| 1. |
- Nerini, Francesco Fuso, et al.
(författare)
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Sustainable Development in the Wake of Covid-19
- 2024
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The ´decade of action´ to achieve the ambitious 17 Sustainable Development Goals by 2030 is off to a very challenging start. With progress on the achievement of most SDGs already lagging behind even before the Covid-19 crisis – our analysis finds that the pandemic negatively affects the achievement of 144 targets (almost 90%) of the SDGs. However, 66 targets (ca. 40%) could potentially benefit from the changes spurred by the crisis, given that the appropriate decisions are made. Holistic response and leadership are needed to ensure an inclusive economic recovery while protecting the environment. Furthermore, our analysis of the literature documents the unprecedented speed of the international community to assess the impacts of the pandemic. Future research should gather data to better understand the impacts of the pandemic locally and globally, and produce long-term analyses to inform the sustainable recovery across all SDGs.
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| 2. |
- Bali Swain, Ranjula, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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COVID-19 pandemic waves : Identification and interpretation of global data
- 2024
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Ingår i: Heliyon. - : Elsevier. - 2405-8440. ; 10:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The mention of the COVID-19 waves is as prevalent as the pandemic itself. Identifying the beginning and end of the wave is critical to evaluating the impact of various COVID-19 variants and the different pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical (including economic, health and social, etc.) interventions. We demonstrate a scientifically robust method to identify COVID-19 waves and the breaking points at which they begin and end from January 2020 to June 2021. Employing the Break Least Square method, we determine the significance of COVID-19 waves for global-, regional-, and country-level data. The results show that the method works efficiently in detecting different breaking points. Identifying these breaking points is critical for evaluating the impact of the economic, health, social and other welfare interventions implemented during the pandemic crisis. Employing our method with high frequency data effectively determines the start and end points of the COVID-19 wave(s). Identifying waves at the country level is more relevant than at the global or regional levels. Our research results evidenced that the COVID-19 wave takes about 48 days on average to subside once it begins, irrespective of the circumstances.
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| 3. |
- Bali Swain, Ranjula, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Does Foreign Aid Improve Gender Performance In Recipient Countries?
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of International Development. - : Wiley. - 0954-1748 .- 1099-1328. ; 32:7, s. 1171-1193
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An explicit goal of foreign aid is to promote female empowerment and gender equality in developing countries. We investigate if foreign aid achieves this intended goal by examining its impact on the gender performance of recipient countries at the country level. Employing structural equation models, our results suggest that aid alone, even when targeted to directly improve gender outcomes, is unlikely to shift systemic inequalities. Aid will need to bolster civil society efforts that challenge institutional structures and norms in order to impact gender outcomes at the country level.
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| 4. |
- Bali Swain, Ranjula, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Financial inclusion and nutrition among rural households in Rwanda
- 2024
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Ingår i: European Review of Agricultural Economics. - : Oxford University Press. - 0165-1587 .- 1464-3618.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using Rwandan Integrated Household Living Conditions surveys (2013/2014 and 2016/17), we investigate whether financial inclusion leads to improved nutrition in rural Rwanda. Our empirical evidence shows a robust positive impact of financial inclusion by formal financial institutions, although informal institutions like tontines were ineffective in improving food expenditure or nutrition. Furthermore, the heterogeneous marginal effects of financial inclusion reduce the gender gap between the food expenditure and nutrition of female- and male-headed households. The results, hence, suggest that the country should promote formal financial inclusion to provide wide-ranging welfare effects by improving food security, nutrition and food expenditure in its rural communities.
