/adenoma and corrected the biochemical signs of the disorder in seven of nine individuals. Linkage analysis mapped the condition to markers flanking the CaR gene on chromosome 3q. Sequence analysis revealed a mutation changing phenylalanine to leucine at codon 881 of the CaR gene, representing the first identified point mutation located within the cytoplasmic tail of the CaR. A construct of the mutant receptor (F881L) was expressed in human embryonic kidney cells (HEK 293), and demonstrated a right-shifted dose-response relationship between the extracellular and intracellular calcium concentrations. The hypercalcemic disorder of the present family is caused by an inactivating point mutation in the cytoplasmic tail of the CaR and displays clinical characteristics atypical of FHH and primary HPT.
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| 5. |
- Chen, Mei-Qin, et al.
(författare)
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Arabidopsis NMD3 is required for nuclear export of 60S ribosomal subunits and affects secondary cell wall thickening
- 2012
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Ingår i: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 7:4, s. 35904-35904
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- NMD3 is required for nuclear export of the 60S ribosomal subunit in yeast and vertebrate cells, but no corresponding function of NMD3 has been reported in plants. Here we report that Arabidopsis thaliana NMD3 (AtNMD3) showed a similar function in the nuclear export of the 60S ribosomal subunit. Interference with AtNMD3 function by overexpressing a truncated dominant negative form of the protein lacking the nuclear export signal sequence caused retainment of the 60S ribosomal subunits in the nuclei. More interestingly, the transgenic Arabidopsis with dominant negative interference of AtNMD3 function showed a striking failure of secondary cell wall thickening, consistent with the altered expression of related genes and composition of cell wall components. Observation of a significant decrease of rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) in the differentiating interfascicular fiber cells of the transgenic plant stems suggested a link between the defective nuclear export of 60S ribosomal subunits and the abnormal formation of the secondary cell wall. These findings not only clarified the evolutionary conservation of NMD3 functions in the nuclear export of 60S ribosomal subunits in yeast, animals and plants, but also revealed a new facet of the regulatory mechanism underlying secondary cell wall thickening in Arabidopsis. This new facet is that the nuclear export of 60S ribosomal subunits and the formation of RER may play regulatory roles in coordinating protein synthesis in cytoplasm and transcription in nuclei.
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| 6. |
- Cheng, Jie, et al.
(författare)
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Interactions in Composite Film Formation of Mefp-1/graphene on Carbon Steel
- 2021
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Ingår i: Coatings. - : MDPI AG. - 2079-6412. ; 11:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mefp-1 adhesive protein derived from marine blue mussels, together with the 2D material graphene, was used to build the green composite film with enhanced anti-corrosion property and mechanical strength. The corrosion inhibition of the composite film, formed by different methods, was evaluated by using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The non-degraded adhesion of the composite film to the carbon steel substrate was proved by nano-scratch tests. Infrared spectroscopy was utilized to investigate the film formation process and "three-body interactions " between Mefp-1, graphene and carbon steel surface. The results show that the Mefp-1 adsorbs on the carbon steel surface mainly through the covalent bond between catechols and Fe(III). Meanwhile, Mefp-1 can bond to non-adhesive graphene by forming hydrogen bonds and pi-pi interaction non-covalent bonds, which facilitate the formation of a robust Mefp-1/graphene composite film on the carbon steel surface.
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| 7. |
- Klionsky, Daniel J., et al.
(författare)
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Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy
- 2012
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Ingår i: Autophagy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1554-8635 .- 1554-8627. ; 8:4, s. 445-544
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 2008 we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, research on this topic has continued to accelerate, and many new scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Accordingly, it is important to update these guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Various reviews have described the range of assays that have been used for this purpose. Nevertheless, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to measure autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. A key point that needs to be emphasized is that there is a difference between measurements that monitor the numbers or volume of autophagic elements (e.g., autophagosomes or autolysosomes) at any stage of the autophagic process vs. those that measure flux through the autophagy pathway (i.e., the complete process); thus, a block in macroautophagy that results in autophagosome accumulation needs to be differentiated from stimuli that result in increased autophagic activity, defined as increased autophagy induction coupled with increased delivery to, and degradation within, lysosomes (in most higher eukaryotes and some protists such as Dictyostelium) or the vacuole (in plants and fungi). In other words, it is especially important that investigators new to the field understand that the appearance of more autophagosomes does not necessarily equate with more autophagy. In fact, in many cases, autophagosomes accumulate because of a block in trafficking to lysosomes without a concomitant change in autophagosome biogenesis, whereas an increase in autolysosomes may reflect a reduction in degradative activity. Here, we present a set of guidelines for the selection and interpretation of methods for use by investigators who aim to examine macroautophagy and related processes, as well as for reviewers who need to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of papers that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a formulaic set of rules, because the appropriate assays depend in part on the question being asked and the system being used. In addition, we emphasize that no individual assay is guaranteed to be the most appropriate one in every situation, and we strongly recommend the use of multiple assays to monitor autophagy. In these guidelines, we consider these various methods of assessing autophagy and what information can, or cannot, be obtained from them. Finally, by discussing the merits and limits of particular autophagy assays, we hope to encourage technical innovation in the field.
