| 1. |
- Thomas, HS, et al.
(författare)
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- 2019
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- McMurray, J., et al.
(författare)
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A putative placebo analysis of the effects of LCZ696 on clinical outcomes in heart failure
- 2015
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Ingår i: European Heart Journal. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0195-668X .- 1522-9645. ; 36:7, s. 434-439
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIMS: Although active-controlled trials with renin-angiotensin inhibitors are ethically mandated in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, clinicians and regulators often want to know how the experimental therapy would perform compared with placebo. The angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor LCZ696 was compared with enalapril in PARADIGM-HF. We made indirect comparisons of the effects of LCZ696 with putative placebos. METHODS AND RESULTS: We used the treatment-arm of the Studies Of Left Ventricular Dysfunction (SOLVD-T) as the reference trial for comparison of an ACE inhibitor to placebo and the Candesartan in Heart failure: Assessment of Reduction in Mortality and morbidity-Alternative trial (CHARM-Alternative) as the reference trial for comparison of an ARB to placebo. The hazard ratio of LCZ696 vs. a putative placebo was estimated through the product of the hazard ratio of LCZ696 vs. enalapril (active-control) and that of the historical active-control (enalapril or candesartan) vs. placebo. For the primary composite outcome of cardiovascular death or heart failure hospitalization in PARADIGM-HF, the relative risk reduction with LCZ696 vs. a putative placebo from SOLVD-T was 43% (95%CI 34-50%; P < 0.0001) with similarly large effects on cardiovascular death (34%, 21-44%; P < 0.0001) and heart failure hospitalization (49%, 39-58%; P < 0.0001). For all-cause mortality, the reduction compared with a putative placebo was 28% (95%CI 15-39%; P < 0.0001). Putative placebo analyses based on CHARM-Alternative gave relative risk reductions of 39% (95%CI 27-48%; P < 0.0001) for the composite outcome of cardiovascular death or heart failure hospitalization, 32% (95%CI 16-45%; P < 0.0001) for cardiovascular death, 46% (33-56%; P < 0.0001) for heart failure hospitalization, and 26% (95%CI 11-39%; P < 0.0001) for all-cause mortality. CONCLUSION: These indirect comparisons of LCZ696 with a putative placebo show that the strategy of combined angiotensin receptor blockade and neprilysin inhibition led to striking reductions in cardiovascular and all-cause mortality, as well as heart failure hospitalization. These benefits were obtained even though LCZ696 was added to comprehensive background beta-blocker and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist therapy.
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| 4. |
- Jhund, P. S., et al.
(författare)
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Efficacy and safety of LCZ696 (sacubitril-valsartan) according to age: insights from PARADIGM-HF
- 2015
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Ingår i: European Heart Journal. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0195-668X .- 1522-9645. ; 36:38, s. 2576-2584
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background The age at which heart failure develops varies widely between countries and drug tolerance and outcomes also vary by age. We have examined the efficacy and safety of LCZ696 according to age in the Prospective comparison of angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor to Determine Impact on Global Mortality and Morbidity in Heart Failure trial (PARADIGM-HF). Methods In PARADIGM-HF, 8399 patients aged 18-96 years and in New York Heart Association functional class II-IV with an LVEF <= 40% were randomized to either enalapril or LCZ696. We examined the pre-specified efficacy and safety outcomes according to age category (years): <55 (n = 1624), 55-64 (n = 2655), 65-74 (n = 2557), and >= 75 (n = 1563). Findings The rate (per 100 patient-years) of the primary outcome of cardiovascular (CV) death or heart failure hospitalization (HFH) increased from 13.4 to 14.8 across the age categories. The LCZ696: enalapril hazard ratio (HR) was <1.0 in all categories (P for interaction between age category and treatment = 0.94) with an overall HR of 0.80 (0.73, 0.87), P < 0.001. The findings for HFH were similar for CV and all-cause mortality and the age category by treatment interactions were not significant. The pre-specified safety outcomes of hypotension, renal impairment and hyperkalaemia increased in both treatment groups with age, although the differences between treatment (more hypotension but less renal impairment and hyperkalaemia with LCZ696) were consistent across age categories. Interpretation LCZ696 was more beneficial than enalapril across the spectrum of age in PARADIGM-HF with a favourable benefit-risk profile in all age groups.
