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- Taha, Hana, et al.
(författare)
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Knowledge and Practices of Colorectal Cancer Early Detection Examinations in Jordan : A Cross Sectional Study
- 2019
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Ingår i: Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP. - : EpiSmart Science Vector Ltd. - 1513-7368 .- 2476-762X. ; 20:3, s. 831-838
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Globally, colorectal cancer (CRC) is ranked the third most common cancer among men and the second in women. The American Cancer Society recommends that starting from the age 50 years, both men and women should be screened for polyps and for early detection of CRC. In Jordan, CRC is the most common cancer among males and the second most common cancer among females. This study aims to assess the knowledge and practices of CRC early detection tests and the barriers and motivators of screening in Jordan. Methods: A semi-structured questionnaire and face-to-face interviews were conducted with 300 males and 300 females recruited using stratified clustered random sampling technique from four governorates in Jordan. The participants were aged 30 to 65 years, without a previous history of CRC. Descriptive and multivariate analyses were used to assess knowledge and practices of CRC early detection tests. Results: Overall, there were poor knowledge and practices of CRC early detection tests. Better knowledge and practices were significantly associated with previously consulting a doctor due to symptoms and worries from CRC, receiving a recommendation from a doctor to perform CRC testing, or having more knowledge about CRC signs and symptoms (p≤ 0.05). Conclusions: This study indicates that there is a need for raising awareness about CRC early detection tests in Jordan, especially among those aged 50 years and above, and those who have a family history of CRC. Additionally, it is important to educate and encourage physicians to recommend CRC screening to patients that are at higher risk of the disease.
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- Khalaf, Atika, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Perceived and ideal body image in young women in South Western Saudi Arabia
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Obesity. - : Hindawi Limited. - 2090-0708. ; 2015, s. 1-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives. The aim of this study was to investigate perceived and ideal body image (BI) and associated factors among female university students in Saudi Arabia. Methods. This cross-sectional study included 663 university female students. Anthropometric measurements including weight, height, BMI, and BI perception (the 9-figure silhouette) were obtained. Descriptive and logistic regression analysis were conducted. Results. An agreement between actual, perceived, and ideal BI was found in 23% of the participants. Behavioral (activity levels), social (presence of obese parents and fathers’ level of education), and economic factors (households’ monthly income, number of cars in the household, and kind of residence) were positively and significantly associated with the desire to be thinner. Similarly, socioeconomic associations (number of sisters and number of cars in the household) correlated positively and significantly with the desire to be heavier. Conclusions. The whole family should rather be considered in interventions related to appearance concerns and BI discrepancies. Furthermore, campaigns targeting improvement of adolescents’ physical self-image should be a major priority of the public health sector.
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- Niklasson, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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Diabetes Prevention Through Antiviral Treatment in Biobreeding Rats
- 2016
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Ingår i: Viral immunology. - : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 0882-8245 .- 1557-8976. ; 29:8, s. 452-458
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A picornavirus (Ljungan virus) has been associated with diabetes in its wild rodent reservoir and in diabetesprone biobreeding (DP-BB) rats. We attempted to alter the development of diabetes in DP-BB rats using two anti-picornavirus compounds (pleconaril and APO-N039), singly or in combination. Antiviral therapy was initiated 2 weeks before expected onset of diabetes. Pleconaril or APO-N039 alone did not affect the debut of diabetes. However, animals receiving a combination of both compounds were protected for at least the entire period of treatment (4 weeks after expected time of diabetes onset). Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that the presence and distribution of virus antigen in the pancreatic islets coincided with the clinical status of the animal. Data indicate that a treatable picornavirus can be involved in the cellular assault resulting in diabetes and in these cases the disease mechanism appears to involve a virus present in the pancreatic beta cell mass itself.
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| 5. |
- Al-Qahtani, SM, et al.
