| 1. |
- Balldin, Jan, 1935, et al.
(författare)
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Gamma-glutamyltransferase in alcohol use disorders: Modification of decision limits in relation to treatment goals?
- 2010
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of clinical and laboratory investigation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1502-7686 .- 0036-5513. ; 70:2, s. 71-74
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract Serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is recommended as a marker for alcohol use disorders by the Swedish National Guidelines for Addiction, although it has a low sensitivity and specificity. GGT is inexpensive and easily accessible but additional knowledge is required on how to use the marker in patients with various levels of alcohol intake. Levels of GGT were obtained from 37 male social drinkers (< 100 grams pure alcohol weekly) and 18 former alcohol-dependent males with long-term (6 +/- 5 years) abstinence. Reproducibility was calculated through repeated blood samplings. Mean serum activity of GGT, in former alcohol-dependent males, was 0.26 microkat/L with an intra-class correlation coefficient of 0.85. In social drinkers, these figures were 0.34 microkat/L and 0.92, respectively. In treatment of males, with the goal of abstinence, upper reference limit is suggested to be 0.40 microkat/L. Goals of non-harmful drinking (< 100 grams weekly) suggest higher limits (0.62 microkat/L). Thirty percent increase of GGT should be suggestive of relapse.
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| 2. |
- Berggren, Ulf, 1948, et al.
(författare)
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Dopamine D2 Receptor Genotype Is Associated with Increased Mortality at a 10-Year Follow-up of Alcohol-Dependent Individuals.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Alcohol and alcoholism. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1464-3502 .- 0735-0414. ; 45:1, s. 1-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIMS: Because the TAQ1 A1 allele may be associated with alcohol-related medical illnesses, and medical illnesses in alcohol-dependent individuals are associated with increased mortality, we test the hypothesis that the TAQ1 A1 allele of the DRD2 gene is associated with increased mortality in alcohol-dependent individuals. METHODS: Following an index treatment episode, a 10-year follow-up study in 366 alcohol-dependent individuals was performed. The TAQ1 A1/A2 DRD2 genotype and allele frequencies were compared between those deceased and those still living at the 10-year point. In addition, the genotype and allele frequencies of these alcohol-dependent individuals were compared to that in 578 control subjects. RESULTS: The prevalence of the A1 allele differed between the deceased and living patients and the controls: 47% of the deceased were A1+, compared to 37% of the living patients and 32% of the controls. The frequency of the TAQ1 A1/A2 genotype also differed between the groups. Thus, 43% had the A1/A2 genotype in comparison with 32% in the living patients and 29% in the controls. The TAQ 1 A1 allele frequency differed between the groups. The frequency of A1 allele was 25% in the deceased patients compared to 21% in the living patients and 17% in the controls. CONCLUSION: The TAQ I A1 allele of the DRD2 gene (or DRD2 gene region) was associated with increased mortality over a 10-year period in alcohol-dependent individuals.
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| 3. |
- Berglund, Henrik, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Business model innovation from an open systems perspective : Structural challenges and managerial solutions
- 2013
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Ingår i: International Journal of Product Development. - : InderScience Publishers. - 1477-9056 .- 1741-8178. ; 18:3-4, s. 274-285
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is an emerging consensus that business models are systemic and transcend firm boundaries. Yet, existing research on Business Model Innovation (BMI) challenges focus almost exclusively on intra-firm factors such as capabilities, cognition and leadership. We explore challenges related to BMI by instead drawing on an open systems perspective on organisations. In particular, we argue that the systemic and boundary-spanning nature of business models imply that firms are forced to act under conditions of interdependence and restricted freedom, since they do not have executive control over their surrounding network. Consequently, we propose that suitable managerial solutions include the development of shared knowledge, appropriability regimes based on trust, network stability and the alignment of heterogeneous interests.
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| 4. |
- Berglund, Henrik, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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CBIs studie om innovationsledning
- 2011
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- CBI har under andra halvåret 2010 och första halvåret 2011 genomfört en studie av innovationsledning hos 38 utvalda svenska företag inom tillverkning, IT och Telekom. Syftet var att undersöka hur företagen leder och organiserar innovation samt vilka utmaningar de står inför. Frågorna har besvarats av antingen VD eller en medlem i ledningsgruppen med insyn i företagets hantering av innovation.Resultatet visar att -de flesta företagen inte skiljer på radikal och inkrementell innovation-i många företag används ordet innovation för all produkt- och tjänsteutveckling-de flesta företag ser en ökning av innovationstakten inom sin respektive bransch-de flesta företag uttrycker att innovation är viktigt, samtidigt som få företag har innovationsfrågor bland sina tre största utmaningar-hälften av företagen använder någon form av rutin för att stärka sin förmåga att skapa nya produkter och tjänster, men endast ett fåtal använder flera olika rutiner-förstainnovationsföretagen (mindre, relativt nystartade företag) skiljer sig från de övriga i det att de är starkt innovationscentrerade-många företag välkomnar stöd från akademin, men endast ett fåtal önskar stöd att öka sin innovationsförmågaCBIs samtliga seniora forskare har genomfört intervjuerna.
