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- Edström, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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Carbon electrode morphology and thermal stability of the passivation layer.
- 2001
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Ingår i: J. Power Sources. - 0378-7753. ; 97-98, s. 87-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Thermal stability of the solid electrolyte interface (SEI)-layers formed on graphite, mesocarbon microbeads and carbon-black anodes is shown to be dependent on the type lithium salt used in the electrolyte. Exothermic breakdown of the passivation layers
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| 2. |
- Lens, MB, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of pregnancy on survival in women with cutaneous malignant melanoma
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Oncology. - 0732-183X .- 1527-7755. ; 22:21, s. 4369-4375
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose An adverse influence of pregnancy on the risk of death in women with cutaneous melanoma was suggested historically by anecdotal reports. Previous studies included small numbers of women observed for short periods. Methods Using data from the Swedish National and Regional Registries, we performed a retrospective cohort study of all Swedish women who were diagnosed with cutaneous melanoma during their reproductive period, from January 1, 1958, to December 31, 1999. The relationship between pregnancy status at the diagnosis of melanoma and overall survival was examined in multivariable proportional-hazards models. Results The cohort comprised 185 women (3.3%) diagnosed with melanoma during pregnancy and 5,348 (96.7%) women of the same childbearing age diagnosed with melanoma while not pregnant. There was no statistically significant difference in overall survival between pregnant and nonpregnant groups (log-rank chi(2)1 [r] = 0.84, P =.361). Pregnancy status at the time of diagnosis of melanoma was not related to survival in a multivariable Cox model in the 2,101 women (hazard ratio for death in the pregnant group was 1.08, 95% Cl, 0.60 to 1.93). In the multivariable analysis, pregnancy status after diagnosis of melanoma was not a significant predictor of survival (hazard ratio for death in women who had pregnancy subsequent to the diagnosis of melanoma was 0.58, 95% Cl, 0.32 to 1.05). Conclusion The survival of pregnant women with melanoma is not worse than the survival of nonpregnant women with melanoma. Pregnancy subsequent to the diagnosis of primary melanoma was not associated with an increased risk of death. (C) 2004 by American Society of Clinical Oncology.
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| 3. |
- Seibert, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Groundwater dynamics along a hillslope : A test of the steady state hypothesis
- 2003
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Ingår i: Water resources research. - 0043-1397 .- 1944-7973. ; 39:1, s. 1014-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- [1] Appropriate conceptual simplifications and assumptions are a central issue for hydrological modeling, especially when those models serve as the foundation for more complex hydrochemical or ecological models. A common and often unexamined assumption in conceptual modeling is that the relation between groundwater levels and runoff can be described as a succession of steady state conditions. This results in a single-valued, monotonic function between the groundwater levels and runoff. Consequently, the simulated rise and fall in groundwater levels always follow the dynamics of runoff. We tested this assumption with an analysis of detailed groundwater level data along two opposing hillslopes along a stream reach in a Swedish till catchment at Svartberget. Groundwater levels in areas close to the stream followed the dynamics of the runoff. The correlation between groundwater level and runoff decreased markedly for wells farther than approximately 40 m from the stream. The levels were often independent of streamflow: Upslope area groundwater could be rising when riparian groundwater and runoff were falling, and vice versa. There was a high degree of correlation between groundwater levels at similar distances from the stream. The median Spearman rank correlation between wells within 35 m from the stream was 0.86 and for wells located more than 60 m from the stream was 0.96. This indicated that there is a common hydrological pattern even in the upslope area that can be identified and modeled. Despite the widespread acceptance of the steady state assumption previously in this and other study catchments, our study shows that it is not valid for the investigated hillslope site. If the divergence from steady state, with potential ramifications for other processes such as runoff chemistry, is common, then it will be worthwhile to reconsider the appropriate range of applicability for the steady state hypothesis, and the alternatives to that hypothesis.
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