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| 2. |
- Baigi, Amir, 1953, et al.
(författare)
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Tinnitus in the General Population With a Focus on Noise and Stress: A Public Health Study.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Ear and hearing. - 1538-4667 .- 0196-0202.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES:: To evaluate the influence of noise and stress on the probability of tinnitus in the general population. DESIGN:: Questionnaire data from 12,166 subjects. RESULTS:: Each year of age increased the odds ratio of tinnitus by about 3%. Men generally showed a higher risk for tinnitus compared with women. Exposure to noise and stress emerged important for the probability of tinnitus. However, for the transition from mild to severe tinnitus, stress turned out to be especially important. CONCLUSIONS:: Stress management strategies should be included in hearing conservation programs, especially for individuals with mild tinnitus who report a high stress load.
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| 3. |
- Ericson Sjöström, Monica, et al.
(författare)
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GP and patient predictions of sick-listing duration: How well do they correspond? A prospective observational study
- 2014
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0281-3432 .- 1502-7724. ; 32:2, s. 73-77
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. To explore how well physicians and patients predict sick-listing duration and the correspondence between their respective predictions. To study possible gender differences concerning prediction accuracy. Design. Prospective observational study. Setting. Two medium-sized primary care centres (PCC) in western Sweden. Subjects. GPs at the PCCs and attending patients sick-listed for > 14 days. Main outcome measures. Sick-listing duration; patients' and GPs' predictions of the total duration of the individual patient's sick-listing. Results. A total of 127 patients (93 women, 34 men, mean age 45 years) and 10 GPs participated in the study. Neither the GPs nor the patients were able to predict the interval until return to work with high accuracy. The GPs' and the patients' perceptions concurred in only 26% of cases. There was a significant difference in the correspondence between the GPs' and patients' respective predictions of sick-listing duration compared with the actual duration. GPs' predictions were more accurate for medium-length duration (1.5-6 months), while patients' predictions were more accurate for long-duration (> 6 months) sick-listing. Patients with less education predicted long duration of sick-listing more accurately than those with more education. There was no significant difference between male and female patients' accuracy of prediction, or between GPs' accuracy of prediction of male vs. female patients' sick-listing duration. Conclusions. Prediction of total sick-listing duration was hard for both GP and patient; their respective predictions corresponded in only one-quarter of the cases. No gender differences were observed in the accuracy of prediction.
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| 4. |
- Eriksson, Linn, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
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Ett generellt skolbaserat hälsopromotivt program : en studie om skolungdomars mat- och rörelsevanor, tilltro till egen förmåga och syn på kroppsligt utseende
- 2010
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Ingår i: Aktuell beteende- och samhällsvetenskaplig idrottsforskning. - Lund : Svensk förening för beteendevetenskaplig idrottsforskning - SVEBI. - 0284-4672. ; , s. 54-80
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study is a one year case study of a programme promoting physical activity and healthy eating habits in a secondary school. The aim was to describe and evaluate a school-based health promoting programme on interest in and participation in physical education (PE), eating habits and physical exercise habits, Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance and self-efficacy for boys and girls before and after the programme. One hundred and sixty-four participants completed questionnaires in December 2007 and December 2008. The results showed increased interest and active participation in PE in girls and an opposite among boys at the post-test. Fewer boys reported regular eating habits after the programme. Girls scored higher on the Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire subdomain awareness of a slimness ideal, and boys on the subdomain awareness of a muscular body as well as on the subdomain muscular appearance at the post-test. The results from this study cannot be generalized. Instead, the findings can be used for future research and to develop school-based health promotion programs. Conclusions and implications are discussed in the article.
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| 6. |
- Frank, Catharina, et al.
(författare)
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Patient participation in the emergency department : an evaluation using a specific instrument to measure patient participation (PPED
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Advanced Nursing. - : Blackwell publishing. - 0309-2402 .- 1365-2648. ; 67:4, s. 728-735
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: This study aimed at evaluating patient participation from the perspective of patients who received care in emergency departments, with a separate examination of the relationship between participation and age, sex, education and priority level.Background: International and national guidelines encourage patient participation. High patient participation is required to ensure a high quality of care. No studies evaluating patient participation at an emergency department have been published.Methods: An evaluating study, with the Patient Participation Emergency Department questionnaire, was conducted at emergency departments in Sweden. A consecutive sample of 356 patients participated. Data was collected in 2008: participants were 49% women and with an average age of 56 years. The statistical methods used were Student’s t-test, one-way ANOVA and Spearman correlation.Results: The results revealed that patients experienced good requirement such as time and information for participation. Mutual participation demonstrated a reasonable level but patient participation is low in two dimensions (Fight for participation, Participation in getting basic needs satisfied). Young and well‑educated patients fought more to participate in their care and gained less attention for basic needs than older and less well‑educated patients.Conclusions: Patient participation in a mutual care situation between patients and healthcare professionals requires further improvement to ensure that patients are satisfied and do not have to struggle and fight in order to participate in their care.