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| 5. |
- Bali Swain, Ranjula, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Group-based financial services in the global south : Examining evidence on social efficacy
- 2021
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Ingår i: The Routledge Handbook of Feminist Economics. - London : Routledge. - 9780429020612 - 9780367074142 ; , s. 433-440
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Women’s community-based savings clubs were observed as early as the late 19th century across the Global South. Microfinance promised to provide financial services to the poor (predominantly women in the Global South) that lack access to formal banking. This chapter provides a synthesis of the existing evidence on the impact credit services have had. It covers two specific issues: the impact of credit on poverty and its impact on women’s empowerment. The chapter uses an analytical framework drawn from a coalescence of basic methodological principles within feminist economics scholarship described by Power as the “social provisioning approach.” Specifically, it also uses well-being as a central measure of economic success and the notion that human agency is important. From the perspective of a “social provisioning” framework, impact on income alone would give us at best a partial picture on the social efficacy of credit.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Bali Swain, Ranjula, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Introduction
- 2022
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Ingår i: The Informal Sector and the Environment. - Abingdon : Routledge. - 9781003223856 - 9781032122663 - 9781032122687 ; , s. 1-15
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The informal sector is core to the growth and livelihoods of many economies and is seen as both a highly dynamic sector and a fragile one. It provides significant amounts of employment across the world but the quality of this employment is often problematic, with employment in this sector characterised by ‘small or undefined work places, unsafe and unhealthy working conditions, low levels of skills and productivity, low or irregular incomes, long working hours and lack of access to information, markets, finance, training and technology’. As with all areas of regulatory control, there are two types of environmental regulation policies: command and control policies and economic incentives. Many studies suggest that informal economic activity should be formalised. Since pollution is an externality from production, government attempts to reduce it often take the form of taxes on pollutants and subsidies on the disposal of waste. This chapter presents an overview on the key concepts discussed in this book.
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| 8. |
- Bali Swain, Ranjula, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Modeling interlinkages between sustainable development goals using network analysis
- 2021
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Ingår i: World Development. - : Elsevier. - 0305-750X .- 1873-5991. ; 138
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Universal, ambitious, and arguably ambiguous, the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) are difficult to measure, monitor, prioritize and achieve. They are a multi-dimensional construct of economic, social and environmental indicators that work through complex interlinkages. We investigate these interlinkages at the SDG target level to identify the trade-offs and synergies between the SDGs. Second, we identify the community of interlinked SDG targets to determine if the SDGs can be benchmarked and prioritized for different regions. Employing network analysis approach the analysis is based on the IAEG-SDG data for the period 2000–2017. We find several positive and negative interlinkages (reinforcing and balancing feedbacks) between the SDG targets. The trade-offs, however, are much weaker than the synergies. Analyzing network structures for different regions, our results suggest that universal benchmarking of SDGs is counterproductive. We argue that it may be useful to identify a specific community of SDG targets, and use them as a guide to prioritize certain goals in different regions.
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| 9. |
- Bali Swain, Ranjula, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Preface
- 2023
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Ingår i: Interlinkages between the sustainable development goals. - Cheltenham : Edward Elgar Publishing. - 978 1 80392 493 9 ; , s. xi-
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 10. |
- Bali Swain, Ranjula, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Regulation, governance and the role of the informal sector in influencing environmental quality
- 2022
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Ingår i: The Informal Sector and the Environment. - Abingdon : Routledge. - 9781003223856 - 9781032122663 - 9781032122687 ; , s. 16-41
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We investigate the effect of the informal sector and a range of governance indicators on both global and local pollutants for a panel of 58 countries during 1996–2011. The analysis employs a fixed effects-instrumental variable generalized method of moments approach. We find that the size of the informal sector has a significant impact on environmental quality, which is conditional on the level of economic development. For developing countries, the informal sector has a significant positive impact on local pollutants, whereas for the developed countries the informal sector has a significantly negative effect on global pollutants. The findings also reveal that the impact of governance depends on the type of governance measure, the level of economic development and the type of pollutant. Control of corruption emerges as the single most important factor, especially in the non-OECD countries, in improving environmental quality. We argue that the efficacy of an environmental policy for a country with a large informal sector will be low if the policy measures do not address governance, size of the informal sector and environmental policy targets.
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