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- Bergström, Clas, et al.
(författare)
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The fate of firms: Explaining Mergers and Bankruptcies
- 2005
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Ingår i: Journal of Empirical Legal studies. - : Wiley. - 1740-1453 .- 1740-1461. ; 2:1, s. 49-85
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using a uniquely complete data set of more than 50,000 observations of approximately 16,000 corporations, we test theories that seek to explain which firms become merger targets and which firms go bankrupt. We find that merger activity is much greater during prosperous periods than during recessions. In bad economic times, firms in industries with high bankruptcy rates are less likely to file for bankruptcy than they are in better years, supporting the market illiquidity arguments made by Shleifer and Vishny (1992). At the firm level, we find that, among poorly performing firms, the likelihood of merger increases with poorer performance, but among better performing firms, the relation is reversed and chances of merger increase with better performance. Such a changing relation has not been detected in prior merger studies. We also find that low-growth, resource-rich firms are prime acquisition targets and that firms’ debt capacity relates negatively to the likelihood of a merger. Debt-related variables, leverage and secured debt, play an especially prominent role in distinguishing between which firms merge and which firms go bankrupt.
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| 6. |
- Bergström, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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A follow-up study of adolescents with conduct disorder: can long-term outcome be predicted from psychiatric assessment data?
- 2008
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Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Psychiatry. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1502-4725 .- 0803-9488. ; 62:2, s. 121-129
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study examines Swedish young adults (mean age 21) with a history of conduct disorder (CD) as adolescents. Using medical records, this study explores the relationship between adolescent inpatients and their outcomes in adulthood. Two outcome variables were used: an indication of non-successful outcome variable (seven undesirable outcomes) and sense of coherence. Using multiple regression analyses, this study showed that extracted data from the medical case record could significantly explain small variance depending on output variable. The small variance could be related to the homogeneous clinical sample, the follow-up time, the outcome variables and the absence of a biological perspective. This study suggest, clinicians should be very careful when predicting outcome in young adulthood, if they should predict outcome at all. The positive conclusion in this matter is that as far as we know any teenager with CD could have a positive outcome in young adulthood.
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| 7. |
- Bergström, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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A long-term follow-up of conduct disorder adolescents into adulthood.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Psychiatry. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1502-4725 .- 0803-9488. ; 60:6, s. 469-479
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study focuses on young male and female adults (n=290) who were diagnosed with conduct disorder (CD) during adolescence at the inpatient child and adolescent psychiatric unit in Lund, Sweden. Their adulthood is described using seven outcome variables: in custody, crime, illicit drug use, mental health, teenage parenthood, transference income and educational attainment. Together, the seven outcome variables represent a wide perspective of individual life and known risks for both genders. The variables are compared, scaled and described in an outcome that identifies successful outcome. Although this was a severe clinical inpatient group of adolescents, a relatively large number - about a third of the males and close to half of the females - exhibit a successful outcome by their early twenties. This study highlighted the merits use gender-sensitive outcome variables. The take-home message from a societal perspective is that many improvements are needed, a message that has been voiced in several Swedish commissions.
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| 8. |
- Bergström, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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A long-term follow-up study of adolescents with conduct disorder: Can outcome be predicted from self-concept and intelligence?
- 2009
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Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Psychiatry. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1502-4725 .- 0803-9488. ; 63:6, s. 454-461
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: This study examines Swedish young adults (age 21) with a history of conduct disorder (CD) in adolescence. Research has established CD as a condition for a range of adverse outcomes. Intelligence, aggression, parent-child conflict, parent-child relation and peer-rejection are known factors influencing the outcome. Aim: The aim of this longitudinal study is to find how self-confidence and intelligence in an inpatient group diagnosed with CD are related to health in young adulthood. Methods: The subjects were diagnosed with CD in their adolescence at the inpatient child and adolescent psychiatric unit. Using structured questionnaires as independent variables, this study uses multiple regression analysis to predict health outcomes. Results: The results showed that self-concept and verbal intelligence could significantly predict health outcomes. However, in the multivariate analysis, only self-concept variables significantly predicted the outcome. The predicted outcome was small, but substantial in most models (R-2 = 0.12-0.25). Conclusion: This means that clinicians need to be humble in forecasting individual adult health among adolescents with severe CD. According to this study, it is difficult to separate positive and negative outcomes. We suggest that this structural data has better prediction potential than medical casebook data. If this is the general case, this psychometric data paves the way for more structural ways of assessing child and adolescence psychiatric problems.
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| 9. |
- Bergström, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Do different scales measure the same construct? Three Sense of Coherence scales.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health. - : BMJ. - 1470-2738 .- 0143-005X. ; 63:2, s. 166-167
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Different scales claim to measure the construct ‘‘Sense of Coherence’’. Results from these scales have been compared without knowing whether they measure the same construct. This article compares two versions of Antonovsky’s original scale (SOC-13 and SOC-29), translated into Swedish, and a three-item scale (SOC-3) that claims to measure Sense of Coherence. Methods: The data were analysed in a cross-sectional setting. The study consisted of university students studying social work (n=395. Results: The original scales had no distribution problems in differentiating Sense of Coherence. The SOC-3 had severe distribution problems. The two versions of the original Sense of Coherence scale had an acceptable reliability (Cronbach’s a; SOC-29=0.93, SOC-13=0.89). The SOC-3 scale did not have an acceptable reliability (Cronbach’s a=0.39). SOC-29 and SOC-13 had a high intercorrelation (r=0.96, p,0.001). The SOC-3 significantly correlated with SOC-29 (r=20.72, p,0.001) and SOC-13 (r=20.67, p,0.001), but the magnitude was significantly lower than the intercorrelation between SOC- 29 and SOC-13 (Fisher’s z-transformation, p,0.001. Conclusions: Because scales that claim to measure the same construct are not always interchangeable, researchers should make sure they compare results from studies that use the same scales.
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| 10. |
- Bergström, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Sense of coherence: definition and explanation
- 2006
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Ingår i: International Journal of Social Welfare. - : Wiley. - 1369-6866 .- 1468-2397. ; 15:3, s. 219-229
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present study is one of a few that have used "sense of coherence" (SOC) as a dependent variable in an explanatory model. After studying three different samples - 680 students, 180 parents and 315 couples - we conclude that family relational and psychopathological variables contribute significantly to the explanation of SOC (explained variance between 10-27 and 26-50 per cent). In total, we obtained an explained variance of between 42 and 64 per cent. This leads us to the conclusion that in all three samples, SOC is multifaceted and thereby is more than simply an opposite state to depression. Context may play an important part in the explanation of SOC.
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