| 1. |
- Florén, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Additive manufacturing technologies and business models – a systematic literature review
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management. - Bingley : Emerald Group Holdings Ltd.. - 1741-038X .- 1758-7786. ; 32:1, s. 136-155
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: This paper reviews research on the intersection between additive manufacturing technologies (AMTs) and business models (BM). The purpose of the review is to synthesize past research for the benefit of researchers, to describe the dominant research themes and aggregated research questions and to identify research gaps in the literature. Design/methodology/approach: A systematic literature review of secondary data was conducted. The 288 publications in the review appeared in peer-reviewed journal articles, conference proceedings papers and book chapters. All publications are listed in this paper by publication year and publication source. The review also distinguishes between empirical and non-empirical studies, describes methodological approaches and categorizes the publications by unit of analysis and by theme. Findings: Research on the intersection between AMT and BM, which has increased significantly in the last three years, reflects firms' and industries' growing interest in digital manufacturing processes. This review identifies twelve dominant themes in the literature that contribute important insights to the field. Aggregated research questions are identified in each theme. Research advances and gaps are presented. Four themes relate directly to BM: (1) BM types, (2) BM and technology, (3) BM design and processes and (4) BM value and supply chains. Originality/value: This review is the first systematic literature review on the intersection between AMT and BM. As such, the review provides a guide for researchers as they explore gaps in the research and develop research questions on an aggregated level. The review also supports users of such technologies as they review their business practices and models in the so-called Digital Revolution.
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| 2. |
- Barth, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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A New Retinal Detachment Treatment Model for Evaluation of Vitreous Tamponades
- 2021
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Ingår i: Current Eye Research. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0271-3683 .- 1460-2202. ; 46:3, s. 373-379
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: To develop a treatment model of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) in which the effects of various vitreous tamponades can be explored.METHODS: In a primary session, detachment was produced in the right eye of 24 rabbits using vitrectomy, posterior vitreous detachment, retinal break induction, and subretinal injection of viscoelastic solution. The following day, detachments were treated in 16 eyes using SF6 (n = 8) or Healaflow® (HF, a cross-linked hyaluronic acid hydrogel, n = 8) tamponade. Animals were followed for 1 month and thereafter examined macroscopically and morphologically in hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections.RESULTS: Retinal detachment (RD) was successfully treated using repeated surgery. Two HF eyes developed progressive vitritis and were excluded from further evaluation. Enlargement of the initial retinal rupture with concomitant RD was seen in 4/8 SF6 eyes, while all 6 HF eyes displayed an attached retina. Attached areas showed a normal retinal morphology except for in 1 HF eye with extensive degeneration.CONCLUSIONS: The RRD repeat vitrectomy model offers a possibility to explore the efficacy and complications of novel potential vitreous tamponades. Gel-based Healaflow® displays excellent anatomic reattachment, however, vitritis and retinal degeneration in some cases warrants further investigation.
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| 3. |
- Barth, Henrik, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Biomass – a Resource for Sustainability? A Literature Review of Business Models
- 2022
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Ingår i: Proceedings IFKAD. - : Insitute of Knowledge Asset Management (IKAM). - 9788896687154 ; , s. 289-311
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The research on business model innovation in certain business energy sectors is limited. This paper, which reviews the business model literature in the biomass energy sector, identifies trends as well as challenges and complications in the use of biomass. We used seven data bases to search for relevant international, peer-reviewed research on business models and biomass. In our initial database search, we identified 287 relevant articles published in the years 1990 to 2020. After elimination of duplicate articles, we had a collection of 170 articles. We used Zotero software to refine our search. After application of our criteria, 146 articles remained. Further analysis reduced our review to 95 articles that had a theoretical focus on business models and biomass. Our review presents various data for the articles including author affiliation by country, article publication date, article title, journal of publication, journal impact factor, country of empirical data, unit of analysis. research methodology, and topics addressed. Additionally, our review reveals trends (e.g., research/practice challenges and implications) in the study of business models and the biomass energy sector as reflected in the reviewed articles. To our knowledge, this is the first literature review of peer-reviewed journal articles on business models and the biomass industry. By limiting our final review to the 95 theoretical articles we identified, we provide researchers and practitioners with sources of recent discussions and analyses on the trends, challenges, and implications related to the use of biomass in energy production.
