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- Bannbers, Elin, et al.
(författare)
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Patients with premenstrual dysphoric disorder have increased startle modulation during anticipation in the late luteal phase period in comparison to control subjects
- 2011
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Ingår i: Psychoneuroendocrinology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0306-4530 .- 1873-3360. ; 36:8, s. 1184-1192
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The acoustic startle response (ASR) is a withdrawal reflex to sudden or noxious auditory stimuli and, most importantly, an unbiased measure of emotional processing of appetitive and aversive stimuli. By exposing subjects to fearful situations, such as aversive pictures, the ASR may be enhanced, suggesting that amygdala modulates the startle circuit during threat situations. As one previous study, investigating affective modulation of the ASR in women with premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD), discovered no difference during picture viewing it is possible that the mood changes observed in PMDD relate to anxious anticipation rather than to direct stimulus responding. Hence we sought to examine the effects of PMDD on picture anticipation and picture response. Sixteen PMDD patients and 16 controls watched slide shows containing pleasant and unpleasant pictures and positive and negative anticipation stimuli during the follicular and luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. Simultaneously, semi-randomized startle probes (105dB) were delivered and the ASR was assessed with electromyography. Compared with control subjects, PMDD patients displayed an enhanced startle modulation by positive and negative anticipation stimuli in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. This finding was mainly driven by increased modulation in the luteal phase in comparison to the follicular phase among PMDD patients but also by an increased modulation in patients compared to controls during luteal phase. This suggests that the neural circuits underlying response to emotional anticipation are more sensitive during this period and emphasize the need of examining the neural correlates of anticipatory processes in women with PMDD.
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| 2. |
- Segebladh, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence of violence exposure in women with premenstrual dysphoric disorder in comparison with other gynecological patients and asymptomatic controls
- 2011
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Ingår i: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0001-6349 .- 1600-0412. ; 90:7, s. 746-752
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. The aim of the present study was to estimate prevalence rates of physical,emotional and sexual abuse in women with premenstrual dysphoric disorder(PMDD) in comparison with gynecological outpatients and asymptomatic healthycontrol subjects. Design. Cross-sectional study. Settings. Departments of obstetricsand gynecology in three different Swedish hospitals. Population. Fifty-eightwomen meeting strict criteria for PMDD, a control group of 102 women seekingcare at the gynecological outpatient clinic (ObGyn controls) and 47 asymptomatichealthy control subjects were included in this study. Methods. The Swedish versionof the Abuse Assessment Screen was used to collect information on physical andsexual abuse, and the screening instrument was administered as a face-to-face interview.Main Outcome Measures. Previous and ongoing physical and sexual abuse.Results. Any lifetime abuse (physical, emotional or sexual) was reported by 31.0%of PMDD patients, by 39.2% of ObGyn controls and by 21.3% of healthy controls.The ObGyn controls reported physical and/or emotional abuse significantly moreoften than PMDD patients as well as healthy controls (p<0.05). Lifetime sexualabuse was reported significantly more often by ObGyn controls than by healthycontrols (p<0.05). Conclusions. Patients with PMDD appear not to have sufferedphysical, emotional or sexual abuse to a greater extent than other gynecologicalpatients or healthy control subjects. However, exposure to violence was common inall groups of interviewed women, and for the individual patient these experiencesmay contribute to their experience of symptoms.
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