| 1. |
- Bednarska, Olga, et al.
(författare)
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A postbiotic fermented oat gruel may have a beneficial effect on the colonic mucosal barrier in patients with irritable bowel syndrome
- 2022
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Nutrition. - : FRONTIERS MEDIA SA. - 2296-861X. ; 9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Impaired intestinal permeability and microbial dysbiosis are important pathophysiological mechanisms underlying irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). ReFerm (R)( ), also called Profermin (R), is a postbiotic product of oat gruel fermented with Lactobacillus plantarum 299v. In this study, we investigated whether ReFerm (R) has a beneficial effect on the intestinal epithelial barrier function in patients with IBS.Materials and methods: Thirty patients with moderate to severe IBS-diarrhoea (IBS-D) or IBS-mixed (IBS-M) were treated with enema containing ReFerm (R) or placebo. The patients underwent sigmoidoscopy with biopsies obtained from the distal colon at baseline and after 14 days of treatment with ReFerm (R) or placebo twice daily. The biopsies were mounted in Ussing chambers, and paracellular and transcellular permeabilities were measured for 120 min. In addition, the effects of ReFerm (R) or placebo on the epithelial barrier were investigated in vitro using Caco-2 cells.Results: ReFerm (R) reduced paracellular permeability (p < 0.05) and increased transepithelial resistance (TER) over time (p < 0.01), whereas the placebo had no significant effect in patients. In ReFerm (R)-treated Caco-2 cells, paracellular and transcellular permeabilities were decreased compared to the control (p < 0.05) and placebo (p < 0.01). TER was increased in Caco-2 ReFerm (R)-treated cells, and normalised TER was increased in ReFerm (R)-treated Caco-2 cells compared to control (p < 0.05) and placebo-treated (p < 0.05) cells.Conclusion: ReFerm (R) significantly reduced paracellular permeability and improved TER in colonic biopsies collected from patients with IBS and in a Caco-2 cell model. Our results offer new insights into the potential benefits of ReFerm (R) in IBS management. Further studies are needed to identify the molecular mechanisms underlying the barrier-protective properties of ReFerm (R).
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| 2. |
- Casado-Bedmar, Maite, et al.
(författare)
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Elevated F-EDN correlates with mucosal eosinophil degranulation in patients with IBS : A possible association with microbiota?
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Leukocyte Biology. - : Alan R. Liss Inc.. - 0741-5400 .- 1938-3673. ; 111:3, s. 655-665
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Eosinophils have been linked to functional dyspepsia; however, less is known about their role in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). This study tested the hypothesis of alterations in levels of fecal eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (F-EDN) and eosinophil density and degranulation within the colonic mucosa of IBS patients compared with healthy controls (HC). Colonic biopsies were collected from 37 IBS patients and 20 HC and analyzed for eosinophil numbers and local degranulation of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) by histologic procedures. Fecal samples were collected for F-EDN and microbiota analysis. Differentiated 15HL-60 cells were used in vitro to investigate the direct effect of live bacteria on eosinophil activation measured by a colorimetric assay with o-phenylenediamine (OPD) substrate. We observed a higher number of eosinophils and increased extracellular ECP in the mucosa of IBS patients compared with HC. Moreover, F-EDN levels in IBS samples were elevated compared with HC and positively correlated to extracellular ECP. Metagenomic analysis showed significant correlations between bacterial composition and eosinophil measurements in both HC and IBS patients. In vitro experiments revealed an increased degranulation of 15HL-60 after stimulation with Salmonella typhimurium, Salmonella enterica, and Yersinia enterocolitica. To conclude, we could demonstrate alterations related to eosinophils in IBS, and, for the first time, a positive correlation between F-EDN levels and degranulated eosinophils in the colonic mucosa of IBS patients. Together our results suggest that eosinophils play a role in the pathophysiology of IBS and the mechanisms might be linked to an altered microbiota.
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| 3. |
- Barazanji, Nawroz, et al.
(författare)
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Irritable bowel syndrome in women: Association between decreased insular subregion volumes and gastrointestinal symptoms
- 2022
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Ingår i: NeuroImage. - : Elsevier. - 2213-1582. ; 35
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic pain disorder characterized by disturbed interactions between the gut and the brain with depression as a common comorbidity. In both IBS and depression, structural brain alterations of the insular cortices, key structures for pain processing and interoception, have been demonstrated but the specificity of these findings remains unclear. We compared the gray matter volume (GMV) of insular cortex (IC) subregions in IBS women and healthy controls (HC) and examined relations to gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms and glutamate + glutamine (Glx) concentrations. We further analyzed GMV of IC subregions in women with major depression (MDD) compared to HC and addressed possible differences between depression, IBS, IBS with depression and HC.
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| 4. |
- Bednarska, Olga, et al.
(författare)
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The Effectiveness and Tolerability of a Very Low-Volume Bowel Preparation for Colonoscopy Compared to Low and High-Volume Polyethylene Glycol-Solutions in the Real-Life Setting
- 2022
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Ingår i: Diagnostics. - Basel, Switzerland : MDPI. - 2075-4418. ; 12:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Adequate bowel cleansing is essential for high-quality colonoscopy. Recently, a new very low-volume 1 litre (1L) polyethylene glycol (PEG) plus ascorbate solution (ASC) has been introduced. Our aims were to assess the effectiveness and tolerability of this product compared to low-volume 2L PEG-ASC and high-volume 4L PEG solutions, in a real-life setting. In six endoscopy units in Sweden, outpatients undergoing colonoscopy were either prescribed solutions according to local routines, or the very low-volume solution in split dose regimen. Bowel cleansing effectiveness and patient experience was assessed using the Boston Bowel preparation scale (BBPS) and a patient questionnaire. A total of 1098 patients (mean age 58 years, 52% women) were included. All subsegment and the total BBPS scores were significantly greater for 1L PEG-ASC in comparison to other solutions (p < 0.05 for 1L PEG-ASC and 4L PEG for transverse and left colon, otherwise p < 0.001). Nausea was more frequent with 1L PEG-ASC compared to 2L PEG-ASC (p < 0.001) and vomiting were more often reported compared to both other solutions (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05 for 2L PEG-ASC and 4L PEG, respectively). Smell, taste, and total experience was better for 1L PEG-ASC compared to 4L PEG (p < 0.001), and similar compared to the 2L PEG-ASC. In conclusion, 1L PEG-ASC leads to better bowel cleansing compared to 2L PEG-ASC or 4L PEG products, with similar or greater patient satisfaction.
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