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| 5. |
- Gezici, S., et al.
(författare)
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Jamming of Wireless Localization Systems
- 2016
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Communications. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0090-6778 .- 1558-0857. ; 64:6, s. 2660-2676
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, the optimal jamming of wireless localization systems is investigated. Two optimal power allocation schemes are proposed for jammer nodes in the presence of total and peak power constraints. In the first scheme, power is allocated to jammer nodes in order to maximize the average Cramér-Rao lower bound (CRLB) of target nodes, whereas in the second scheme, the power allocation is performed for the aim of maximizing the minimum CRLB of target nodes. Both the schemes are formulated as linear programs, and a closed-form solution is obtained for the first scheme. For the second scheme, under certain conditions, the property of full total power utilization is specified, and a closed-form solution is obtained when the total power is lower than a specific threshold. In addition, it is shown that non-zero power is allocated to at most NT jammer nodes according to the second scheme in the absence of peak power constraints, where NT is the number of target nodes. In the presence of parameter uncertainty, robust versions of the power allocation schemes are proposed. Simulation results are presented to investigate the performance of the proposed schemes and to illustrate the theoretical results.
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| 6. |
- Gezici, S., et al.
(författare)
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Optimal jammer placement in wireless localization networks
- 2015
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Ingår i: IEEE Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communications, SPAWC. - : IEEE conference proceedings. - 9781479919307 ; , s. 665-669
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The optimal jammer placement problem is proposed for a wireless localization network, where the aim is to degrade the accuracy of locating target nodes as much as possible. In particular, the optimal location of a jammer node is obtained in order to maximize the minimum of the Cramér-Rao lower bounds for a number of target nodes under location related constraints for the jammer node. Theoretical results are derived to specify scenarios in which the jammer node should be located as close to a certain target node as possible, or the optimal location of the jammer node is determined by two or three of the target nodes. In addition, explicit expressions for the optimal location of the jammer node are derived in the presence of two target nodes. Numerical examples are presented to illustrate the theoretical results.
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| 7. |
- Stray-Pedersen, Asbjorg, et al.
(författare)
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Primary immunodeficiency diseases : Genomic approaches delineate heterogeneous Mendelian disorders
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. - : MOSBY-ELSEVIER. - 0091-6749 .- 1097-6825. ; 139:1, s. 232-245
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Primary immunodeficiency diseases (PIDDs) are clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorders thus far associated with mutations in more than 300 genes. The clinical phenotypes derived from distinct genotypes can overlap. Genetic etiology can be a prognostic indicator of disease severity and can influence treatment decisions. Objective: We sought to investigate the ability of whole-exome screening methods to detect disease-causing variants in patients with PIDDs. Methods: Patients with PIDDs from 278 families from 22 countries were investigated by using whole-exome sequencing. Computational copy number variant (CNV) prediction pipelines and an exome-tiling chromosomal microarray were also applied to identify intragenic CNVs. Analytic approaches initially focused on 475 known or candidate PIDD genes but were nonexclusive and further tailored based on clinical data, family history, and immunophenotyping. Results: A likely molecular diagnosis was achieved in 110 (40%) unrelated probands. Clinical diagnosis was revised in about half (60/ 110) and management was directly altered in nearly a quarter (26/ 110) of families based on molecular findings. Twelve PIDD-causing CNVs were detected, including 7 smaller than 30 Kb that would not have been detected with conventional diagnostic CNV arrays. Conclusion: This high-throughput genomic approach enabled detection of disease-related variants in unexpected genes; permitted detection of low-grade constitutional, somatic, and revertant mosaicism; and provided evidence of a mutational burden in mixed PIDD immunophenotypes.
