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- Berg, Elisabeth, et al.
(författare)
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Emphasizing technology: socio-technical implications
- 2005
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Ingår i: Information Technology and People. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 0959-3845 .- 1758-5813. ; 18:4, s. 343-358
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose – This article aims to focus attention on users of information technology (IT), especially mobile telephony. It focuses on what people actually say about mobile technology but also aims to pay attention to what they do not talk about, what is found in the silence, especially with new technology when much can be taken for granted. This latter is, according to Foucault, even more important to understand.Design/methodology/approach – The research draws on empirical research through 11 semi-structured interviews and interviews with five focus groups, comprising between four and eight care assistants in each group. The interviews were with three women and three men between 25-70 years old, five female public sector middle managers and care assistants from five focus groups at social services departments in the north of Sweden. A Foucauldian approach is adopted to interpret the findings and explore how their locations within the circuits of socio-technical networks engender uncertainty with mobile technology. The present spread of IT reinforces a belief that people are integrated into the circuits of socio-technical networks.Findings – The findings suggest, on the one hand, that new technologies like mobile communication can be used to organise our everyday lives, whilst, on the other, there are risks with the new technologies, which can discipline discourses.Originality/value – These issues are discussed from a sociological and informatics perspective.
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- Berg, Frida, 1975-
(författare)
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Genetic Analysis of Fat Metabolism in Domestic Pigs and their Wild Ancestor
- 2006
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The domestication of the pig began about 9 000 years ago and many of the existing domestic breeds have been selected for phenotypic traits like lean meat and fast growth. Domestic pigs are phenotypically very different from the ancestral wild boar that has adapted to survive in their natural environment. Because of their divergence, crosses between domestic pigs and wild boars are suitable for constructing genetic maps and Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analyses. A cross between the Large White and the European wild boar was thus initiated in the late 1980s. A major QTL for fat deposition and growth, denoted FAT1, was found on chromosome 4. The aim of this thesis was to further characterise the FAT1 locus and to identify the causative gene(s) and mutation(s). We have identified new markers and constructed a high-resolution linkage and RH map of the FAT1 QTL interval. We also performed comparative mapping to the human genome and showed that the pig chromosome 4 is homologous to human chromosomes 1 and 8. The gene order is very well conserved between the two species. In parallel we have narrowed down the FAT1 QTL interval by repeated backcrossing to the domestic Large White breed for six generations. The QTL could be confirmed for fatness but not for growth. Furthermore, the data strongly suggested that there might be more than one gene underlying the FAT1 QTL. Depending on which hypothesis to consider, the one- or two-loci model, the FAT1 interval can be reduced to 3,3 or 20 centiMorgan (cM), respectively, based on the backcross experiments. In the last study we confirm the two-loci model with one locus primarily effecting abdominal fat and another locus primarily effecting subcutaneous fat. We have identified a missense mutation in the RXRG gene which is in strong association with the abdominal fat QTL and the mutation is a potential candidate for that locus.Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a specific type of fat essential for non-shivering thermogenesis in mammals. Piglets appear to lack BAT and rely on shivering as the main mechanism for thermoregulation. Uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) gene is exclusively expressed in BAT and its physiological role is to generate heat by uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation. We show that the UCP1 gene has been disrupted in the pig lineage about 20 years ago. The inactivation of UCP1 provides a genetic explanation for the poor thermoregulation in piglets.
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