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- Gabrielson, Marike, et al.
(författare)
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Inclusion of Plasma Prolactin Levels in Current Risk Prediction Models of Premenopausal and Postmenopausal Breast Cancer
- 2018
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Ingår i: JNCI CANCER SPECTRUM. - : OXFORD UNIV PRESS. - 2515-5091. ; 2:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Circulating plasma prolactin is associated with breast cancer risk and may improve our ability to identify high-risk women. Mammographic density is a strong risk factor for breast cancer, but the association with prolactin is unclear. We studied the association between breast cancer, established breast cancer risk factors and plasma prolactin, and improvement of risk prediction by adding prolactin. Methods: We conducted a nested case-control study including 721 breast cancer patients and 1400 age-matched controls. Plasma prolactin levels were assayed using immunoassay and mammographic density measured by STRATUS. Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated by multivariable adjusted logistic regression, and improvement in the area under the curve for the risk of breast cancer by adding prolactin to established risk models. Statistical tests were two-sided. Results: In multivariable adjusted analyses, prolactin was associated with risk of premenopausal (OR, top vs bottom quintile = 1.9; 1.88 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.08 to 3.26) but not with postmenopausal breast cancer. In postmenopausal cases prolactin increased by 10.6% per cBIRADS category (P-trend = .03). In combined analyses of prolactin and mammographic density, ORs for women in the highest vs lowest tertile of both was 3.2 (95% CI = 1.3 to 7.7) for premenopausal women and 2.44 (95% CI = 1.44 to 4.14) for postmenopausal women. Adding prolactin to current risk models improved the area under the curve of the Gail model (+2.4 units, P = .02), Tyrer-Cuzick model (+3.8, P = .02), and the CAD2Y model (+1.7, P = .008) in premenopausal women. Conclusion: Circulating plasma prolactin and mammographic density appear independently associated with breast cancer risk among premenopausal women, and prolactin may improve risk prediction by current risk models.
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| 3. |
- Bergquist, Mikael
(författare)
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Josef Frank : Villa Carlsten
- 2019
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Between 1924 and 1936, Austrian-born architect Josef Frank built five holiday homes on the Falsterbo Peninsula in southern Sweden. Conceived as summer houses for friends and relatives of Frank’s Swedish wife, the Falsterbo Villas constitute a key part of Frank’s architectural work and demonstrate concerns at the core of his housing designs. In 2016, Villa Carlsten, the smallest of the Falsterbo houses, underwent an extensive restoration. Published on the occasion of its completion, Josef Frank—Villa Carlsten is the first book to comprehensively document the building. As with all of Frank’s housing designs, Villa Carlsten sees the architect paying special attention to the connection between interior and exterior, to the availability of daylight, and to inhabitants’ movements throughout the building. A particular part of Villa Carlsten’s charm is its scale, as everything is of slightly smaller dimensions than one would expect. Despite its intricate layout, however, Villa Carlsten is also one of Frank’s most accessible homes, and the design is full of wit, combining comfort with modern refinement.Beautifully designed with seventy-five full-color photographs by Mikael Olsson, who adeptly highlights the home’s qualities and relationship with its surroundings, the book also includes an essay by Mikael Bergquist, who realized the renovation and places Villa Carlsten in context with the other Falsterbo Villas and Frank’s broader work.
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| 4. |
- Bergquist, Mikael
(författare)
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Josef Frank Spaces
- 2016. - 1000
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Josef Frank (1885–1967) ranks among Europe’s most significant architects of the twentieth century, and his designs for furniture and textiles have made him one of the eminent figures of modernist interior design. Though there have been many studies of Frank’s architecture previously, Josef Frank—Spaces is the first comprehensive book to look specifically at Frank’s single-family houses.Architects Mikael Bergquist and Olof Michelsen explore the evolution of Frank’s designs for single-family homes over the years, and they investigate the influences that shaped his work, such as Adolf Loos’s “spatial plan” concept, Le Corbusier’s ideas, and Hermann Muthesius’s groundbreaking book The English House. The authors also look at Frank’s architectural concepts of movement and his use of stairs in residential buildings. The book also includes an in-depth examination of six of Frank’s houses, including both built projects—Villas Claeson and Wehtje in Falsterbo, Sweden, and Villa Beer in Vienna—and unrealized ones—House for Vienna XIII, House MS in Los Angeles, and Fantasy House 9 (Accidental House). This section includes images and plans of each of the houses and a close analysis of their specific characteristics. A complete catalog of Frank’s single-family houses rounds out the book.Featuring new material and many previously unpublished images and plans, Josef Frank—Spaces will be the authoritative reference to this renowned architect’s contributions to the design of residential dwellings.
