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- Gunduz, C., et al.
(författare)
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Hyperlipidaemia prevalence and cholesterol control in obstructive sleep apnoea: Data from the European sleep apnea database (ESADA)
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Internal Medicine. - : Wiley. - 0954-6820 .- 1365-2796. ; 286:6, s. 676-688
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and objective Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and hyperlipidaemia are independent risk factors for cardiovascular disease. This study investigates the association between OSA and prevalence of hyperlipidaemia in patients of the European Sleep Apnea Database (ESADA) cohort. Methods The cross-sectional analysis included 11 892 patients (age 51.9 +/- 12.5 years, 70% male, body mass index (BMI) 31.3 +/- 6.6 kg/m(2), mean oxygen desaturation index (ODI) 23.7 +/- 25.5 events/h) investigated for OSA. The independent odds ratio (OR) for hyperlipidaemia in relation to measures of OSA (ODI, apnoea-hypopnoea index, mean and lowest oxygen saturation) was determined by means of general linear model analysis with adjustment for important confounders such as age, BMI, comorbidities and study site. Results Hyperlipidaemia prevalence increased from 15.1% in subjects without OSA to 26.1% in those with severe OSA, P < 0.001. Corresponding numbers in patients with diabetes were 8.5% and 41.5%, P < 0.001. Compared with ODI quartile I, patients in ODI quartiles II-IV had an adjusted OR (95% CI) of 1.33 (1.15-1.55), 1.37 (1.17-1.61) and 1.33 (1.12-1.58) (P < 0.001), respectively, for hyperlipidaemia. Obesity was defined as a significant risk factor for hyperlipidaemia. Subgroups of OSA patients with cardio-metabolic comorbidities demonstrated higher prevalence of HL. In addition, differences in hyperlipidaemia prevalence were reported in European geographical regions with the highest prevalence in Central Europe. Conclusion Obstructive sleep apnoea, in particular intermittent hypoxia, was independently associated with the prevalence of hyperlipidaemia diagnosis.
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- Marrone, Oreste, et al.
(författare)
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Chronic kidney disease in European patients with obstructive sleep apnea: the ESADA cohort study
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Sleep Research. - : Wiley. - 0962-1105 .- 1365-2869. ; 25, s. 739-745
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2016 European Sleep Research Society The cross-sectional relationship of obstructive sleep apnea with moderate to severe chronic kidney disease, defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate <60mLmin−1∙1.73m−2, was investigated in a large cohort of patients with suspected obstructive sleep apnea studied by nocturnal polysomnography or cardiorespiratory polygraphy. Data were obtained from the European Sleep Apnea Database, where information from unselected adult patients with suspected obstructive sleep apnea afferent to 26 European sleep centres had been prospectively collected. Both the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease and the Chronic Kidney Disease-Epidemiology Collaboration equations were used for the assessment of estimated glomerular filtration rate. The analysed sample included 7700 subjects, 71% male, aged 51.9±12.5years. Severe obstructive sleep apnea (apnea–hypopnea index ≥30) was found in 34% of subjects. The lowest nocturnal oxygen saturation was 81±10.2%. Chronic kidney disease prevalence in the whole sample was 8.7% or 6.1%, according to the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease or the Chronic Kidney Disease-Epidemiology Collaboration equations, respectively. Subjects with lower estimated glomerular filtration rate were older, more obese, more often female, had worse obstructive sleep apnea and more co-morbidities (P<0.001, each). With both equations, independent predictors of estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 were: chronic heart failure; female gender; systemic hypertension; older age; higher body mass index; and worse lowest nocturnal oxygen saturation. It was concluded that in obstructive sleep apnea, chronic kidney disease is largely predicted by co-morbidities and anthropometric characteristics. In addition, severe nocturnal hypoxaemia, even for only a small part of the night, may play an important role as a risk factor for kidney dysfunction.
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- Barbe, MF, et al.
