| 1. |
- Bjelke, Ulf, et al.
(författare)
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Crustacea : Kräftdjur - crustaceans
- 2010
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Ingår i: The 2010 Red List of Swedish Species. Rödlistade arter i Sverige 2010. - Uppsala : ArtDatabanken, SLU. - 9789188506351 ; , s. 487-493
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 2. |
- Bjelke, Ulf, et al.
(författare)
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Mollusca : Blötdjur - Molluscs
- 2010
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Ingår i: The 2010 Red List of Swedish Species. Rödlistade arter i Sverige 2010. - Uppsala : ArtDatabanken, SLU. - 9789188506351 ; , s. 495-505
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Balldin, Jan, 1935, et al.
(författare)
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Gamma-glutamyltransferase in alcohol use disorders: Modification of decision limits in relation to treatment goals?
- 2010
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of clinical and laboratory investigation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1502-7686 .- 0036-5513. ; 70:2, s. 71-74
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract Serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is recommended as a marker for alcohol use disorders by the Swedish National Guidelines for Addiction, although it has a low sensitivity and specificity. GGT is inexpensive and easily accessible but additional knowledge is required on how to use the marker in patients with various levels of alcohol intake. Levels of GGT were obtained from 37 male social drinkers (< 100 grams pure alcohol weekly) and 18 former alcohol-dependent males with long-term (6 +/- 5 years) abstinence. Reproducibility was calculated through repeated blood samplings. Mean serum activity of GGT, in former alcohol-dependent males, was 0.26 microkat/L with an intra-class correlation coefficient of 0.85. In social drinkers, these figures were 0.34 microkat/L and 0.92, respectively. In treatment of males, with the goal of abstinence, upper reference limit is suggested to be 0.40 microkat/L. Goals of non-harmful drinking (< 100 grams weekly) suggest higher limits (0.62 microkat/L). Thirty percent increase of GGT should be suggestive of relapse.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Berggren, Ulf, 1948, et al.
(författare)
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Dopamine D2 Receptor Genotype Is Associated with Increased Mortality at a 10-Year Follow-up of Alcohol-Dependent Individuals.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Alcohol and alcoholism. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1464-3502 .- 0735-0414. ; 45:1, s. 1-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIMS: Because the TAQ1 A1 allele may be associated with alcohol-related medical illnesses, and medical illnesses in alcohol-dependent individuals are associated with increased mortality, we test the hypothesis that the TAQ1 A1 allele of the DRD2 gene is associated with increased mortality in alcohol-dependent individuals. METHODS: Following an index treatment episode, a 10-year follow-up study in 366 alcohol-dependent individuals was performed. The TAQ1 A1/A2 DRD2 genotype and allele frequencies were compared between those deceased and those still living at the 10-year point. In addition, the genotype and allele frequencies of these alcohol-dependent individuals were compared to that in 578 control subjects. RESULTS: The prevalence of the A1 allele differed between the deceased and living patients and the controls: 47% of the deceased were A1+, compared to 37% of the living patients and 32% of the controls. The frequency of the TAQ1 A1/A2 genotype also differed between the groups. Thus, 43% had the A1/A2 genotype in comparison with 32% in the living patients and 29% in the controls. The TAQ 1 A1 allele frequency differed between the groups. The frequency of A1 allele was 25% in the deceased patients compared to 21% in the living patients and 17% in the controls. CONCLUSION: The TAQ I A1 allele of the DRD2 gene (or DRD2 gene region) was associated with increased mortality over a 10-year period in alcohol-dependent individuals.
