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- Björklund, Anita, et al.
(author)
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Health, the Body and Occupational Therapy
- 2000
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 7:1, s. 26-32
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this study was to identify and characterise conceptions of health in a group of experienced occupational therapists. Data-collection involved the occupational therapists´ personal accounts of the meaning of health and data analysis was accomplished qualitatively. The material was found to comprise 52 distinguishable articulations of the meaning of health, which were categorized under three main themes: 22 articulations of Health as “feeling fine“; 20 articulations of Health as ability to act; and 10 articulations of Health as an objective state of body and/or mind. The results show a very strong tendency towards holistic health conceptions and also toward a phenomenological view on the body. If this tendency should be taken to reflect current basic views within the profession this would indicate a movement away from biomedical frames of reference on the theoretical level. This would seem to imply consequent movements on the practice level away from organ focused interventions to the benefit of interventions in the person/context dimension of occupational performance. Studies of processes of change seem to be needed and we suggest that a paradigm theory approach probably be most pertinent.
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| 4. |
- Björklund, Anita
(author)
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Occupational therapy students' paradigms : A passage from beholder to practitioner.
- 2000
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In: Australian Occupational Therapy Journal. - : Wiley. - 0045-0766 .- 1440-1630. ; 47:3, s. 97-109
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The present study has an explorative, comparative design with its starting point in Törnebohm´s theory of paradigms. The aim of the study was to identify and describe how qualified OT students perceived their future profession, especially regarding world view and field of action view, and to compare their conceptions with those of newly enrolled OT students in order to find out the differences and similarities between the two aggregations of paradigms. Data were collected in writing, using essay questions. Data analysis/synthesis was accomplished qualitatively. The comparision between the two groups was carried out through the structure of three themes with appurtenant categories. The qualified occupational therapist students´ notions gave expression to a constant application of a holistic health perspective which in contrast to those of the newly enrolled occupational therapist students resulted in numerous examples of interrelations between themes belonging to different paradigm components. In line with Törnebohm (1987) this is characteristic for paradigms.
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| 5. |
- Björklund, Anita
(author)
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Om arbetsterapeutstudenters och arbetsterapeuters syn på arbetsterapi
- 2000
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In: Vetenskapens dag 3 oktober.
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Conference paper (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- OBJECTIVES:To study quality of life and subjective post-concussion symptoms in adults (16-60 years) with a mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) 3 months and 1 year after injury.METHODS:Of a total of 489 patients 173 responded to questionnaires at 3 months and at 1 year, including the SF-36 health-related quality of life survey, which is a standardized measure validated for Swedish conditions. Post-concussion symptoms were rated as either existing or non-existing in a 21-item checklist [a modified version of Comprehensive Psychopathological Rating Scale (CPRS)].RESULTS:SF-36 showed impaired scores in all dimensions. Existing post-concussion symptoms were reported by 1545%. Significantly, more symptoms were present at 3 months than at 3 weeks after injury. Furthermore, a significant correlation between higher rates of post-concussion symptoms and lower SF-36 scores was found. CONCLUSIONS:The SF-36 results were significantly impaired compared with an age- and gender-matched normative control group and the rate of post-concussion symptoms was significantly higher at 3 months than at 3 weeks after injury. As a significant correlation between higher rates of symptoms and low SF-36 scores was also found we assume SF-36 to be a sensitive enough measure of MTBI-related effects.
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| 7. |
- Björklund, Anita, et al.
(author)
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On the Context of Elderly Persons' Occupational Performance
- 2003
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In: Physical & Occupational Therapy in Geriatrics. - 0270-3181 .- 1541-3152. ; 21:3, s. 49-59
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this study was to describe the context of elderly persons’ occupational performance in order to expose factors affecting their opportunities to age successfully. The study design is a descriptive pilot study and consists of interviews, based on a standardized questionnaire, with thirteen elderly people in their home settings. The results show that the informants’ occupational performance problems are mostly related to their occupational function and physical environment. The informants seem to be satisfied with their life as elderly individuals, but with adequate support, aiming to increase their occupational performance, their wellbeing may increase to benefit both themselves and the society in which they live.
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| 8. |
- Björklund, Anita
(author)
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On the structure and contents of occupational therapist paradigms : empirical studies of occupational therapy students' and occupational therapists' views on occupational therapy
- 2000
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The ambition of this thesis is to contribute, from a paradigm theoretical frame of reference, to the development of occupational therapy knowledge in Sweden. The specified thesis aim was to identify and characterize occupational therapy students´ and occupational therapists´ perceptions of occupational therapy, especially regarding world view and field of action view in Törnebohm´s sense. The thesis includes five sub-studies. The first and second studies are based on newly enrolled and qualified occupational therapy students´ written answers to essay-questions. The third study comprises occupational therapists´ audio- and video-taped thematic discussions and involves a focus group approach. Study four concerns occupational therapists´ exam papers and study five occuptional therapists´ personal accounts of the meaning of health. In study one the newly enrolled occupational therapy students were shown to possess varied information about occupational therapy, but to have difficulty in joining the information together into a coherent unity. Three themes were identified in the material: Notions of some concepts fundamental to occupational therapy; Notions of the setting of occupational therapy; and Notions of the operational reality of occupational therapy. In study two a major finding was that the qualified occupational therapy students´ notions gave expression to a constant application of a holistic health perspective which, in contrast to that of newly enrolled occupational therapy students, resulted in numerous examples of interrelations within, but also between, themes belonging to different paradigm components. According to Törnebohm this is characteristic of paradigms. In study three the results showed several unifying factors within the two paradigm components world view and field of action view, and the dissimilarities were limited to specifications within the unifying factors, with regard to the respondents´ notions. The unifying factors could be described as a potential local ideology for the group. A major finding is that the las-ting core of occupational therapy work consists of three components: concern for uniqueness of patients; concern for details of everyday life; and concern to set free willpower/facilitate autonomous actions. In study four the occupational therapists´ interest in research subjects related to the field of action view components of paradigms and in applied research on strategical matters, dominated throughout the material. The interest in research subjects related to the world view components of paradigms, and in basic research on ontological matters, however, was shown to have increased in the last five-year period. In study five the results showed a strong tendency towards holistic health conceptions and also towards a phenomenological view of the body. If this tendency should be taken to reflect current basic views within the profession, it would indicate a movement away from biomedical frames of reference on the theoretical level. This would seem to imply consequent movements on the practice level away from organ-focused interventions to the benefit of interventions in the person/context dimension of occupational performance.
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