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| 5. |
- Berglund, Henrik, 1973
(författare)
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Early stage Venture Capital investing: Comparing California and Scandinavia
- 2011
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Ingår i: Venture Capital. - 1369-1066 .- 1464-5343. ; 13:2, s. 119-145
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- While venture capital has become a global phenomenon, our knowledge about regional differences in VC behavior is quite poor. Most cross-regional comparisons have been quantitative replications of US based studies, which has made it difficult to discern qualitative differences. To help remedy this situation, we conducted semi-structured open interviews with altogether twelve early stage VCs in California and Scandinavia. The results, which are presented in some detail, reveal substantial differences in VC activities and priorities during deal flow generation, investment, post investment involvement, and exit. Taking a cue from these specific findings, we conclude by suggesting that VCs can be conceived of as fulfilling three ideal typical roles as Investors, Coaches and Partners. Since they imply quite different modes of engaging with portfolio companies, it is also suggested that these roles “ while based on a limited sample “ may be useful for discriminating between VCs also in other settings.
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| 6. |
- Berglund, Henrik, 1973
(författare)
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Interviews with Pioneers in Entrepreneurship Research: William Gartner.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Revue de l'Entrepreneuriat. - 1766-2524. ; 10:1, s. 73-82
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Question 1) As a highly influential entrepreneurship scholar with more than 25 years of experience, you have helped launch large-scale empirical research programmes (e.g. PSED), pioneered new theoretical perspectives (e.g. the focus on behaviors rather than character traits), and also -- perhaps as a consequence of this -- actively engaged in debates and discussions of a more paradigmatic nature. In light of this wide-ranging experience, what is your own personal view of the history and current state of entrepreneurship as a field of research?Question 2) Let's focus more narrowly on how to understand and study entrepreneurial action or behavior. As I see it, much of this research can be roughly organized under three headings that reflect broad research programmes in entrepreneurship studies, and also correspond to generic views of human action, viz.: the empiricism of behavioral approaches, the rationalism of cognitive approaches, and the interpretivism of discursive approaches (Berglund 2005). Again accord- ing to my interpretation, behavioral approaches tend to downplay the subjective meanings that actions have to individuals in favor of objective examinations of specific behaviors. Cognitive approaches seek to address intentionality and meaning by showing how different thought styles and knowledge structures, e.g. heuristics and biases, cause different behaviors. Discursive approaches explicitly probe the subjective meanings actions have to individuals by investigating how entrepreneurial actions and decisions are affected by more or less public narratives and discourses. ...
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| 7. |
- Berglund, Martin, 1981-
(författare)
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Characterizing Non-Regularity
- 2014
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper considers a characterization of the context-free non-regular languages, conjecturing that there for all such languages exists a fixed string thatcan be pumped to exhibit infinitely many equivalence classes. A proof is given only for a special case, but the general statement is conjectured to hold. The conjecture is then shown to imply that the shuffle of two context-free languagesis not context-free.
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| 8. |
- Berglund, Martin, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Cuts in Regular Expressions
- 2013
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Ingår i: Developments in Language Theory. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. - 9783642387708 - 9783642387715 ; , s. 70-81
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Most software packages with regular expression matching engines offer operators that extend the classical regular expressions, such as counting, intersection, complementation, and interleaving. Some of the most popular engines, for example those of Java and Perl, also provide operators that are intended to control the nondeterminism inherent in regular expressions. We formalize this notion in the form of the cut and iterated cut operators. They do not extend the class of languages that can be defined beyond the regular, but they allow for exponentially more succinct representation of some languages. Membership testing remains polynomial, but emptiness testing becomes PSPACE-hard.
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| 9. |
- Berglund, Martin, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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On the Parameterized Complexity of Linear Context-Free Rewriting Systems
- 2013
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 13th Meeting on the Mathematics of Language (MoL 13). - : Association for Computational Linguistics. - 9781937284657 ; , s. 21-29
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We study the complexity of uniform membership for Linear Context-Free RewritingSystems, i.e., the problem where we aregiven a string w and a grammar G and areasked whether w ∈ L(G). In particular,we use parameterized complexity theoryto investigate how the complexity dependson various parameters. While we focusprimarily on rank and fan-out, derivationlength is also considered.
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| 10. |
- Berglund, Martin, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Shuffled languages : representation and recognition
- 2013
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Ingår i: Theoretical Computer Science. - : Elsevier. - 0304-3975 .- 1879-2294. ; 489-490, s. 1-20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Language models that use interleaving, or shuffle, operators have applications in various areas of computer science, including system verification, plan recognition, and natural language processing. We study the complexity of the membership problem for such models, in other words, how difficult it is to determine if a string belongs to a language or not. In particular, we investigate how interleaving can be introduced into models that capture the context-free languages.
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