| 1. |
- Bartolino, Valerio
(författare)
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'Adaptation science' is needed to inform the sustainable management of the world's oceans in the face of climate change
- 2022
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Ingår i: ICES Journal of Marine Science. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1054-3139 .- 1095-9289. ; 79, s. 457-462
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The global response to the challenge of increasingly rapid and severe climate change is shifting from a focus on mitigation and remediation of impacts to a pragmatic adaptation framework. Innovative adaptive solutions that transform the way in which we manage the world's oceans and, particularly, the harvesting of marine resources in a sustainable manner, are urgently needed. In that context, ICES Journal of Marine Science solicited contributions to the themed article set (TS), "Exploring adaptation capacity of the world's oceans and marine resources to climate change". We summarize the contributions included in this TS that provide examples of emerging climate change impacts, assess system risks at subnational and international scales, prove and evaluate different adaptation options and approaches, and explore societal and stakeholder perceptions. We also provide some "food for thought" on possible future developments in a transdisciplinary "adaptation science" working at the interface between ecology, socio-economics, and policy-governance, and that will have to provide concrete solutions to the challenges represented by climate-change and anthropogenic activity. Success will depend on the extent to which new knowledge and approaches can be integrated into the decision-making process to support evidence-based climate policy and ecosystem-based management. This includes testing their effectiveness in real systems, but also consider how social acceptance of adaptive measures will/will not support their full implementation.
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| 2. |
- Bartolino, Valerio
(författare)
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Caught in the middle: bottom-up and top-down processes impacting recruitment in a small pelagic fish
- 2023
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Ingår i: Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0960-3166 .- 1573-5184. ; 33, s. 55-84
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Understanding the drivers behind fluctuations in fish populations remains a key objective in fishery science. Our predictive capacity to explain these fluctuations is still relatively low, due to the amalgam of interacting bottom-up and top-down factors, which vary across time and space among and within populations. Gaining a mechanistic understanding of these recruitment drivers requires a holistic approach, combining field, experimental and modelling efforts. Here, we use the Western Baltic Spring-Spawning (WBSS) herring (Clupea harengus) to exemplify the power of this holistic approach and the high complexity of the recruitment drivers (and their interactions). Since the early 2000s, low recruitment levels have promoted intense research on this stock. Our literature synthesis suggests that the major drivers are habitat compression of the spawning beds (due to eutrophication and coastal modification mainly) and warming, which indirectly leads to changes in spawning phenology, prey abundance and predation pressure. Other factors include increased intensity of extreme climate events and new predators in the system. Four main knowledge gaps were identified related to life-cycle migration and habitat use, population structure and demographics, life-stage specific impact of multi-stressors, and predator-prey interactions. Specific research topics within these areas are proposed, as well as the priority to support a sustainable management of the stock. Given that the Baltic Sea is severely impacted by warming, eutrophication and altered precipitation, WBSS herring could be a harbinger of potential effects of changing environmental drivers to the recruitment of small pelagic fishes in other coastal areas in the world.
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| 3. |
- Bartolino, Valerio, et al.
