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- Andersson, Peter, Universitetslektor, 1959-, et al.
(författare)
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The Danish Problem: Soon Everybody’s? : A Comparative Analysis of Digitalization Effects on Letter Volumes
- 2019
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Ingår i: New Business and Regulatory Strategies in the Postal Sector. - Cham : Springer London. - 9783030029364 - 9783030029371 ; , s. 285-297
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Letter volumes in Denmark dropped with 75 percent between 2000 and 2016, whereas Sweden’s declined with 34 percent. We make a comparative analysis of Denmark and Sweden by analyzing the effects of digitalization and the strategies from the common USO-provider Postnord. Denmark had a national digitalization strategy already from 2001 and a law in 2012 required everybody to have a digital mailbox. In response to falling demand, prices were increased sharply and service reduced. Sweden has a fragmented market for digital messages and with large postal volumes, competitive prices, a well-functioning market for second class mail and better ability to adjust costs, digital substitution was limited.
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Sofia, et al.
(författare)
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The impact of inorganic elements on lignin‐based carbon fibre quality
- 2018
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Ingår i: 15th European workshop on lignocelllulosics and pulp. ; , s. 119-122
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The influence of inorganic elements on lignin ‐based carbon fibre (CF) quality was studied using sulphates of Na +, K+, Mg2+, Fe2+, Al3+. The metal sulphates were added to wet spun prefibres made from softwood kraft lignin (SKL):cellulose (70:30) and melt spun prefibres made from low molecular mass SKL. An increase in concentration from 0.1 w% to about 0.4 w% did neither affect the mechanical properties nor the morphology as observed by SEM. In contrast, metal sulphates added to the initial 0.45 w% to a total range 1.5 to 5.0 w%, was found detrimental to the melt spinning and to the final CF quality. Thus, the recommendation of <0.1 w% ash in kraft lignin may be exceeded, but more research is needed to establish the upper concentration limit.
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| 4. |
- Bengtsson, Karin, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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Are ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis and undifferentiated spondyloarthritis associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events? A prospective nationwide population-based cohort study
- 2017
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Ingår i: Arthritis Research and Therapy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1478-6354 .- 1478-6362. ; 19:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: To investigate the risk of first-time acute coronary syndrome (ACS), stroke and venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and undifferentiated spondyloarthritis (uSpA), compared to each other and to the general population (GP). Methods: This is a prospective nationwide cohort study. Cohorts with AS (n = 6448), PsA (n = 16,063) and uSpA (n = 5190) patients and a GP (n = 266,435) cohort, were identified 2001-2009 in the Swedish National Patient and Population registers. The follow-up began 1 January 2006, or 6 months after the first registered spondyloarthritis (SpA) diagnosis thereafter, and ended at ACS/stroke/VTE event, death, emigration or 31 December 2012. Crude and age- and sex-standardized incidence rates (SIRs) and hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated for incident ACS, stroke or VTE, respectively. Results: Standardized to the GP cohort, SIRs for ACS were 4.3, 5.4 and 4.7 events per 1000 person-years at risk in the AS, PsA and uSpA cohort, respectively, compared to 3.2 in the GP cohort. SIRs for stroke were 5.4, 5.9 and 5.7 events per 1000 person-years at risk in the AS, PsA and uSpA cohort compared to 4.7 in the GP cohort. Corresponding SIRs for VTE were 3.6, 3.2 and 3.5 events per 1000 person-years at risk compared to 2.2 in the GP cohort. Age-and sex-adjusted HRs (95% CI) for ACS events were significantly increased in AS (1.54 (1.31-1.82)), PsA (1.76 (1.59-1.95)) and uSpA (1.36 (1.05-1.76)) compared to GP. Age-adjusted HRs for ACS was significantly decreased in female AS patients (0.59 (0.37-0.97)) compared to female PsA patients. Age-and sex-adjusted HRs for stroke events were significantly increased in AS (1.25 (1.06-1.48)) and PsA (1.34 (1.22-1.48)), and nonsignificantly increased in uSpA (1.16 (0.91-1.47)) compared to GP. For VTE the age-and sex-adjusted HRs for AS, PsA and uSpA were equally and significantly increased with about 50% compared to GP. Conclusions: Patients with AS, PsA and uSpA are at increased risk for ACS and stroke events, which emphasizes the importance of identification of and intervention against cardiovascular risk factors in SpA patients. Increased alertness for VTE is warranted in patients with SpA.
