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- Bergström, Kerstin, 1945
(författare)
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Ökat samarbete i gymnasieskola
- 2004
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Ingår i: Rönnerman, K. (red.). Aktionsforskning i praktiken – erfarenheter och reflektioner. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9789144034195 ; , s. 55-71
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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- Dahlman, Thèrése, et al.
(författare)
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Collagen type I expression in experimental anaplastic thyroid carcinoma : regulation and relevance for tumorigenicity
- 2002
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Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - : Wiley. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 98:2, s. 186-192
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fibrosis in solid malignancies plays a significant role in tumor pathophysiology. Potential mechanisms for collagen type I deposition in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) were investigated using 6 characterized ATC cell lines. Three of these cell lines, which produced collagen type I, had, as a group, a poor tumorigenicity when inoculated in athymic mice. This group of cells generated tumors in 4 of 24 injected animals (17%). Pro-alpha 1(I) collagen mRNA-expressing carcinoma and stromal cells were interdispersed in the tumors generated by these ATC cells. By contrast, the 3 noncollagen-producing ATC cell lines were all tumorigenic with a tumor take of 60% in the whole group. In the latter tumors, pro-alpha 1(I) collagen mRNA-expressing cells were confined to the stromal compartment, well delineated from carcinoma cell islets. To study the influence of ATC cells on collagen type I synthesis by fibroblasts, we used AG 1518 diploid human fibroblasts cultured on poly-(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (poly[HEMA])-coated plates. This culture condition allows the study of the effect of collagen mRNA translation in the regulation of collagen type I synthesis. Conditioned media from the 6 ATC cell lines did not influence collagen synthesis. The ATC cell line KAT-4 stimulated fibroblast synthesis of collagen type I when the two cell types were cocultured on poly[HEMA]-coated substrates. Specific inhibitors of PDGF and TGF-beta reduced the KAT 4 carcinoma cell-induced stimulation of collagen type I synthesis. Our data suggest that collagen type I production by carcinoma cells correlates negatively with tumorigenicity and that the formation of a well-defined stroma is of importance for tumor growth. Furthermore, our data suggest that tumor cells are able to stimulate collagen mRNA translation in stromal fibroblasts in direct cell-cell contact by, at least in part, transferring PDGF or TGF-beta.
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- Saetre, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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From wild wolf to domestic dog : gene expression changes in the brain
- 2004
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Ingår i: Brain Research. Molecular Brain Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0169-328X .- 1872-6941. ; 126:2, s. 198-206
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite the relatively recent divergence time between domestic dogs (Canis familiaris) and gray wolves (Canis lupus), the two species show remarkable behavioral differences. Since dogs and wolves are nearly identical at the level of DNA sequence, we hypothesize that the two species may differ in patterns of gene expression. We compare gene expression patterns in dogs, wolves and a close relative, the coyote (Canis latrans), in three parts of the brain: hypothalamus, amygdala and frontal cortex, with microarray technology. Additionally, we identify genes with region-specific expression patterns in all three species. Among the wild canids, the hypothalamus has a highly conserved expression profile. This contrasts with a marked divergence in domestic dogs. Real-time PCR experiments confirm the altered expression of two neuropeptides, CALCB and NPY. Our results suggest that strong selection on dogs for behavior during domestication may have resulted in modifications of mRNA expression patterns in a few hypothalamic genes with multiple functions. This study indicates that rapid changes in brain gene expression may not be exclusive to the development of human brains. Instead, they may provide a common mechanism for rapid adaptive changes during speciation, particularly in cases that present strong selective pressures on behavioral characters.
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- Söderman, Kerstin, et al.
(författare)
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Bone mass and muscle strength in young female soccer players.
- 2000
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Ingår i: Calcified Tissue International. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0171-967X .- 1432-0827. ; 67:4, s. 297-303
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this cross-sectional study, bone mass and muscle strength of the thigh were investigated in 51 female soccer players, age 16.3 +/- 0. 3 years, who had been playing soccer for 8.1 +/- 2.1 years and were at the time of the study in soccer training for 5.0 +/- 1.7 hours/week. They were compared with 41 nonactive females, age 16.2 +/- 1.3 years. The groups were matched according to age, weight, and height. Areal bone mineral density (BMD) was measured of the total body, head, lumbar spine, femoral neck, Ward's triangle, and the greater trochanter using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Isokinetic muscle strength of the quadriceps and hamstrings muscles was measured using an isokinetic dynamometer. Compared with the nonactives, the soccer players had significantly higher BMD of the total body (2.7%), lumbar spine (6.1%), the dominant and nondominant hip (all sites). The largest differences were found in the greater trochanter on both sides (dominant, 16.5%, nondominant, 14.8%). The soccer players had significantly higher concentric and eccentric peak torque of the thigh muscles. In the soccer group, there was only a positive association between thigh muscle strength and BMD of the adjacent hip, and in the nonactive group there were several positive associations between muscle strength and BMD. However, when adjusting for the variation in weight and height all these associations became nonsignificant. Using multiple linear regression, the type of activity (soccer player, nonactive) independently predicted BMD of all dominant hip sites (beta = 0.32-0.48, P < 0.01). No other variable was found to independently predict BMD of any site. In the younger subjects ( 16 years) the soccer players had significantly higher BMD in all measured sites except for the nonweight-bearing head. The differences in muscle strength between soccer players and nonactives were already seen in the young age group. In conclusion, girls who train and play soccer in adolescence have a higher bone mass in the hip and lumbar spine, and a higher muscle strength of the thigh compared with nonactive controls, indicating a site-specific skeletal response of weight-bearing and impact-loadng acting on the skeleton. The differences in bone mass were already apparent in early adolescence, but became more pronounced in late adolescence, probably explained by a longer exposure to soccer training with time. Our results also indicate that muscle strength in itself might not be of decisive importance for bone mass in the hip of adolescent females.
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