(författare)
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17β-Estradiol suppresses visceral adipogenesis and activates brown adipose tissue-specific gene expression
- 2017
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Ingår i: Hormone molecular biology and clinical investigation. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 1868-1891 .- 1868-1883. ; 29:1, s. 13-26
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Both functional ovaries and estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Understanding the mechanisms underlying the antidiabetic effects of 17β-estradiol (E2) may permit the development of a molecular targeting strategy for the treatment of metabolic disease. This study examines how the promotion of insulin sensitivity and weight loss by E2 treatment in high-fat-diet (HFD)-fed mice involve several anti-adipogenic processes in the visceral adipose tissue. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed specific reductions in visceral adipose tissue volume in HFD+E2 mice, compared with HFD mice. This loss of adiposity was associated with diminished visceral adipocyte size and reductions in expression of lipogenic genes, adipokines and of the nuclear receptor
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| 7. |
- Khalaf, Atika, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence and association of female weight status and dietary habits with sociodemographic factors : a cross-sectional study in Saudi Arabia.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Public Health Nutrition. - : Cambridge University Press. - 1368-9800 .- 1475-2727. ; 18:5, s. 784-796
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Research about the prevalence of underweight and overweight/obesity in the Saudi Arabian female population is limited. The aim of the present study was to examine the dietary habits and the prevalence of underweight and overweight/obesity and associated factors among female university students.DESIGN: A cross-sectional study.SETTING: A university centre for female students in south-western Saudi Arabia.SUBJECTS: The study involved 663 randomly selected female university students who self-reported their physical activities, nutritional habits and socio-economic factors. Multiple linear and logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with the students' BMI, dietary variables, underweight and overweight/obesity.RESULTS: The majority of the university females were normal weight (56·9 %), but a high prevalence of underweight (19·2 %) and overweight/obesity (23·8 %) occurred. Social factors significantly associated with BMI were the presence of obese parents and siblings as well as physical activity levels, marital status, number of sisters, father's level of education and more frequent intake of French fries/potato chips (>3 times/week). Several variables were found to correlate with dietary habits, underweight and overweight/obesity. Of special interest is the association between the number of siblings and the participants' BMI and dietary intake in both negative and positive ways.CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this research have implications for health promotion and prevention of malnutrition among college-aged females. Health-care providers and policy makers need to involve the whole family when promoting females' physical activity. The study serves as an evidence-based background for planning and implementation of interventions targeting improvement of highly educated populations' nutritional habits.
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| 8. |
- Said Al-Kharusi, Enass, et al.
(författare)
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Mapping conservation priorities in alpine and subartctic Swedish lakes affected by rapid climate change
- 2018
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Swedish alpine and subarctic areas undergo rapid transitions due to climate change, especially in relatively humid areas where the forest vegetation is expanding. It has been suggested that lakes in these areas are in transition from clearwater into brownwater state, because of the humus layer building up in surrounding soils, with negative consequences, e.g., for the biomass production of zooplankton and fish. However, this idea remains a hypothesis to be tested at a large scale. We used the new high-resolution satellite Sentinel-2 to evaluate the relationship between lake color and forest succession in 250 widely distributed lakes across Sweden. Preliminary results show that lakes remain surprisingly clear in areas of recent forest expansion, suggesting that there is lag time before brownification occurs. Our study could be used to map regions that are sensitive to future water brownification.
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| 9. |
- Taha, Hana, et al.
(författare)
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Knowledge and perceptions about colorectal cancer in Jordan
- 2016
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Ingår i: Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention. - 1513-7368. ; 16:18, s. 8479-8486
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer globally. In Jordan, it is the number one cancer among men and the second most common cancer among women, accounting for 15% and 9.4% respectively of all male and female diagnosed cancers. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge and perceptions about colorectal cancer risk factors, signs and symptoms in Jordan and to provide useful data about the best modes of disseminating preventive messages about the disease. Materials and Methods: A stratified clustered random sampling technique was used to recruit 300 males and 300 females aged 30 to 65 years without a previous history of CRC from four governorates in Jordan. A semi-structured questionnaire and face to face interviews were employed. Descriptive and multivariate analysis was applied to assess knowledge and perceptions about CRC. Results: Both males and females perceived their CRC risk to be low. They had low knowledge scores about CRC with no significant gender association (P= 0.47). From a maximum knowledge score of 18 points, the median scores of males and females were 4 points (SD = 2.346, range 0-13) and 4 points (SD= 2.329, range 0-11) respectively. Better knowledge scores were associated with governorate, higher educational level, older age, higher income, having a chronic disease, having a family history of CRC, previously knowing someone who had CRC and their doctor's knowledge about their family history of CRC. Conclusions: There is a low level of knowledge about CRC and underestimation of risk among the study participants. This underlines the need for public health interventions to create awareness about the illness. It also calls for further research to assess the knowledge and perceptions about CRC early detection examinations in Jordan.
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