(författare)
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Potential future climate change effects on Swedish fish and fisheries
- 2023
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Oceans have been warming at an unprecedented rate over the last few decades and climate change is having profound effects on biodiversity and other ecosystem services that oceans provide for human well-being. The motivation for this report is a strong need to understand the consequences of climate change on aquatic ecosystems to develop strategies to minimize the impact on fished species, fisheries and society.The introduction and first chapters of the report are based on a literature review, which summarizes the current state of knowledge about climate change in the Swedish marine and coastal areas, patterns emerging from the main climate scenarios, and potential effects on fish and fisheries. This is followed by an analysis of species environmental limits and tolerances to a warming environment, focusing on selected fish and invertebrate species of commercial relevance. Thermal safety margins show a smaller buffer for species of boreal origin including the northern shrimp, the gadoids and vendace, among others. Analyses of preferred spawning temperatures and depths enable a preliminary overview of the potential sensitivities of species to a warming environment, showing inter alia that species requiring shallow and cold waters for reproduction are likely more sensitive to the effect of warming. The report also includes a specific analysis of how changes in temperature, salinity and oxygen may affect the availability of suitable spawning and nursery habitats in the Baltic Sea. Usinginformation from recently updated maps of potential spawning and recruitment areas in the Baltic Sea, the potential loss of reproductive grounds is evaluated in an ensemble analysis based onmultiple climate scenarios. Finally, the report includes a climate risk analysis, which integrates information on the stocks' specific susceptibilities to climate change (hazard), with information on the vulnerabilities of the evaluated systems and their exposure to climate change. The integration is carried out at the level of different fishing segments (fleets) and at the level of the different coastal administrative regions in Sweden. Thus, the risk analysis aims to identify the relative distribution of climate risk among fishing fleets and geographical regions, and explores how this may develop under alternative climate scenarios. The results show that the risk ranks higher for the salmon, vendace and shrimp fisheries, while geographically, the northern Baltic Sea ranks higher in risk compared to other regions. Most importantly, the analyses show that the risk is not equally driven by hazard, vulnerability and exposure for the different fleets and regions, suggesting that no single risk-reducing approach is sufficient and appropriate across all areas and fleets. The report concludes with a gap analysis together with suggestions for next steps to improve the state of knowledge and enable more precise risk analyses in the future, as well as with summary conclusions.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Bartolino, Valerio, et al.
(författare)
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Sidney Holt, a giant in the history of fisheries science who focused on the future: his legacy and challenges for present-day marine scientists
- 2021
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Ingår i: ICES Journal of Marine Science. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1054-3139 .- 1095-9289. ; 78, s. 2182-2192
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sidney J. Holt (1926-2019) was more than a founding father of quantitative fisheries science, and the man who "helped save the great whales." His accomplishments, over a career spanning seven decades, run deeper: he was a champion of reductionism (i.e. able to identify the factors essential for management) and a systemic thinker who inspired scientists to think critically about marine conservation and management. This article draws on first-hand experiences with Sidney over the last 15years, when he regularly collaborated with scholars of the ICES Working Group on the History of Fish and Fisheries and the Oceans Past Initiative. Four main themes emerged from our reflections on Sidney's life and legacy, which constitute ongoing scientific challenges: (1) the suitability of maximum sustainable yield as a target reference point for fisheries management; (2) the future of marine mammal conservation; (3) successful implementation of ecosystem-based marine management; and (4) the value of historical perspectives for conservation and management. We consider Sidney's work across these themes, in which he readily collaborated, focused on evidence-based solutions, and, where evidence was lacking, he advocated for the "precautionary principle." We posit there is much that we, and future generations of scientists, can learn from his example.
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| 6. |
- Bartolino, Valerio
(författare)
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Sidney Holt's legacy lives on in fisheries science
- 2021
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Ingår i: ICES Journal of Marine Science. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1054-3139 .- 1095-9289. ; 78, s. 2150-2154
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- On 22 December 2019, the world of fisheries science and whale conservation lost one of its most ardent champions with the passing of Sidney J. Holt. His career began in 1947 at the age of 21. Ten years later, he and his colleague Ray Beverton published their authoritative monograph on quantitative fish population dynamics. In 1953, he joined the Fisheries Division of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization and soon became heavily involved in assessing whale stocks under the auspices of the International Whaling Commission, a role that eventually led to advocating for animal rights and the cessation of commercial whaling. Later in life, he returned to fisheries assessment and management, particularly issues pertaining to the Common Fisheries Policy of the European Union, where he advocated for fishing mortality less than that associated with maximum sustainable yield. This themed set consists of articles written by authors who knew and collaborated with Sidney, who may have met him once or twice at an international meeting, and who only knew of him via his reputation and massive and influential list of publications. Their articles address a wide range of topics relating to his work throughout his career and reflect, in part, the influence that his work has had on thinking about quantitative modelling of animal populations.