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| 4. |
- Barth, Henrik, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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From Traditional Manufacturing to Digital Manufacturing : Two Swedish Case Studies
- 2023
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Ingår i: Innovation - Research and Development for Human, Economic and Institutional Growth. - Rijeka : InTech. - 9781837689965 - 9781837689972 - 9781837689989
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Digital manufacturing can produce new and advanced tools more rapidly and at lower cost than traditional manufacturing. This new technology means manufacturers need to develop innovative business models adapted to this change in the manufacturing landscape. With digital manufacturing, companies have both an opportunity and a challenge. They can enter new markets where large-scale production provides competitive advantage. They can enter niche markets that become more attractive as old boundaries and structures lose relevance. Yet their additive manufactured components must meet the same standards set for conventional manufactured components. However, we know little about how companies manage this change as they make the transition from traditional manufacturing to digital manufacturing. This chapter presents two co-creation digital manufacturing projects between university researchers and Swedish companies. In each project, the goal was to develop sustainable and efficient digital production methods that offer tailor-made product solutions. Various technical methods used in the projects are described as materials, and prototypes are developed, tested, and analyzed.
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| 5. |
- Barth, Henrik, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Harder Than You Think – Immigrant Labor Market Integration in Agricultural Sector
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Working Life Studies. - Aarhus : VIA University College. - 2245-0157. ; 13:1, s. 27-48
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The recent forced migration to Europe has created more challenges for the labor market integration. However, the Swedish government encourages unemployed immigrants to seek employment in the farming, gardening, and forestry industries. Thus, this article focuses on the matching process in the Swedish agricultural sector by using an exploratory, qualitative, in-depth interview with representatives involved in the matching process. Immigrants experience challenges of Swedish language proficiency, lacking a driving license and adapting to new cultures in the workplace, while employers attribute challenges of effective hiring process and the absence of evidence of immigrants’ work experience. Furthermore, the employment service offices struggle with scant knowledge of agricultural employment that needs to be combined with limited contact with employers and the bureaucratic delays caused by requirements of qualifications validation. The paper concludes with a Labour Market Matching Model, which focuses on critical aspects before, during, and after the matching process.
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| 6. |
- Barth, Henrik, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Immigrant entrepreneurship in Sweden : The liability of newness
- 2020
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Ingår i: Sustainability. - Basel : MDPI. - 2071-1050. ; 12:16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Immigrant entrepreneurs face many challenges in the various early phases of their companies' existence. These challenges are often referred to as "the liability of newness". While some of these challenges are common to all entrepreneurs, the immigrant entrepreneur has an additional set of challenges. This article describes those challenges in the immigrant entrepreneurial experience in the Swedish agri-food industry. A qualitative research design is used. Interviews were conducted with 25 immigrant entrepreneurs who planned a business, had started a business, or had exited a business. Various websites and tax reports provided secondary data. The research, which covered a two-year time frame, identifies the strategies and actions the immigrant entrepreneurs adopted and used to try to overcome those challenges. The following strategies and actions were identified: use of business support, virtual embeddedness, family and ethnic groups, entrepreneurial experience, and niche markets. The companies in which the entrepreneurs recognized the gravity of those challenges early in their life cycle were more likely to survive beyond the start-up phase. The article, which also reviews much of the current literature on immigrant entrepreneurship, has implications for business support advisory services and policymakers who are involved in the effort to achieve economic (and social-cultural) integration of immigrants into their host countries. © 2020 by the authors.
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| 7. |
- Barth, Henrik, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Refugee entrepreneurship in the agri-food industry : The Swedish experience
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Rural Studies. - Oxford : Elsevier. - 0743-0167 .- 1873-1392. ; 86, s. 189-197
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Following the recent mass migration of refugees to the European Union in 2015 and 2016, many EU countries took significant steps aimed at improving the socio-economic integration of the refugees. This study examines refugee entrepreneurship in rural areas in Sweden as evidenced in the agri-food industry. Entrepreneurship is often considered a sustainable activity that can promote refugees' economic independence and social integration. The rural setting offers promising employment opportunities for refugees with agricultural backgrounds or interest. Qualitative research methodology, based on 25 in-depth, semi-structured interviews with refugees, is used to examine refugee entrepreneurs’ experiences in the various phases of the entrepreneurial process, from start-up and growth to success/exit. The study found that refugee entrepreneurs are motivated and challenged variously as they start and operate their entrepreneurial activities. For example, they are motivated by the discovery of niche markets, previous entrepreneurial experience, and the availability of family and government support. Challenges include legislative hurdles, management and technical problems, and insufficient financial and other support. Factors both within and outside their control influence the survival of their entrepreneurship. © 2021
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| 8. |
- Barth, Henrik, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Towards a Mass Customised Healthcare - Healthcareprofessionals Experience of AI
- 2024