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| 7. |
- Frank, Catharina, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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Questionnarie for patient participation in emergency departments : development and psychometric testing
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Advanced Nursing. - : Blackwell Publishing Ltd. - 0309-2402 .- 1365-2648. ; 67:3, s. 643-651
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim The aim of the study was to develop and test the psychometric properties of a patient participation questionnaire in emergency departments. Background Patient participation is an important indicator of quality of healthcare. International and national health care policy guidelines promote patient participation. While patients cared for in emergency departments generally express dissatisfaction with their care, a review of the literature fails to reveal any scientifically tested research instruments for assessing patient participation from the perspective of patients. Methods A methodological study was conducted involving a convenience sample of 356 patients recently cared for in emergency departments in Sweden. Data was collected in 2008 and the analyses performed were tested for construct and criterion validity and also homogeneity and stability reliability. Results A 17- item questionnaire was developed. Two separate factor analyses revealed a distinct four- factor solution which was labelled: fight for participation, requirement for participation, mutual participation and participating in getting basic needs satisfied. Criterion validity presented showed 9 out of 20 correlations above 0.30 and of those 3 moderate correlations of 0.62, 0.63 and 0.70. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient ranged from 0.63 - 0.84 and test- retest varied between 0.59 and 0.93. Conclusion The results signify evidence of acceptable validity and reliability and the questionnaire makes it possible to evaluate patient participation in ED caring situations. In addition it produces data which is useable by a diverse range of healthcare professionals.
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| 8. |
- Fridlund, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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Developing and establishing the psychometric properties of an Ethos towards Wellness Questionnaire (EtWeQ)
- 2014
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Ingår i: Open Journal of Nursing. - Irvine : Scientific Research Publishing. - 2162-5336 .- 2162-5344. ; 4:7, s. 538-547
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: Validated instruments exist measuring parts of personal health, ill-health and lifestyle, but there are few, if any, instruments “grasping the big picture” of wellness and ethos. Accordingly the aim was to develop and establish the psychometric properties of a 74-item Ethos towards Wellness Questionnaire (EtWeQ) with regards to content and construct validity, as well as homogeneity and stability reliability. Methods: A questionnaire based on a methodological and developmental design was sent out twice with a four week gap between, on 221 healthy middle-aged participants in four steps: item generating, content validating, statistical analyzing and establishing the final questionnaire. Results: The substantial base, consisting of content validity resulted in, besides basic characteristics, six well-defined and sufficient indexes comprising of; two health indexes (healthiness and ill-healthiness), three life context indexes (work, family, spare time), and one brief comprehensive index (ethos). The three life context as well as the ethos indexes at an ordinal scale level, identified overall satisfactory communalities of >0.30, factor loadings > 0.30, and factor total variance > 50% with regard to construct validity. The homogeneity reliability, in terms of Cronbach’s alpha coefficient > 0.70, at both occasions with a four week gap between, as well as the stability reliability in terms of intraclass correlation coefficient > 0.70, were also considered satisfactory in the same indexes. Conclusions: This newly developed, and likely the only questionnaire focusing on “grasping the big human picture”, was based on both a philosophical reasoning and empirical recommendations of wellness, is shown to be a valid and reliable measurement in screening or in follow-up of healthy people’s wellness and ethos.
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| 9. |
- Fridlund, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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Developing and testing the psychometric properties of a short-form questionnaire regarding the psychosocial condition after a cardiac event
- 2010
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Ingår i: Vård i Norden. - København : SSN [Sjuksköterskornas samarbete i Norden]. - 0107-4083 .- 1890-4238. ; 30:2, s. 29-32
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Psychosocial difficulties in patients after a cardiac event is well-known concept yet no systematic or routine assessment with focus on their psychosocial condition with regard to coping, social support and sense of coherence is established. Accordingly the aim of this pilot study was to develop and test the psychometric properties of a short-form questionnaire regarding patients’ psychosocial condition after a cardiac event to be used in every day clinical practice. This pilot study, which had a methodological design, used selected sample of 30 participants to answer a questionnaire built on 37 items in order to determine face, content and construct validity and homogeneity reliability. Five factors built on 18 items emerged, all with good values for the psychometric tests chosen, and labelled according to their theoretical belongings: closeness, belongingness, availability, concordance and outlook. This short-form questionnaire measuring the psychosocial condition after a cardiac event useful in every day clinical practice seems appropriate but needs further psychometric development carried out in large scale studies with regard to cultural-socio-demographics and diagnoses.
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| 10. |
- Hildingh, Cathrine, et al.
(författare)
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The association among hypertension and reduced psychological well-being, anxiety and sleep disturbances : a population study
- 2010
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - Oxford : Blackwell Publishing. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 24:2, s. 366-371
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hypertension (HP) is a serious condition affecting about one quarter of all adults, both men and women. Genetic and environmental factors are of importance in its aetiology, while psychosocial factors may also play a role. This study focused on psychosocial factors and examined the association among reduced psychological well-being, anxiety, sleep disturbances and HP by comparing people with HP and the general population. A national survey of 12 166 individuals (hypertensives n = 2047; rest of population n = 10 119) was conducted using two-step multiple logistic regression with an odds ratio and a 95% confidence interval. The study is in accordance with Swedish legislation pertaining to ethics. Reduced psychological well-being, anxiety and sleep disturbances were higher in the HP group and, in addition, reduced psychological well-being was, still higher in the presence of severe anxiety and serious sleep disturbances. These three factors are of major importance for HP, but it is difficult to know whether they are causes or consequences. In order to prevent HP, support for people who exhibit such risk factors should be a matter of high priority.
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