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- Huckvale, M., et al.
(författare)
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Opportunities for Computer-Aided Instruction in Phonetics and Speech Communication Provided by the Internet
- 1997
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Ingår i: 5th European Conference on Speech Communication and Technology, EUROSPEECH 1997. - : The International Speech Communication Association (ISCA). ; , s. 1919-1922
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Spoken language engineering is starting to deliver technological products to the commercial market and has an important future role in supporting the multilingual structures of modern Europe. The field will be driven forward by basic science and applied research by experts drawn from a variety of backgrounds; among them: linguistics, psychology, computer science and electrical engineering. The wide range of expertise required in this discipline brings difficulties for our educational systems, but also challenges us to use our knowledge of technology and communication to improve the quality and effectiveness of teaching and learning. This paper investigates how resources currently available on the Internet could be exploited in the education of phonetics and speech communication. It discusses the technology, outlines the requirements for computer-aided learning in the field, gives a taxonomy of the available components with examples, and criticises the main weaknesses in the current provision.
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| 3. |
- West, Jay B., et al.
(författare)
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Comparison and evaluation of retrospective intermodality image registration techniques
- 1997
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Ingår i: SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering. - : SPIE - International Society for Optical Engineering. ; , s. 332-347
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- All retrospective image registration methods have attached to them some intrinsic estimate of registration error. However, this estimate of accuracy may not always be a good indicator of the distance between actual and estimated positions of targets within the cranial cavity. This paper describes a project whose principal goal is to use a prospective method based on fiducial markers as a ’gold standard’ to perform an objective, blinded evaluation of the accuracy of several retrospective image-to-image registration techniques. Image volumes of three modalities – CT, MR, and PET – were taken of patients undergoing neurosurgery at Vanderbilt University Medical Center. These volumes had all traces of the fiducial markers removed, and were provided to project collaborators outside Vanderbilt, who then performed retrospective registrations on the volumes, calculating transformations from CT to MR and/or from PET to MR, and communicated their transformations to Vanderbilt where the accuracy of each registration was evaluated. In this evaluation the accuracy is measured at multiple ’regions of interest,’ i.e. areas in the brain which would commonly be areas of neurological interest. A region is defined in the MR image and its centroid C is determined. Then the prospective registration is used to obtain the corresponding point C’ in CT or PET. To this point the retrospective registration is then applied, producing C’ in MR. Statistics are gathered on the target registration error (TRE), which is the disparity between the original point C and its corresponding point C’. A second goal of the project is to evaluate the importance of correcting geometrical distortion in MR images, by comparing the retrospective TRE in the rectified images, i.e., those which have had the distortion correction applied, with that of the same images before rectification. This paper presents preliminary results of this study along with a brief description of each registration technique and an estimate of both preparation and execution time needed to perform the registration.
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