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| 8. |
- Shi, Ruifeng, et al.
(författare)
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Protective effects of Clec11a in islets against lipotoxicity via modulation of proliferation and lipid metabolism in mice
- 2019
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Ingår i: Experimental Cell Research. - : ELSEVIER INC. - 0014-4827 .- 1090-2422. ; 384:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The lipotoxicity is considered as one of the risk for diabetes. Here we report C-type lectin domain family 11, member A (Clec11a) as a new regulator in islet playing a protective role in lipotoxicity induced dysfunction. Islet transcriptome sequencing was performed using the high-fat diet induced obesity (DIO) mice model. We found a significant decrease of Clec11a expression in islets of DIO mice compared to normal control mice, which was further confirmed by real-time PCR. Immunostaining demonstrated the localization of the Clec11a protein in mouse islets. Administration of recombinant human Clec11a (rClec11a) protein promoted the proliferation of islet cells and rescued the inhibition of fatty acid on cell proliferation, which involved the activation of Erk signaling pathway. We also found that the rClec11a altered the expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism.
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| 9. |
- Tang, Wanru, et al.
(författare)
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Drought variations in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau region since 1704 and their link to the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation
- 2023
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Ingår i: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. - 0031-0182. ; 630
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Understanding the long-term history of drought in the Tibetan Plateau region is important to improve understanding of drought frequency in response to future global warming. Although the Tibetan Plateau has become generally wetter recently, the southeastern part of the Tibetan Plateau has become drier since the 2000s. To place this drying trend in a historical context, we conducted tree-ring studies for Abies spectabilis and Tsuga dumosa at three sites in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau, and developed tree-ring width (TRW), earlywood width (EWW), and latewood width (LWW) chronologies to permit local drought reconstruction. Based on correlation between these tree-ring parameters and instrumental meteorological data, the EWW chronologies were identified as suitable variables for reconstructing the average April–July self-calibrating Palmer Drought Index (scPDSI). The reconstruction accounted for 45.86% of the variance in the instrumental record and allowed us to extend the drought record back to 1704 CE. Based on this new dataset, the driest interval was from 1907 to 1919 CE during which time agricultural production fell by about 70% according to written historical records, leading to severe famine. Our findings suggest that this early twentieth century drought was in phase with the previously known drought over the northern Daxing'an Mountains. However, the southeastern Tibetan Plateau drought occurred one decade earlier than the known widespread drought event in North China during the 1920s–1930s. We show that this spatial drought pattern may have been modulated by the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation.
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| 10. |
- Wei, Qing, et al.
(författare)
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Resource allocation for V2X communications: A local search based 3D matching approach
- 2017
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Ingår i: IEEE International Conference on Communications. - 1550-3607. - 9781467389990
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications, en- abled by cellular device-to-device (D2D) links, have recently drawn much attention due to its potential to improve traffic safety, efficiency, and comfort. In this context, however, intracell interference combined with demanding latency and reliability requirements of safety vehicular users (V-UEs) are challenging issues. In this paper, we study a resource allocation problem among safety V-UEs, non-safety V-UEs, and conventional cellular UEs (C-UEs). Firstly, the resource allocation problem is formulated as a three-dimensional matching problem, where the objective is to maximize the total throughput of non-safety V-UEs on condition of satisfying the requirements on C-UEs and on safety V-UEs. Due to its NP-hardness, we then exploit hypergraph theory and propose a local search based approximation algorithm to solve it. Through simulation results, we show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the existing scheme in terms of both throughput performance and computational complexity.
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