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- Bartfai, Aniko, et al.
(författare)
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Impaired cognitive functioning in stress-induced exhaustion disorder : a new tablet-based assessment
- 2021
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Ingår i: BMC Psychiatry. - : BioMed Central. - 1471-244X. ; 21:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background The adverse health effects of stress induced exhaustion disorder (SED) cause increasing concern in Western societies. This disorder is characterized by severe fatigue, decreased tolerance to further stress, and attention and memory lapses. Despite subjective complaints, individual cognitive deficits are not always detected in a clinical setting, which calls for the validation of more sensitive instruments. Aim The objective of this study was to investigate if a short, tablet-based serial naming task, MapCog Spectra (MCS) could be used as a marker for cognitive problems in SED. Participants The study comprised of 39 subjects (35 females, four males) with SED. Their mean age was 46,8 years (SD 10.1; range 30-60 yrs.). All participants were healthcare professionals, with a college or university degree, doctors, registered nurses, and psychologists. Methods The MCS was used to assess the number of aberrant pauses during serial naming of coloured geometrical shapes. The Coding, Matrix Reasoning, Digit Span, Symbol Search of the WAIS-IV, and RUFF 2&7 tests, were administered together with a short interview. Results Mean values were within normal reference limits for all tests, except for the MCS, which showed a significantly higher number of aberrant pauses (p < 0,001) in the SED group, compared to normal reference values. Although subjects performed within normal limits on the RUFF 2&7, a significant difference between individuals was found in the performance strategy of the participants. Conclusion Here we report that subjects with SED have performance deficits on the MCS, in terms of aberrant pause times, despite average performance on WAIS-IV tests measuring inductive reasoning, processing speed, working memory, and attention. We also demonstrate that subjects use different strategies to overcome their problems. These findings add to the growing evidence of cognitive deficits in SED and that the MCS might aid neuropsychologists in disentangling cognitive markers, important to substantiate the subjective complaints of affected individuals.
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| 2. |
- Bartfai, Aniko, et al.
(författare)
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Predicting Outcome for Early Attention Training After Acquired Brain Injury
- 2022
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience. - : FRONTIERS MEDIA SA. - 1662-5161. ; 16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundThe training of impaired attention after acquired brain injury is central for successful reintegration in daily living, social, and working life. Using statistical process control, we found different improvement trajectories following attention training in a group of relatively homogeneous patients early after acquired brain injury (ABI). ObjectiveTo examine the contribution of pre-injury factors and clinical characteristics to differences in outcome after early attention training. Materials and MethodsData collected in a clinical trial comparing systematic attention training (APT) with activity-based attention training (ABAT) early after brain injury were reanalyzed. ResultsStroke patients (p = 0.004) with unifocal (p = 0.002) and right hemisphere lesions (p = 0.045), and those with higher mental flexibility (TMT 4) (p = 0.048) benefitted most from APT training. Cognitive reserve (p = 0.030) was associated with CHANGE and APT as the sole pre-injury factor. For TBI patients, there was no statistical difference between the two treatments. ConclusionOur study identifies indiscernible factors predicting improvement after early attention training. APT is beneficial for patients with right-hemispheric stroke in an early recovery phase. Knowledge of prognostic factors, including the level of attention deficit, diagnosis, and injury characteristics, is vital to maximizing the efficiency of resource allocation and the effectiveness of rehabilitative interventions to enhance outcomes following stroke and TBI.