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A growing and aging population provides challenges for the healthcare sector, generating higher healthcare costs, and ineffective work process that results in long patient queues and problems with recruiting and retaining healthcare professionals. Artificial intelligence (AI) is considered as one means to provide efficient processes for healthcare professionals, e.g. in diagnostics and treatment recommendations. However, research has shown that there are many obstacles to successfully introducing and using AI applications in healthcare, especially by focusing on the organizational level. However, individual healthcare professionals have an important role to play in the transition towards information driven healthcare. Therefore, we address the healthcare professionals' perception of the usefulness and value of AI applications, as well as challenges and considerations of this new technology. The study is based on an exploratory approach with more than 350 healthcare professionals in Sweden, carried out beginning of 2024. The questionnaire includes perceptions of the use of AI and identifies potential challenges that need to be addressed. The respondents include doctors (92%) and nurses (8%). The sample consists of answers from 221 (62%) male and 136 (38%) female respondents. Most of the respondents work in public hospitals (54%) and health centers (20% public and 14% private). Several AI applications are used by healthcare professionals, spanning from administrative work reduction to new insights in the analysis of complex cases.Thematic analysis is conducted to create a model of perception of usefulness, values and problems (barriers). The analysis includes a stepwise analysis to identify patterns and themes.The results from the project provide insights into how the introduction of AI applications in healthcare changes the work of healthcare professionals and the perceived challenges that need to be addressed to improve their work by using AI. To some extent, implementation and use is based on healthcare professionals’ interest in using new advanced technology but for others the decision to adopt AI is primarily based on formal decisions within the organization. Respondents that have been using AI for at least six months, indicate AI supports decision making, with the main benefit consisting of a more effective and faster work process, while other respondents do not perceive any changes. A surprising result is that healthcare professionals have identified the possibility to test and evaluate new ideas and more complex cases. One interpretation is that AI has made the workload easier, which may allow for more innovative work. Another interpretation is that their experience-based knowledge is augmented by AI, and this makes it possible for them to handle more complex cases. However, others experience a learning paradox – challenging to find time and learn how to use the technology, while at the same time adopting by testing AI applications.Conclusions drawn from the ongoing study provide insights on the transformation phase towards implementing and using AI applications in healthcare.
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| 9. |
- Barth, Henrik, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Unpacking sustainable business models in the Swedish agricultural sector – the challenges of technological, social and organisational innovation
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Cleaner Production. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 0959-6526 .- 1879-1786. ; 304
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The global challenges of today are many, and one of the most concerning aspects relates to food production for an increasing global population. The sustainability of doing ‘more of the same thing’ is being increasingly called into question. Several sustainable business model frameworks have been presented in recent years to address these challenges, but our knowledge is limited about the change processes of the agricultural sector. This paper aims to increase our understanding of how sustainable business models have developed in the agricultural sector in Sweden. It maps eight archetypes of sustainable business models, clustered in three groups, with a focus on the technological, social, and organisational innovation components at agri-food companies. The study takes a quantitative, methodological approach, conducting a telephone survey with owners and managers of 1143 agri-food companies in Sweden, and using analysis of variance (ANOVA) for the analysis. The paper provides empirical evidence on the various options for sustainable business models that Swedish agri-food companies use. No major differences were found with respect to technical or social innovation components in the three regions: East, south, and north Sweden. However, significant differences were found between the regions with respect to the organisational innovation component. The organisational innovation component is based on two sustainable business model archetypes, namely, repurpose for society/environment and develop scale up solutions. North Sweden had a higher degree of organisational innovation than both south and east Sweden. The reason for this could be the larger environmental, economic, and organizational challenges in north Sweden compared to the rest of the country, which makes the need for innovation stronger. The paper also suggests new areas for researchers and practical avenues for stakeholders in the agricultural sector (and other industries) to translate social and environmental value creation into economic profit and competitive advantage. To our knowledge, this is the first study to use sustainable business model archetypes in an empirical setting in the agricultural sector. © 2021 The Authors
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| 10. |
- Barth, Maren S., et al.
(författare)
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Emergency exit layout planning using optimization and agent-based simulation
- 2024
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Ingår i: Computational Management Science. - : SPRINGER HEIDELBERG. - 1619-697X .- 1619-6988. ; 21:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Evacuation preparedness includes ensuring proper infrastructure, resources and planning for moving people from a dangerous area to safety. This is especially important and challenging during mass gatherings, such as large concerts. In this paper, we present the Emergency Exit Layout Problem (EELP) which is the problem of locating a given number of emergency exits and deciding their width such that the time it takes to evacuate the crowd from an arena is minimized. The EELP takes into account the geography of the arena and its surroundings, as well as the number of pedestrians in the crowd and the distribution of these within the arena. The EELP is formulated as a two-stage stochastic mixed integer linear program to handle the uncertainty related to the location of the possible incidents and the distribution of the pedestrians. Two cases are studied, a large concert planned at the Leangen trotting track in Trondheim and a smaller indoor arena. For each case, the EELP is solved for different scenarios, and the suggested layouts are evaluated using an agent-based simulation model. In particular, the potential of incorporating detailed assessment regarding the location and probability of specific incidents and the distribution of pedestrians are investigated. The computational study shows that making a more detailed risk assessment has little effect on the large concert, but a significant impact on the location of the emergency exits for the smaller indoor case. The results also indicate that it is more important to consider the location and probability of specific incidents rather than the pedestrian distribution.
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