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| 7. |
- Bartolino, Valerio, et al.
(författare)
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Sprat (Sprattus sprattus)
- 2023
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Ingår i: Climate effects on fish in Sweden – Species-Climate Information Sheets for 32 key taxa in marine and coastal waters. - 9789180468961 ; :2023:17, s. 155-156
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 8. |
- Bartolino, Valerio
(författare)
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Ten lessons on the resilience of the EU common fisheries policy towards climate change and fuel efficiency - A call for adaptive, flexible and well-informed fisheries management
- 2022
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Ingår i: Frontiers in marine science. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2296-7745. ; 9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To effectively future-proof the management of the European Union fishing fleets we have explored a suite of case studies encompassing the northeast and tropical Atlantic, the Mediterranean, Baltic and Black Seas. This study shows that European Union (EU) fisheries are likely resilient to climate-driven short-term stresses, but may be negatively impacted by long-term trends in climate change. However, fisheries' long-term stock resilience can be improved (and therefore be more resilient to increasing changes in climate) by adopting robust and adaptive fisheries management, provided such measures are based on sound scientific advice which includes uncertainty. Such management requires regular updates of biological reference points. Such updates will delineate safe biological limits for exploitation, providing both high long-term yields with reduced risk of stock collapse when affected by short-term stresses, and enhanced compliance with advice to avoid higher than intended fishing mortality. However, high resilience of the exploited ecosystem does not necessarily lead to the resilience of the economy of EU fisheries from suffering shocks associated with reduced yields, neither to a reduced carbon footprint if fuel use increases from lower stock abundances. Fuel consumption is impacted by stock development, but also by changes in vessel and gear technologies, as well as fishing techniques. In this respect, energy-efficient fishing technologies already exist within the EU, though implementing them would require improving the uptake of innovations and demonstrating to stakeholders the potential for both reduced fuel costs and increased catch rates. A transition towards reducing fuel consumption and costs would need to be supported by the setup of EU regulatory instruments. Overall, to effectively manage EU fisheries within a changing climate, flexible, adaptive, well-informed and well-enforced management is needed, with incentives provided for innovations and ocean literacy to cope with the changing conditions, while also reducing the dependency of the capture fishing industry on fossil fuels. To support such management, we provide 10 lessons to characterize 'win-win' fishing strategies for the European Union, which develop leverages in which fishing effort deployed corresponds to Maximum Sustainable Yield targets and Common Fisheries Policy minimal effects objectives. In these strategies, higher catch is obtained in the long run, less fuel is spent to attain the catch, and the fisheries have a higher resistance and resilience to shock and long-term factors to face climate-induced stresses.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Bekkevold, Dorte, et al.
(författare)
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Mixed-stock analysis of Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus) : a tool for identifying management units and complex migration dynamics
- 2023
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Ingår i: ICES Journal of Marine Science. - : Oxford University Press. - 1054-3139 .- 1095-9289. ; 80:1, s. 173-184
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We developed and validated a mixed-stock analysis (MSA) method with 59 single-nucleotide polymorphisms selected from genome-wide data to assign individuals to populations in mixed-stock samples of Atlantic herring from the North and Baltic seas. We analysed 3734 herring from spawning locations and scientific catches of mixed feeding stocks to demonstrate a "one-fits-all" tool with unprecedented accuracy for monitoring spatio-temporal dynamics throughout a large geographical range with complex stock mixing. We re-analysed time-series data (2002-2021) and compared inferences about stock composition with estimates from morphological data. We show that contributions from the western Baltic spring-spawning stock complex, which is under management concern, have likely been overestimated. We also show that a genetically distinctive population of western Baltic autumn spawners, ascribed low fisheries importance, contributes non-negligible and potentially temporally increasing proportions to mixed-stock aggregations, calling for a re-evaluation of stock definitions. MSA data can be implemented in stock assessment and in a variety of applications, including marine ecosystem description, impact assessment of specific fleets, and stock-rebuilding plans.
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