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| 7. |
- Berglund, Kristina, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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Childhood Maltreatment Affects the Serotonergic System in Male Alcohol-Dependent Individuals
- 2013
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Ingår i: Alcoholism. - : Wiley. - 0145-6008 .- 1530-0277. ; 37:5, s. 757-762
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Reduced central serotonergic neurotransmission has been demonstrated in individuals with excessive alcohol consumption and/or alcohol dependence. Childhood maltreatment has also been found to have a negative impact on central serotonergic neurotransmission. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of childhood maltreatment on central serotonergic dysfunction in alcohol-dependent individuals.Methods: Adult men with a diagnosis of alcohol dependence (n=18) were recruited from outpatient treatment units for alcoholism. Central serotonergic neurotransmission was assessed by a neuroendocrine method, that is, the prolactin (PRL) response to the selective 5-HT reuptake inhibitor citalopram. Childhood maltreatment was assessed retrospectively by the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire.Results: Alcohol-dependent individuals with childhood experience of emotional abuse had significantly lower PRL response compared with those without such abuse (3 +/- 5 and 64 +/- 24mU/l, respectively; t=6.51, p<0.001). Among those who reported childhood emotional abuse, 4 of 7 individuals had flat PRL responses in comparison with none in those with no report of such abuse (p<0.01).Conclusions: This is the first study to show that self-reported childhood maltreatment, in particular emotional abuse, in male alcohol-dependent individuals is associated with a quite dramatic (more than 90%) reduction in central serotonergic neurotransmission. It should, however, be noted that the number of individuals is relatively small, and the results should therefore be considered as preliminary.
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| 8. |
- Berglund, Kristina, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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Do men with excessive alcohol consumption and social stability have an addictive personality?
- 2011
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology. - : Wiley. - 0036-5564 .- 1467-9450. ; 52:3, s. 257-260
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The existence of an "addictive" personality has been extensively debated. The current study investigated personality in male individuals with excessive alcohol consumption (n = 100) in comparison to a population-based control group (n = 131). The individuals with excessive alcohol consumption were recruited by advertisements in a regional daily newspaper and controls from a population based Swedish Twin Registry. Personality was assessed by the Karolinska Scales of Personality (KSP). Comparisons were made with normative data. Furthermore, by using a multivariate projection-based approach (Principal Component Analysis; PCA), hidden structures of traits and possible relationships among the individuals with excessive consumption and the controls was investigated. The individuals with excessive alcohol consumption as well as the controls had mean values within the normative range in all scales of the KSP. Moreover, the PCA analysis revealed no systematic between-group separation. Taken together, this result demonstrates that male individuals with excessive alcohol consumption do not have a personality different from that of a general population, which supports the notion of no "addictive personality".
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Dahlgren, Angelica, et al.
(författare)
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Do Alcohol-dependent individuals with DRD2 A1 allele have an increased risk of relapse? A pilot study
- 2011
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Ingår i: Alcohol and Alcoholism. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0735-0414 .- 1464-3502. ; 46:5, s. 509-513
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: The TaqIA polymorphism of the dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) gene has been extensively studied in relation to alcoholism, and the TaqI A1 allele appears to be over-represented in alcohol-dependent individuals. In a recent study, this allele has also been associated with a highly increased mortality rate in alcohol-dependent individuals. In the present study, we investigated whether the TaqI A1 allele of the DRD2 gene region was associated with a higher relapse rate in alcohol-dependent individuals. Methods: Adult women (n = 10) and men (n = 40) with a diagnosis of alcohol-dependence were recruited from two Swedish 12-step treatment units for alcoholism. Subjects were genotyped for the TaqIA polymorphism. On average, 11/2 year after the end of the treatment program, subjects were re-interviewed by using the alcohol-related items from the Addiction Severity Index follow-up version. Results: Thirty-three (66%) subjects self-reported relapse and 17 (34%) abstinence during the follow-up period. Thirty-sex percent (18/50) were carriers of the A1 allele of the DRD2 gene region, and 64% (32/50) were non-carriers. Among the carriers of the A1 allele, 89% (16/18) reported relapse in contrast to 53% (17/32) in the non-carriers (P = 0.01; odds ratio = 7.1). Conclusion: The present study is, to our knowledge, the first report of an association between the TaqI A1 allele and a substantially increased relapse rate. It should be emphasized that the number of subjects is relatively small, and this investigation should therefore be considered as a pilot study. © The Author 2011. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Medical Council on Alcohol. All rights reserved.
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