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| 7. |
- Bengtsson, Karin, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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Risk of cardiac rhythm disturbances and aortic regurgitation in different spondyloarthritis subtypes in comparison with general population : A register-based study from Sweden
- 2018
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Ingår i: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. - : BMJ. - 0003-4967 .- 1468-2060. ; 77:4, s. 541-548
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives To describe the incidence of atrioventricular (AV) block II-III, atrial fibrillation (AF), pacemaker implantation (PM) and aortic regurgitation in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), undifferentiated spondyloarthritis (uSpA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) compared with the general population (GP) and with each other. Methods A prospective nationwide study with cohorts of patients with AS (n=6448), PsA (n=16 063) and uSpA (n=5190) and a GP (n=2 66 435) cohort, identified in 2001-2009 in the Swedish National Patient and Population registers. Follow-up began on 1 January 2006 and ended at event, death, emigration or 31 December 2012. Age-standardised and sex-standardised incidence rates and hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated. Results The highest incidence rates were noted for AF (5.5-7.4 events per 1000 person-years), followed by PM (1.0-2.0 events per 1000 person-years). HRs for AV block, AF, PM and aortic regurgitation were significantly increased in AS (HRs 2.3, 1.3, 2.1 and 1.9), uSpA (HRs 2.9, 1.3, 1.9 and 2.0) and PsA (HRs 1.5, 1.5, 1.6 and 1.8) compared with the GP cohort. The highest HRs were seen for AV block in male uSpA (HR 4.2) and AS (HR 2.5) compared with GP. Compared with PsA, significantly increased HRs were noted for PM (HR 1.5) in AS and for AV block (HR 1.8) in uSpA. Conclusions Patients with SpA are at increased risk of aortic regurgitation, cardiac rhythm disturbances and, as a probable consequence, also PM. Particularly for AF, the most common arrhythmia, increased caution is warranted, whereas AV block should be looked for especially in men with AS or uSpA.
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| 10. |
- Dalemo, Sofia, et al.
(författare)
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Bone mineral density in primary care patients related to serum calcium concentrations: a longitudinal cohort study from Sweden
- 2018
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0281-3432 .- 1502-7724. ; 36:2, s. 198-206
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Elevated calcium concentration is a commonly used measure in screening analyses for primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) and cancer. Low bone mineral density (BMD) and osteoporosis are common features of pHPT and strengthen the indication for parathyroidectomy. It is not known whether an elevated calcium concentration could be a marker of low BMD in suspected pHPT patients with a normal parathyroid hormone concentration. Purpose: To study if low BMD and osteoporosis are more common after ten years in patients with elevated compared with normal calcium concentrations at baseline. Subjects: One hundred twenty-seven patients (28 men) with baseline elevated, and 254 patients (56 men) with baseline normal calcium concentrations, mean age 61 years, were recruited. After ten years, 77% of those still alive (74 with elevated and 154 with normal calcium concentrations at baseline) participated in a dual energy x-ray absorptiometry measurement for BMD assessment and analysis of calcium and parathyroid hormone concentrations. Main outcome measures: Association between elevated and normal calcium concentration at base-line and BMD at follow-up. Correlation between calcium and parathyroid hormone concentrations and BMD at follow-up. Results: A larger proportion of the patients with elevated baseline calcium concentrations who participated in the follow-up had osteoporosis (p value - 0.036), compared with the patients with normal concentrations. In contrast, no correlation was found between calcium or parathyroid hormone concentrations and BMD at follow-up. Conclusions: In this study, patients with elevated calcium concentrations at baseline had osteoporosis ten years later more often than controls (45% vs. 29%), which highlights the importance of examining these patients further using absorptiometry, even when their parathyroid hormone level is normal.
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