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- Aronsson, Mora, et al.
(författare)
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Sveriges arter och naturtyper i EU:s art- och habitatdirektiv : Resultat från rapportering 2019 till EU av bevarandestatus 2013-2018
- 2020
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Sverige har en variationsrik natur med storslagen fjällmiljö, myllrande våtmarker, vattendrag och sjöar, kust och hav, skogar och odlingslandskap, alla med ett rikt växt och djurliv. Den här fantastiska biologiska mångfalden tas ofta för given och ibland som en lyx, men oavsett vilket är det en förutsättning för vår överlevnad.2019 rapporterade Sverige statusen till EU för perioden 2013–2018 för de naturtyper och arter i Sverige som är listade i art- och habitatdirektivet. Den berättar att 20 procent av naturtyperna och 40 procent av arterna mår bra. Den biologiska mångfalden är hårt trängd i såväl Sverige som i andra EU-länder.Den här rapporten sammanfattar Sveriges rapportering och innehåller beskrivningar av status för naturtyper och arter, påverkan, hot och trender. Rapporten ger kunskap om tillståndet för den biologiska mångfalden i Sverige med hjälp av de arter och naturtyper som är listade i EU:s art- och habitatdirektiv.Rapporten visar hur naturmiljöerna i Sverige förändas, och sammanfattar den senaste kunskapen om vilka faktorer som driver dessa förändringar. Även exempel på hur vi genom restaurerings- och skötselåtgärder kan hejda förlusten av biologisk mångfald tas upp.
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| 2. |
- Ask Gullstrand, Patricia, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic parameters of pregnancy loss in dairy cows estimated from pregnancy-associated glycoproteins in milk
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Dairy Science. - 0022-0302 .- 1525-3198. ; 106, s. 6316-6324
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study examined the feasibility of using pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAG) in milk within breeding for pregnancy maintenance and assessed the genetic variation in pregnancy loss traits. A total of 374,206 PAG samples from 41,889 Swedish Red (SR) and 82,187 Swedish Holstein (SH) cows were collected at monthly test-day milkings in 1,119 Swedish herds. Pregnancy status was defined based on PAG levels and confirmed by data on artificial insemination (AI), calving, and culling from d 1 postinsemination to calving. Pregnancy loss traits were defined as embryonic loss (diagnosed 28 d to 41 d after AI), fetal loss (42 d after AI until calving), and total pregnancy loss. Least squares means (± standard error, %) and genetic parameters were estimated using mixed linear models. Heritability was estimated to be 0.02, 0.02, and 0.03 for embryonic loss, fetal loss, and total pregnancy loss, respectively. Cows with pregnancy loss had lower PAG concentrations than cows which successfully maintained pregnancy and calved. PAG recording was limited to monthly test-day milking, resulting in low estimated embryonic loss (17.5 ± 0.4 and 18.7 ± 0.4 in SR and SH, respectively) and higher fetal loss (32.8 ± 0.5 and 35.1 ± 0.5 in SR and SH, respectively). Pregnancy loss might have occurred earlier but remained undetected until the next test-day milking, when it was recorded as fetal loss rather than embryonic loss. Estimated genetic correlation between embryonic and fetal pregnancy loss traits and classical fertility traits were in general high. Identification of novel genetic traits from PAG data can be highly specific, as PAG are only secreted by the placenta. Thus, PAG could be useful indicators in selection to genetically improve pregnancy maintenance and reduce reproductive losses in milk production. Further studies are needed to clarify how these results could be applied in breeding programs concurrent with selection for classical fertility traits.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Berglund, Britt
(författare)
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Ny studie visar att SRB har lägre dräktighetsförluster än Holstein
- 2021
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Ingår i: SRB-bladet. - 2003-5594. ; , s. 21-21
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Ny studie visar att SRB har lägre dräktighetsförlust än Holstein. De totala dräktighetsförlusterna efter inseminering var ca 54% för SRB och ca 61% för Holstein. Dessa baserades på automatiska registreringar av mjölkprogesteron. Arvbarheterna för dräktighetsförlusterna var låga men jämförbara med klassiska fruktsamhetsegenskaper. Studien ger underlag för hur man bättre ska kunna ta hänsyn till dräktighetsförluster inom avelsarbetet.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Gullstrand, Patricia, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic parameters for reproductive losses estimated from in-line milk progesterone profiles in Swedish dairy cattle
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Dairy Science. - : American Dairy Science Association. - 0022-0302 .- 1525-3198. ; 104, s. 3231-3239