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| 8. |
- Bayram Özdemir, Sevgi, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Conceptualization and assessment of multiple forms of social withdrawal in Turkey
- 2015
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Ingår i: Social development (Oxford. Print). - : Wiley. - 0961-205X .- 1467-9507. ; 24:1, s. 142-165
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We examined the meaning, assessment, and implications of different forms of social withdrawal in Turkey across two studies. In study 1, semi-structured interviews were conducted with children, mothers, and teachers to identify descriptors of social withdrawal. Shyness and unsociability were confirmed through content analyses, and regulated withdrawal, a new subtype characterized by overregulation of behaviors and suppression of own desires during social interactions, was revealed. Based on these findings, the child social preference scale, an established North American measure of social withdrawal, was revised. In study 2, a confirmatory factor analysis on a sample of 599 9–11-year-old children revealed three distinct forms of social withdrawal. Shyness was related to a wider range of child adjustment difficulties than unsociability and regulated withdrawal, although all forms of withdrawal were associated with child adjustment difficulties, providing support for the importance of children's active involvement in social relationships for their positive development and well-being.
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| 9. |
- Bayram Özdemir, Sevgi, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Mothers’ Reactions to Preschoolers’ Proactive and Reactive Aggressive Behaviors
- 2017
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Ingår i: Infant and Child Development. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1522-7227 .- 1522-7219. ; 26:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present study was designed to examine mothers' emotional reactions, causal attributions, and socialization strategies in response to preschool children's engagement in proactive and reactive physical aggression with peers during free play at school. Participants were 84 mothers (Mage=31.83, SD=4.48) with preschool-aged children (Mage=4.92, SD=0. 97), residing in Ankara, Turkey. Supporting our expectations, mothers reacted with negative emotions to both functions of aggressive behaviours, with less anxiety, disappointment, embarrassment, and guilt for reactive aggression. They also believed that reactive aggression is more contextually dependent and intentional and reported more indirect (e.g., asking the child, teacher, or other children to find out more about the situation and aggressive episode) and other-oriented strategies (e.g., telling the other child to behave properly) to address these behaviours. Overall, our findings suggest that Turkish mothers' feelings, perceptions, and socialization approaches to childhood aggression vary depending on the functions of aggression, and mothers perceive preschool-aged children's engagement in reactive aggression in the school setting as relatively more acceptable than proactive aggression.
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| 10. |
- Bayram Özdemir, Sevgi, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Processes and conditions underlying the link between shyness and school adjustment among Turkish children
- 2017
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Ingår i: British Journal of Developmental Psychology. - Hoboken NJ, USA : John Wiley & Sons. - 0261-510X .- 2044-835X. ; 35:2, s. 218-236
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study examined the underlying processes and conditions that contribute to the school adjustment of shy children in Turkey, where children's interpersonal relationships in social settings and academic achievement are highly emphasized. First, we examined the unique mediating roles of children's feelings of social anxiety, depressive symptoms, and loneliness in the associations between shyness and indices of school outcomes (academic achievement and school liking/avoidance). Second, we explored the moderating role of children's peer acceptance in these associations. Fourth- and fifth-grade children (N = 599; Mage = 10.11 years, SD = 0.65; 48% girls) provided information on shyness, social anxiety, depressive symptoms, loneliness, and school liking/avoidance. Head teachers in each classroom reported on students' academic performance. The peer nomination method was used to assess children's peer relationships. Results revealed that when children displayed shy behaviours, they reported more depressive symptoms that were, in turn, associated with poorer academic performance, less school liking, and higher school avoidance. Moreover, shyness negatively predicted school liking at low levels of peer acceptance, suggesting that difficulties in peer relationships increased shy children's risk of school dissatisfaction. Overall, our findings support the importance of the interpersonal relationship context for children's adjustment within the Turkish cultural context. Statement of contribution What is already known on this subject? Shy children have difficulties initiating and maintaining social interactions, which put them at risk for a wide range of socio-emotional difficulties. Shy children have poor academic performance and experience school adjustment difficulties in North America. What does this study add? Shyness is an important risk factor for poorer academic performance and adjustment among children in Turkey. The association between shyness and difficulties at school is explained by children's experience of depressive symptoms. Difficulties with peer relationships increase shy children's risk of school dissatisfaction.
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