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- Garcia-Closas, Montserrat, et al.
(författare)
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Heterogeneity of breast cancer associations with five susceptibility loci by clinical and pathological characteristics
- 2008
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Ingår i: PLoS genetics. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1553-7404. ; 4:4, s. e1000054-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A three-stage genome-wide association study recently identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in five loci (fibroblast growth receptor 2 (FGFR2), trinucleotide repeat containing 9 (TNRC9), mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 K1 (MAP3K1), 8q24, and lymphocyte-specific protein 1 (LSP1)) associated with breast cancer risk. We investigated whether the associations between these SNPs and breast cancer risk varied by clinically important tumor characteristics in up to 23,039 invasive breast cancer cases and 26,273 controls from 20 studies. We also evaluated their influence on overall survival in 13,527 cases from 13 studies. All participants were of European or Asian origin. rs2981582 in FGFR2 was more strongly related to ER-positive (per-allele OR (95%CI) = 1.31 (1.27-1.36)) than ER-negative (1.08 (1.03-1.14)) disease (P for heterogeneity = 10(-13)). This SNP was also more strongly related to PR-positive, low grade and node positive tumors (P = 10(-5), 10(-8), 0.013, respectively). The association for rs13281615 in 8q24 was stronger for ER-positive, PR-positive, and low grade tumors (P = 0.001, 0.011 and 10(-4), respectively). The differences in the associations between SNPs in FGFR2 and 8q24 and risk by ER and grade remained significant after permutation adjustment for multiple comparisons and after adjustment for other tumor characteristics. Three SNPs (rs2981582, rs3803662, and rs889312) showed weak but significant associations with ER-negative disease, the strongest association being for rs3803662 in TNRC9 (1.14 (1.09-1.21)). rs13281615 in 8q24 was associated with an improvement in survival after diagnosis (per-allele HR = 0.90 (0.83-0.97). The association was attenuated and non-significant after adjusting for known prognostic factors. Our findings show that common genetic variants influence the pathological subtype of breast cancer and provide further support for the hypothesis that ER-positive and ER-negative disease are biologically distinct. Understanding the etiologic heterogeneity of breast cancer may ultimately result in improvements in prevention, early detection, and treatment.
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- Kuzmin, M., et al.
(författare)
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Atomic and electronic structure of the Yb/Ge(111)-(3x2) surface studied by high-resolution photoelectron spectroscopy
- 2007
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Ingår i: Physical Review B (Condensed Matter and Materials Physics). - 1098-0121. ; 75
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using high-resolution synchrotron-radiation photoelectron spectroscopy and low-energy electron diffraction, we have studied the electronic and structural properties of the Yb-induced Ge(111)-(3x2) reconstruction with a 1/6 monolayer coverage. We found these properties to be similar in many respects to those of the metal-induced Si(111) and Ge(111) reconstructions described previously in terms of the honeycomb chain-channel (HCC) structure. In particular, the Yb/Ge(111)-(3x2) is revealed to have a semiconducting character, the Yb atoms are divalent, and the surface states observed for the Yb/Ge(111) closely resemble those of the Na/Ge(111)-(3x1) in the literature. The Ge 3d core-level analysis, however, shows that the Ge 3d spectra from Yb/Ge(111)-(3x2) drastically differ from corresponding spectra of other Si and Ge HCC reconstructions. An atomic model, based on the general HCC geometry, is proposed for the Yb/Ge(111)-(3x2) surface. In this model, the important structural aspects are a buckling of the Ge = Ge double bond in the top, HCC-reconstructed layer plus a strong rearrangement of the second-layer atoms.
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- Kuzmin, M., et al.
(författare)
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Yb-induced (2x3) and (2x4) reconstructions on Si(100) studied by first-principles calculations and high-resolution core-level photoelectron spectroscopy
- 2008
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Ingår i: Physical Review B (Condensed Matter and Materials Physics). - 1098-0121. ; 78:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report here a combined theoretical and experimental study of Yb/Si(100)-(2x3) and -(2x4) reconstructions by means of first-principles calculations and high-resolution core-level photoelectron spectroscopy. Energetically stable atomic structures are presented for these reconstructions. Yb atoms are found to occupy the cave sites in the structures, and the Si substrate is strongly rearranged due to Yb adsorption. It is shown that scanning tunneling microscopy images and surface core-level shifts (SCLSs) calculated for these atomic configurations agree with experimental data, giving further support to the models. In addition, by comparing our theoretical and experimental Si 2p results, we discuss and interpret the atomic origins of SCLSs measured for the YbSi(100)-(2x3)/(2x4). Finally, the results presented are helpful in the analysis of (2x3) and (2x4) structures induced by other rare earth metals on Si(100).
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