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- Aspelin, Jonas
(författare)
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Vad är relationell pedagogik?
- 2013
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Ingår i: Relationell specialpedagogik. - Kristianstad : Kristianstad University Press. - 9789197942287 ; , s. 13-25
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Relationell pedagogik kan allmänt beskrivas som ett synsätt på utbildning där det som sker människor emellan står i centrum. Jag diskuterar i det här kapitlet vissa kännetecken för ansatsen och föreslår ett dubbelsidigt relationsbegrepp: På en första nivå är relationell pedagogik liktydigt med aktiviteter som strukturerar utbildningens sociala liv. I princip alla lärare ägnar sig dagligen åt relationell pedagogik i den meningen, dvs. är med om att bygga upp en igenkännlig socialitet och ordning i utbildningen. På en andra nivå ses relationell pedagogik snarare som avbrott eller genombrott i vardagslivets strukturer. Relationell pedagogik i den senare bemärkelsen innebär ett genuint och personligt möte, en händelse som är oförutsägbar, oplanerad och kanske inte ens märkbar. Sådana händelser kan man inte ta för givna i undervisning.
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- Aspelin, Jonas
(författare)
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We can recite it in chorus now : an interactionist approach to the teacher-student relationship and teachers relational competence
- 2017
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Ingår i: Classroom Discourse. - : Taylor and Francis Ltd.. - 1946-3014 .- 1946-3022. ; 8:1, s. 55-70
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A growing body of international research demonstrates that supportive teacher–student relationships have multiple positive educational effects. In Scandinavia, the concept of relational competence is increasingly used to define the teacher’s ability to develop ‘good’ relationships. The overall purpose of this article is to contribute to the field by adopting an interactionist perspective. Drawing chiefly on T. Shibutani, but also on G.H. Mead and T. Scheff, the article aims to: (i) examine how the teacher–student relationship is constructed through nonverbal communication and (ii) discuss the implications regarding teachers’ relational competence in situated teaching. A detailed transcript of a classroom episode is interpreted and analysed using Shibutani’s concepts. The analysis reveals two parallel relational matrices, one ‘conventional’ and the other ‘interpersonal’. In the concluding section, it is argued that the relationship between the two matrices plays an important role in understanding teachers’ relational competence: the relationally competent teacher takes responsibility for his/her own actions, both as an educator in a conventional system and as a fellow being in an interpersonal system. Expressed differently, relational incompetence means overemphasizing one system at the expense of the other.
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- Aspelin, Jonas, 1964-
(författare)
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What really matters is between : understanding the focal point of education from an inter-human perspective
- 2010
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Ingår i: Education Inquiry. - : Umeå university. - 2000-4508. ; 1:2, s. 127-136
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article, the focal point of education is simultaneously defined as: i) the place where the most important educational activity is taking place; and ii) the place where the main interest of educational theory (and educational practice) should be located. The article aims to discuss the idea that the focal point is located somewhere between the teacher and the student. This idea is introduced by references to Gert Biesta’s inter-subjective theory and to some more or less classical conceptions which distinguish between two main aspects of sociality. Further, and as a more specific aim, the article discusses Martin Buber’s contribution to understanding the focal point of education. Buber contributes by emphasising “the interhuman” as a primary dimension in relation to “the social”. From Buber’s perspective, what really matters in education exists in an ontological and relational event. In the last section of the article it is suggested that exploration of the focal point should not stick to just one form of relationship. The interhuman event is, taken by itself, supposed to be primary, but the focal point cannot be fully understood without a penetrative picture of its social context.