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| 5. |
- Fridén, Mikael E, 1984-
(författare)
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Development of Methods for Analysis of Valuable Compounds in By-products from Agricultural and Forestry Industrial Sectors
- 2015
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A growing interest in sustainable development has made efficient utilisation of starting materials and, if they occur, by-products become increasingly important. Vast amounts of by-products are generated by the forestry and food industry. Incineration for energy production is one way to make use of these by-products but some of them contain compounds that would have an increased value if they were extracted, so called “high value species”. The by-products are often very complex, so reliable methods for analysis of the high value species are required in the development of processes to utilise them. A wide range of compounds can be analysed using chromatographic separation coupled to mass spectrometry, making it a powerful tool in the evaluation of methods for extracting high value species from industry by-products.This thesis is based on four studies of potential high value species. In the first study, methods were developed to differentiate isobaric flavonoids and then use this knowledge to determine the identity of the flavonoids in three different plant extracts. In the second study, three different methods to extract betulin from birch bark were evaluated regarding extracted amount and purity of betulin. One of the methods was then investigated in industrial scale using a model approach. In the third study, the flavonoid contents of lovage were determined and other major extracted compounds were investigated by high performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry. Gas chromatography and supercritical fluid chromatography were used to obtain complementary information about major components. In the fourth study, high resolution mass spectrometry utilising two different types of fragmentation was used with the purpose of overcoming the shortcomings of the methods developed in the first study. The results indicated that it would be possible to develop methods compatible with chromatographic separation for differentiating different types of isobaric substituents. The ability of performing sequential fragmentation was used to investigate some isobaric aglycones by creating spectral trees, and unique pathways were found for each of them.
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| 6. |
- Idström, Alexander, et al.
(författare)
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Dissolution of cellulose in tetrabutylammonium acetate/dimethyl sulfoxide
- 2016
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Ingår i: The 7th Workshop on cellulose, regenerated cellulose and cellulose derivatives. ; , s. 15-18
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The dissolution of cellulose in tetrabutylammonium acetate (TBAAc)/dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was studied combining experimental and simulation techniques. It was found that the dissolution limit at 40 °C corresponded to a molar ratio close to one acetate per cellulose anhydroglucose units. MD simulations suggested that the acetate ions bind to cellulose by dual hydrogen bonds. This effectively turns cellulose into a polyelectrolyte, attracting the bulky tetrabutylammonium (TBA+) counter ions, which prevent close contact between chains in the dissolved state. This hypothesis was tested by 1H- and 13C-NMR spectroscopy, which confirmed that acetate forms hydrogen bonds to cellulose, and by diffusion NMR spectroscopy, which demonstrated a strong dynamic correlation between bound acetate and tetrabutylammonium in near-quantitative agreement with simulation. The present results suggest that offering hydrogen bonding to the acetate ions is the main driving force for dissolving cellulose and that the TBA+ counter ions form a diffuse layer around the acetate-decorated cellulose chains.
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| 7. |
- Idström, Alexander, et al.
(författare)
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On the dissolution of cellulose in tetrabutylammonium acetate/dimethyl sulfoxide : a frustrated solvent
- 2017
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Ingår i: Cellulose. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0969-0239 .- 1572-882X. ; 24:9, s. 3645-3657
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have found that the dissolution of cellulose in the binary mixed solvent tetrabutylammonium acetate/dimethyl sulfoxide follows a previously overlooked near-stoichiometric relationship such that one dissolved acetate ion is able to dissolve an amount of cellulose corresponding to about one glucose residue. The structure and dynamics of the resulting cellulose solutions were investigated using small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and nuclear magnetic resonance techniques as well as molecular dynamics simulation. This yielded a detailed picture of the dissolution mechanism in which acetate ions form hydrogen bonds to cellulose and causes a diffuse solvation sheath of bulky tetrabutylammonium counterions to form. In turn, this leads to a steric repulsion that helps to keep the cellulose chains apart. Structural similarities to previously investigated cellulose solutions in aqueous tetrabutylammonium hydroxide were revealed by SAXS measurement. To what extent this corresponds to similarities in dissolution mechanism is discussed.
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