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- Baumann, Henrikke, 1964
(författare)
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Environmental assessment of organising: towards a framework for the study of organisational influence on environmental performance
- 2004
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Ingår i: Progress in Industrial Ecology. ; 1:1-3, s. 292-306
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper discusses a new perspective on industryÕs environmental performance and presents the concept and field of Environmental Assessment of Organising. EAO builds on the notion that different ways of managing industrial production lead to different environmental performance. To understand how industrial organising influences environmental performance it is necessary to take ordinary physical flow modelling of technical systems, such as life cycle assessment, a step further by embedding these in an organisational context. Such an understanding could provide new knowledge for environmentally ÒsmarterÓ management. The concept of EAO aims towards a theoretical framework that bridges environmental management, organisational theory and environmental systems analysis. Its presentation here is grounded in a literature review on works related to industrial environmental performance. Two studies testing the practical application of EAO are briefly presented and discussed. These have contributed to the presented basic methodology and rudimentary research programme for EAO studies.
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- Baumann, Henrikke, 1964
(författare)
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Introduction and Organisation of LCA Activities in Industry — Description and Analysis of Two LCA Projects in Swedish Companies
- 2000
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Ingår i: International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment. - 1614-7502 .- 0948-3349. ; 5:6, s. 363-368
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Explorations of the LCA practice have been less numerous compared to the conceptual descriptions of LCA. To counter this imbalance, studies of LCA projects conducted in Swedish industry were carried out. One of them is in a chemical company, the other in an electronics company. The studied LCA projects represent early attempts, but not first attempts, at LCA within these two companies. The two studied cases are contrasted with each other and aspects important for the implementation of LCA are identified. Among other things, the presence of an LCA entrepreneur seems to be important for LCA implementation. The argumentation for the usefulness of LCA needs to be situationally adapted to each organisation. Strategies of the LCA entrepreneur are described.
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- Baumann, Henrikke, 1964, et al.
(författare)
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Mapping the green product development field: engineering, policy and business perspectives
- 2002
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Ingår i: Journal of Cleaner Production. - 0959-6526. ; 10:5, s. 409-425
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The literature study on which we report here is based on a cross-disciplinary database containing around 650 articles, taken from the engineering, management, and policy studies disciplines. We report on this literature using a model distinguishing between the product development processes as such, and different contexts, such as the company as a whole, the product chain and society. In addition, a distinction is made between empirically informed research and more conceptual work. Confronting the references in the database with this model, we identify several white spots on the map of research on environmental product development. These seem to be the understanding of the use and role of tools on a micro level (within companies), and an understanding of how this micro-level interacts with the macro level (between companies and in public policies). Also, a strategic orientation on the product development process within companies is underdeveloped. We argue that, in order to make an environmental optimisation of resource use and a minimisation of emissions, a systems perspective is necessary, both in research and practice.
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- Baumann, Henrikke, 1964
(författare)
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Publish and perish? The impact of citation indexing on the development of new fields of environmental research
- 2002
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Ingår i: Journal of Industrial Ecology. - 1530-9290 .- 1088-1980. ; 6:3-4, s. 13-26
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The publishing of research has implications for the evaluation of research careers, research departments and funding for research projects. Researchers' academic evaluation relies heavily on the status of the journal in which a researcher publishes. The inclusion of one's work in Science Citation Index (SCI) and Social Science Citation Index (SSCI) is often used as an indicator of academic quality. This is unfortunate for many environmental researchers, as their journals are not represented in the SCI and SSCI. Two investigations were carried out to determine the reasons for this. The first investigation identified 352 existing environmental academic journals, classified into 7 categories (and several subcategories). Of these, 2 categories were not represented in the SCI or SSCI: environmental systems analysis journals, and corporate environmental management journals. The second survey investigated the publishing patterns of interdisciplinary research groups and the characteristics of their journals. In spite of acceptable citation levels, interdisciplinary environmental journals are excluded from the SCI and SSCI. A major reason seems to be that citations of their articles are uncounted by the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI), the organization producing the SCI and SSCI, because citations mostly take place in a group of journals completely unrepresented in ISI's database.
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| 9. |
- Baumann, Henrikke, 1964, et al.
(författare)
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The Hitch Hiker's Guide to LCA. An orientation in life cycle assessment methodology and application
- 2004
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The environmental life cycle of a product consists of all the stages from raw material extraction through production and use to waste management. Life cycle assessment (LCA), then, is the assessment of the environmental impact of a product throughout its life cycle. The holistic perspective that LCA provides on the environmental performance of products has made it a central concept for both environmental management in industry and environmental policy-making in public government. This is a textbook on LCA for those who want to learn the practice of LCA, e.g. environmental engineers, environmental managers and ecodesigners. The title paraphrases Douglas AdamsÕ famous story The Hitch HikerÕs Guide to the Galaxy, in which the machine Deep Thought after seven and a half million years of computing come up with Ô42Õ as the answer to the Ôgreat Question of Life, the Universe and EverythingÕ. Expectations on LCA are often similarÑsimple answer to difficult environmental dilemmas, and the result often as incomprehensible as Ô42Õ, unless one knows how to interpret LCA methodology and results.LCA applications are manifold. LCA can be used in e.g. product development, marketing, production and waste management. There are special requirements on LCA methodology for each type of application and the book presents a broad repertoire of methodological alternatives in LCA, their different implications for LCA results and their usefulness in different applications.The book is organised in three parts covering LCA methodology, LCA applications and exercises on LCA. Two introductory chapters give a general overview of the LCA concept and its historical development. After that, LCA methodology is described in detail in six chapters. Different fields of LCA application are covered in five subsequent chapters. Since the aim of the book is to teach the execution of LCA, there are also a number of exercises. Smaller exercises train different aspects of LCA methodology and prepare for the larger ones, ten complete LCA exercise projects.
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