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- Berg, Florian, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic factors have a major effect on growth, number of vertebrae and otolith shape in Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus)
- 2018
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 13:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Atlantic herring, Clupea harengus, have complex population structures. Mixing of populations is known, but the extent of connectivity is still unclear. Phenotypic plasticity results in divergent phenotypes in response to environmental factors. A marked salinity gradient occurs from Atlantic Ocean (salinity 35) into the Baltic Sea (salinity range 2–12). Herring from both habitats display phenotypic and genetic variability. To explore how genetic factors and salinity influence phenotypic traits like growth, number of vertebrae and otolith shape an experimental population consisting of Atlantic purebreds and Atlantic/Baltic F1 hybrids were incubated and co-reared at two different salinities, 16 and 35, for three years. The F1-generation was repeatedly sampled to evaluate temporal variation. A von Bertalanffy growth model indicated that reared Atlantic purebreds had a higher maximum length (26.2 cm) than Atlantic/Baltic hybrids (24.8 cm) at salinity 35, but not at salinity 16 (25.0 and 24.8 cm, respectively). In contrast, Atlantic/Baltic hybrids achieved larger size-at-age than the wild caught Baltic parental group. Mean vertebral counts and otolith aspect ratios were higher for reared Atlantic purebreds than Atlantic/Baltic hybrids, consistent with the differences between parental groups. There were no significant differences in vertebral counts and otolith aspect ratios between herring with the same genotype but raised in different salinities. A Canonical Analysis of Principal Coordinates was applied to analyze the variation in wavelet coefficients that described otolith shape. The first discriminating axis identified the differences between Atlantic purebreds and Atlantic/Baltic hybrids, while the second axis represented salinity differences. Assigning otoliths based on genetic groups (Atlantic purebreds vs. Atlantic/Baltic hybrids) yielded higher classification success (~90%) than based on salinities (16 vs. 35; ~60%). Our results demonstrate that otolith shape and vertebral counts have a significant genetic component and are therefore useful for studies on population dynamics and connectivity.
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| 7. |
- Berg, Florian, et al.
(författare)
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Respiration rates of herring larvae at different salinities, and effects of previous environmental history
- 2020
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Ingår i: Marine Ecology Progress Series. - : INTER-RESEARCH. - 0171-8630 .- 1616-1599. ; 650, s. 141-152
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Metabolic rates of early life history stages of marine fishes show considerable interindividual differences, and are highly influenced by extrinsic factors like temperature or food availability. Measuring oxygen uptake rates is a proxy for estimating metabolic rates. Still, the relationship between respiration rates and ambient or previous salinity conditions as well as parental and developmental acclimation to changes in salinity remains largely unexplored. In the present study, we conducted experiments to investigate the effects of salinity on the routine metabolic rates (RMR) of euryhaline Atlantic herring Clupea harengus larvae at 3 levels of salinity: low (6 psu), intermediate (16 psu) and high (35 psu), reflecting ecologically relevant conditions for herring populations in the Atlantic Ocean and Baltic Sea. The larvae originated from different genetic backgrounds and salinity adaptations to account for cross-generation effects on metabolic rates. Closed respirometry carried out over 24 h on individual fish larvae generally confirmed near isometric respiration rates at all salinity regimes, with rates being 15.4% higher at 6 psu and 7.5% higher at 35 psu compared to 16 psu conditions. However, transgenerational acclimation to different salinity regimes of the parents had no effect on the salinity-specific metabolic rates of their offspring. Our study demonstrates the ability of herring to cope with a wide range of salinity conditions, irrespective of parental environmental history and genetic origin. This phenotypic plasticity is considered to be one of the main contributing factors to the success of herring as a widely distributed fish species in the North Atlantic and adjacent waters.
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| 8. |
- Ekblad, Caroline, et al.
(författare)
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Polypeptides based on a scaffold
- 2022
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Patent (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- The disclosure provides a population of polypeptide variants based on a common scaffold, each polypeptide in the population comprising the scaffold amino acid sequence Xsc1AELDXsc2Xsc3GVG AXXIKXIXsc4XA XXVEXVQXXK QXILAX. The disclosure also provides methods for selecting and identifying polypeptides from the population, as well as such polypeptides themselves.
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- Ekengård, Johan, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Slag-metal equilibrium calculations for estimation of oxygen activity in molten steel during ladle treatment
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In the present paper three different methods to calculate the equilibrium oxygen activity have been compared with measured oxygen activities and oxygen activities based on sulphur equilibrium between slag and steel during ladle treatment at Scana Björneborg.Three slag models were used to estimate the oxide component activities of Al2O3 and SiO2 in the top slag and in the equilibrium calculations the dilute solution model for the liquid steel phase was used. The results show significant discrepancies between the calculated and measured oxygen activities and the reasons for the differences are discussed.
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