(författare)
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Sickness behaviors (reduced social interaction and pain behaviors) are linked to inflammatory mechanisms in a rat model of work-related musculoskeletal disorders
- 2016
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting. - : Sage Publications. - 1541-9312 .- 2169-5067 .- 1071-1813. ; 60:1, s. 975-979
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We sought to determine if sickness behaviors (decreased social interaction and pain) are induced in a rat model of work-related overuse and effectiveness of anti-inflammatory treatments. Rats first trained to learn a high force reaching task (15 min/week day for 6 wks), with subsets treated prophylactically with ibuprofen or anti-TNFalpha. Others performed a high repetition high force (HRHF) task for 6 or 12 weeks (2 hrs/day, 3 days/wk) untreated, or with ibuprofen, anti-TNFalpha or rest treatments beginning task week 5. Untreated HRHF rats had increased IL-1beta, IL-6 and TNFalpha in serum and brain, increased Substance P in spinal cord, decreased social interaction and increased forepaw allodynia. Secondary antiinflammatory treatments attenuated social interaction and brain changes, but not allodynia or spinal cord changes; rest provided partial attenuation. Prophylactic treatments prevented all changes. Thus, inflammatory mechanisms mediate the development of sickness behaviors induced by work-related overuse, but not maintenance of allodynia.
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- Dembek, Till A., et al.
(författare)
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Probabilistic mapping of deep brain stimulation effects in essential tremor
- 2017
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Ingår i: NeuroImage. - : Elsevier. - 2213-1582. ; 13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectiveTo create probabilistic stimulation maps (PSMs) of deep brain stimulation (DBS) effects on tremor suppression and stimulation-induced side-effects in patients with essential tremor (ET).MethodMonopolar reviews from 16 ET-patients which consisted of over 600 stimulation settings were used to create PSMs. A spherical model of the volume of neural activation was used to estimate the spatial extent of DBS for each setting. All data was pooled and voxel-wise statistical analysis as well as nonparametric permutation testing was used to confirm the validity of the PSMs.ResultsPSMs showed tremor suppression to be more pronounced by stimulation in the zona incerta (ZI) than in the ventral intermediate nucleus (VIM). Paresthesias and dizziness were most commonly associated with stimulation in the ZI and surrounding thalamic nuclei.DiscussionOur results support the assumption, that the ZI might be a very effective target for tremor suppression. However stimulation inside the ZI and in its close vicinity was also related to the occurrence of stimulation-induced side-effects, so it remains unclear whether the VIM or the ZI is the overall better target. The study demonstrates the use of PSMs for target selection and evaluation. While their accuracy has to be carefully discussed, they can improve the understanding of DBS effects and can be of use for other DBS targets in the therapy of neurological or psychiatric disorders as well. Furthermore they provide a priori information about expected DBS effects in a certain region and might be helpful to clinicians in programming DBS devices in the future.Abbreviations: DBS, Deep brain stimulation; ET, Essential tremor; PSA, Posterior subthalamic area; PSM, Probabilistic stimulation map; VIM, Ventral intermediate nucleus; VNA, Volume of neural activation; ZI, Zona incerta
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| 8. |
- Gündüz, Canan, et al.
(författare)
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Obstructive sleep apnoea independently predicts lipid levels: Data from the European Sleep Apnea Database.
- 2018
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Ingår i: Respirology (Carlton, Vic.). - : Wiley. - 1440-1843 .- 1323-7799. ; 23:12, s. 1180-1189
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and dyslipidaemia are independent risk factors for cardiovascular disease. This study investigates the association between OSA and plasma lipid concentrations in patients enrolled in the European Sleep Apnea Database (ESADA) cohort.The cross-sectional analysis included 8592 patients without physician-diagnosed hyperlipidaemia or reported intake of a lipid-lowering drug (age 50.1±12.7years, 69.1% male, BMI: 30.8±6.6kg/m2 , mean apnoea-hypopnoea index (AHI): 25.7±25.9 events/h). The independent relationship between measures of OSA (AHI, oxygen desaturation index (ODI), mean and lowest oxygen saturation) and lipid profile (total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and fasting triglycerides (TG)) was determined by means of general linear model analysis.There was a dose response relationship between TC and ODI (mean±SE (mg/dL): 180.33±2.46, 184.59±2.42, 185.44±2.42 and 185.73±2.44; P <0.001 across ODI quartiles I-IV). TG and LDL concentrations were better predicted by AHI than by ODI. HDL-C was significantly reduced in the highest AHI quartile (mean±SE (mg/dL): 48.8±1.49 vs 46.50±1.48; P =0.002, AHI quartile I vs IV). Morbid obesity was associated with lower TC and higher HDL-C values. Lipid status was influenced by geographical location with the highest TC concentration recorded in Northern Europe.OSA severity was independently associated with cholesterol and TG concentrations.