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| 3. |
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Klinisk neuropsykologi
- 2023
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Klinisk neuropsykologi är en grundbok om sambandet mellan beteende och hjärnans funktioner. Denna tredje reviderade och utökade upplaga innehåller ett flertal nyskrivna och helt nytillkomna kapitel, såsom Läkemedel och kognition, Digital testning, Symptom- och prestationsvaliditet samt ett kapitel om hjärntrötthet, Kognitiv fatigue. Del I inleds med Teorier och modeller för de viktigaste funktionsområdena, som uppmärksamhet, emotioner, språk, minne, spatial förmåga och exekutiva funktioner. I del II beskrivs Utredning och diagnostik. Här finns anvisningar för undersökning och bedömning med såväl traditionella som digitala psykologiska test samt ett nytt kapitel om den kliniska användningen av tekniker för att avbilda hjärnans struktur och funktion. I det nyskrivna kapitlet om Lurias teori och bedömningsmetod kopplas dessa till modern neurovetenskap. Del III, Skador och störningar, beskriver de kognitiva följderna av de vanligaste somatiska tillstånden, medan del IV ägnas åt Neuropsykiatriska tillstånd. Här finns ett helt nytt kapitel om Utvecklingsrelaterade funktionsnedsättningar. Del V, Behandling och åtgärder, är betydligt utökad, och innehåller ett kapitel där utvecklingen och evidensläget inom Kognitiv rehabilitering beskrivs. Klinisk neuropsykologi vänder sig till alla som behöver kunskaper om hjärnan och beteendet; främst blivande psykologer, studenter och yrkesverksamma inom hälso- och sjukvård, skola och i olika typer av omsorgsverksamhet.
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| 4. |
- Markovic, Gabriela, et al.
(författare)
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BENEFICIAL EFFECTS OF EARLY ATTENTION PROCESS TRAINING AFTER ACQUIRED BRAIN INJURY: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. - : FOUNDATION REHABILITATION INFORMATION. - 1650-1977 .- 1651-2081. ; 52:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Evaluation of outcome after intensive cognitive rehabilitation early after brain injury is complicated due to the ongoing biological recovery process. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of Attention Process Training early after acquired brain injury through time-series measurement with statistical process control. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Method: Patients with acquired brain injury (n=59) within 4 months post-injury in interdisciplinary rehabilitation received an additional 20 h of attention training with Attention Process Training or with activity-based attention training. The primary outcome variable was Paced Auditory Serial Attention Test (PASAT) evaluated using statistical process control. Results: Both groups improved (p amp;lt; 0.001), although a higher number of patients improved with attention process training (chi(2) (1, n= 59) = 5.93, p= 0.015) and the variability was significantly decreased. The Attention Process Training group maintained or improved performance at 6 months follow-up (chi(2) (1, n=51)=6,847, p= 0.033). Attention Process Training required fewer intervention hours for improvement. Based on individual performance, 3 improvement trajectories were identified: stationary, steady, and rapid improvers. Conclusion: The results indicate that attention training is promising early after acquired brain injury and that Attention Process Training boosts functional improvement. Notably, in the present group of relatively homogeneous patients, 3 different trajectories were identified for recovery after acquired brain injury regardless of intervention.
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| 5. |
- Sargenius Landahl, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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Is a structured work task application for the assessment of work performance in a constructed environment, useful for patients with attention deficits?
- 2021
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Ingår i: Disability and Rehabilitation. - : TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD. - 0963-8288 .- 1464-5165. ; 43:12, s. 1699-1709
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The purpose of our study was to develop a Structured Work Task application for the Assessment of Work Performance for patients with attention deficits. Material and methods: We developed a computer-based registration task titled the Attention-demanding Registration Task. It had a structured administrative procedure with additional scoring regarding time and accuracy, also linked to the original scoring of the Assessment of Work Performance. We evaluated the Attention-demanding Registration Task for content validity. Furthermore, we investigated it concerning sensitivity and specificity in patients with attention deficits due to acquired brain injury (n = 65) against a comparison group of healthy people (n = 47). Results: Our investigation on content validity using the Assessment of Work Characteristics confirmed that the Attention-demanding Registration Task sets high demands on process skills, especially on energy, temporal organization, and adaptation. The Attention-demanding Registration Task showed high sensitivity and specificity in differing between patients with attention deficits and a healthy working group; nine out of ten participants were placed in the correct group. Conclusions: To assess work performance, the use of a Structured Work Task application, the Attention-demanding Registration Task, linked with the Assessment of Work Performance, proved to be sensitive to attention deficits.
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