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study assessed the extent of reproductive losses and associated genetic parameters in dairy cattle, using in-line milk progesterone records for 14 Swedish herds collected by DeLaval's Herd Navigator. A total of 330,071 progesterone samples were linked to 10,219 inseminations (AI) from 5,238 lactations in 1,457 Swedish Red and 1,847 Swedish Holstein cows. Pregnancy loss traits were defined as early embryonic loss (1–24 d after AI), late embryonic loss (25–41 d after AI), fetal loss (42 d after AI until calving), and total pregnancy loss (from d 1 after AI until calving). The following classical fertility traits were also analyzed: interval from calving to first service, interval from calving to last service, interval between first and last service, calving interval, and number of inseminations per service period. Least squares means with standard error (LSM ± SE), heritabilities, and genetic correlations were estimated in a mixed linear model. Fixed effects included breed, parity (1, 2, ≥3), estrus cycle number when the AI took place, and a linear regression on 305-d milk yield. Herd by year and season of AI, cow, and permanent environmental effect were considered random effects. Extensive (approximately 45%) early embryonic loss was found, but with no difference between the breeds. Swedish Red was superior to Swedish Holstein in the remaining pregnancy loss traits with, respectively: late embryonic loss of 6.1 ± 1.2% compared with 13.3 ± 1.1%, fetal loss of 7.0 ± 1.2% compared with 12.3 ± 1.2%, and total pregnancy loss of 54.4 ± 1.4% compared with 60.6 ± 1.4%. Swedish Red also had shorter calving to first service and calving to last service than Swedish Holstein. Estimated heritability was 0.03, 0.06, and 0.02 for early embryonic, late embryonic, and total pregnancy loss, respectively. Milk yield was moderately genetically correlated with both early and late embryonic loss (0.52 and 0.39, respectively). The pregnancy loss traits were also correlated with several classical fertility traits (−0.46 to 0.92). In conclusion, Swedish Red cows had lower reproductive loss during late embryonic stage, fetal stage, and in total, and better fertility than Swedish Holstein cows. The heritability estimates for pregnancy loss traits were of the same order of magnitude as previously reported for classical fertility traits. These findings could be valuable in work to determine genetic variation in reproductive loss and its potential usefulness as an alternative fertility trait to be considered in genetic or genomic evaluations.
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| 10. |
- Tarekegn, Getinet Mekuriaw, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic parameters of forage dry matter intake and milk produced from forage in Swedish Red and Holstein dairy cows
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Dairy Science. - : American Dairy Science Association. - 0022-0302 .- 1525-3198. ; 104, s. 4424-4440
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High-yielding dairy cows are often fed high proportions of cereal grain and pulses. For several reasons, it would be desirable to replace these feed sources with forage, which is not suitable for human consumption. Feeding large amounts of forage to dairy cows could also make dairy production more publicly acceptable in the future. In this study, we estimated genetic parameters for total dry matter intake (DMI), DMI from forage (DMIFor), energy-corrected milk (ECM), and ECM produced from forage (ECMFor). A total of 1,177 lactations from 575 cows of Swedish Red (SR) and Holstein (HOL) dairy breeds were included in the study. Mixed linear animal random regression models were used, with fixed effect of calving season and lactation week nested within parity 1 and 2+, fixed effect of calving year, and random regression coefficients for breeding value (up to linear) and permanent environmental effect (up to quadratic) of the cow. Heritability for DMI and DMIFor was generally higher for HOL than for SR in all-parity data and in later parities; however, the opposite was true for first parity. Heritability for DMI and DMIFor during the first 8 wk averaged 0.11 and 0.15, respectively, in all-parity data for the 2 breeds. Corresponding values for ECMFor and ECM were 0.21 and 0.29, respectively. In first parity, values were 0.32, 0.36, 0.28, and 0.51, respectively. The genetic correlation between DMI and DMIFor was high, above 0.83, and fairly constant across the lactation. The genetic correlation between ECMFor and ECM was close to unity in the later part of lactation for both breeds, but was around 0.8 in the early lactation for both breeds; it decreased for HOL to 0.54 in wk 17. The genetic correlations between DMI and ECMFor and between DMIFor and ECMFor were low and negative for HOL (absolute value similar to 0.2-0.3), but changed for SR from weakly positive in early lactation to negative values and back to positive toward the end of lactation. For most traits, the correlation between wk 1 and wk 8 into the lactation was very high; the lowest value was for DMI in HOL at 0.81. The genetic correlation between parities was rather high in the first part of the lactation. During the first 8 wk, the correlation was lower for HOL than for SR, except for ECM. We found that DMIFor and ECMFor showed reasonably large heritability, and future work should explore the possibility of genomic evaluations.
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