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| 9. |
- Mestres, Gemma, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
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Advantages of microfluidic systems for studying cell-biomaterial interactions : focus on bone regeneration applications
- 2019
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Ingår i: Biomedical Engineering & Physics Express. - : IOP Publishing. - 2057-1976. ; 5:3
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The poor correlation between in vitro and in vivo studies emphasises the lack of a reliable methodology for testing the biological properties of biomaterials in the bone tissue regeneration field. Moreover, the success of clinical trials is not guaranteed even with promising results in vivo. Therefore, there is a need for a more physiologically relevant in vitro model to test the biological properties of biomaterials. Microfluidics, which is a field concerning the manipulation and control of liquids at the submillimetre scale, can use channel geometry, cell confinement and fluid flow to recreate a physiological-like environment. This technology has already proven to be a powerful tool in studying the biological response of cells in defined environments, since chemical and mechanical inputs as well as cross-talk between cells can be finely controlled. Moving a step further in complexity, biomaterials can be integrated into microfluidic systems to evaluate biomaterial-cell interactions. The biomaterial- microfluidics combination has the potential to produce more physiologically relevant models to better screen the biological interactions established between biomaterials and cells. This review is divided into two main sections. First, several possible cell-based assays for bone regeneration studies in microfluidic systems are discussed. Second, and the ultimate goal of the review, is to discuss how the gap between in vitro and in vivo studies can be shortened by bridging the biomaterials and microfluidics fields.
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| 10. |
- Searle, Sean, 1991-, et al.
(författare)
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Hyaluronic acid based hydrogel droplets: A potential injectable cell culture scaffold
- 2018
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- IntroductionCell culture scaffolds such as hydrogels give support and structure for cultured cells in 3D environments that better mimic in vivo conditions [1]. Hyaluronic acid (HA) derived hydrogels are particularly attractive scaffold materials, due to their high water content, and its high presence in the extracellular matrix of a multitude of tissues in the human body [2]. Adequate diffusion of oxygen and nutrients however, is generally limited to a depth of 200 µm in bulk hydrogels [3], heavily limiting their applicability to relatively large size constructs. We propose the use of droplet-based microfluidics to produce monodisperse HA-derived injectable microgel droplets which could enable the diffusion of nutrients and metabolites, while maintaining a size in which encapsulating sufficient cells to allow cell-cell interactions and proliferation would be possible. Experimental resultsHyaluronic acid acrylamide (HA-am) was synthesized by partially modifying high molecular weight sodium hyaluronan with a N-(2-aminoethyl)acrylamide linker. Degree of modification was confirmed by NMR to be of 20%. HA-am bulk hydrogels were formed by exposing a solution of HA-am and photoinitiator Irgacure 2959 (0.4 % w/v) to a UV light source of 365 nm wavelength. Gel droplets were produced in a PDMS microfluidic device designed in a flow focusing geometry. In order to simulate cell encapsulation in the microgel, hydrogel precursor mixtures were prepared as for bulk hydrogels with the addition of polystyrene beads (10µm in diameter) at a concentration of 10 million beads ml-1. For the oil phase, a fluorinated oil (Novec 7500, 3M) with 0.5% surfactant (PicoSurf 1) was used. The flow rates for the oil phase and aqueous phase were adjusted to 15 and 5 µl min-1, respectively to produce highly monodisperse droplets of 151 µm in average diameter. Collected droplets were polymerized by exposing to UV light, washed and transferred to an aqueous solution. ConclusionHighly monodisperse microgels containing microbeads were obtained. We demonstrate that photocrosslinkable hydrogel droplets can be produced from HA-am in a microfluidic flow-focusing chip which could enable the encapsulation of cells and the use of the droplets as injectable cell culture scaffolds. References[1] G. D. Nicodemus and S. J. Bryant, “Cell Encapsulation in Biodegradable Hydrogels for Tissue Engineering Applications,” Tissue Eng. Part B Rev., vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 149–165, Jun. 2008.[2] J. A. Burdick and G. D. Prestwich, “Hyaluronic acid hydrogels for biomedical applications,” Adv. Mater., vol. 23, no. 12, pp. 41–56, Mar. 2011.[3] H. Huang, Y. Yu, Y. Hu, X. He, O. Berk Usta, and M. L. Yarmush, “Generation and manipulation of hydrogel microcapsules by droplet-based microfluidics for mammalian cell culture,” Lab Chip, vol. 17, no. 11, pp. 1913–1932, 2017.
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