| 1. |
- Björklund, Anita, 1953-, et al.
(author)
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Technical support for family caregivers
- 2010
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this project was to investigate if support received by family care givers in the form of products, technology and web-based services corresponds to their needs when taking care of a person aged over 65 years at home. Questionnaires related to activity limitations, need for support and received support were distributed nationally and answered by 368 family care givers and 332 occupational therapists, who had met family care givers within their services. Furthermore, 58 family care givers were individually interviewed. The results from the questionnaires demonstrated that family care givers experienced activity limitations with the person they take care of to a higher degree than their expressed need for support in the form of products/technology and web-based services. In addition, they stated their need for support as greater than that they had received. Family care givers experienced activity limitations with the person they took care of to a higher degree than occupational therapists within all nine activity areas in WHO’s classification of functioning, disability and health (ICF). Family care givers expressed a need for products/technology to a larger or to the same extent as occupational therapists. Exceptions were mobility and personal care, where occupational therapists perceived the need for products/technology as greater than the family care givers. When it comes to web-based services, data was not sufficient to enable a comparison between family care givers’ and occupational therapists’ perceptions. The results from the interview studies conducted in two counties indicated that information on what could be offered needs to be improved and that family care givers expressed a desire for improved follow-up of the prescriptions given. Their knowledge of web-based services was limited, but they considered them to be good, especially for others than themselves. Additionally, the family care givers thought that the products and technology they had become aware of needed to be developed to be more user-friendly, but felt that those they had received brought them security, safety and independence. In conclusion, it is important to consider the point of view of the family care giver and their perception of activity limitations with the person they take care of in order to provide relevant information and appropriate support in form of products, technology and web-based services for the person they are caring for.
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| 2. |
- Björklund, Anita, 1953-, et al.
(author)
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Teknikstöd för anhörigvårdare : Problem, behov och försörjning av produkter/teknologi och webbaserade tjänster
- 2010
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Syftet med projektet var att ta reda på om erhållet stöd i form av produkter, teknologi och webbaserade tjänster motsvarar de behov som anhörigvårdare har när de vårdar en person över 65 år i hemmet. Enkäter med nationell spridning angående aktivitetsbegränsningar, behov av stöd och erhållet stöd besvarades av 368 anhörigvårdare och 332 arbetsterapeuter, som mött anhörigvårdare inom tjänsten. Dessutom intervjuades 58 anhörigvårdare från två län individuellt. Resultatet av enkätstudierna visar att anhörigvårdare uppfattade aktivitetsbegränsningar hos den person de vårdar i högre grad än vad de ansåg sig ha behov av stöd i form av produkter/teknologi och webbaserade tjänster. De angav dock behov av stöd i större omfattning än vad de uppgav att de erhållit. Anhörigvårdarna uppfattade aktivitetsbegränsningar hos den de vårdar i högre grad än arbetsterapeuterna inom samtliga nio aktivitetsområden i WHO:s klassifikation över funktionstillstånd, funktionshinder och hälsa (ICF). Anhörigvårdarna uppfattade behov av produkter/teknologi i något större utsträckning eller i lika stor utsträckning som arbetsterapeuterna. Undantagen var förflyttning och personlig vård, där arbetsterapeuterna uppfattade behoven av produkter/teknologi som större än anhörigvårdarna. När det gäller webbaserade tjänster var underlaget alltför bristfälligt för att möjliggöra jämförelse mellan anhörigvårdarnas och arbetsterapeuternas uppfattningar. Resultatet av intervjustudierna visar att informationen om utbudet behöver förbättras och att man efterfrågade bättre uppföljning av de förskrivningar som skett. Kunskapen om webbaserade tjänster var begränsad men man tyckte att de verkade bra, framförallt för andra än sig själv. Man ansåg vidare att de produkter och den teknologi som man fått ta del av behöver utvecklas så att de blir mer användarvänliga, men att det man erhållit gav säkerhet, trygghet och självständighet. Sammanfattningsvis kan inte nog betonas vikten av att utgå från anhörigvårdarnas egna uppfattningar om aktuella aktivitetsbegränsningar hos den de vårdar för att kunna ge relevant information och rätt stöd för vårdandet i form av produkter, teknologi och webbaserade tjänster.
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| 3. |
- Björklund, Anita, 1953-, et al.
(author)
-
Teknikstöd för anhörigvårdare
- 2010
-
Conference paper (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Syftet med projektet var att ta reda på om erhållet stöd i form av produkter, teknologi och webbaserade tjänster motsvarar de behov som anhörigvårdare har när de vårdar en person över 65 år i hemmet. Enkäter med nationell spridning angående aktivitetsbegränsningar, behov av stöd och erhållet stöd besvarades av 368 anhörigvårdare och 332 arbetsterapeuter, som mött anhörigvårdare inom tjänsten. Dessutom intervjuades 58 anhörigvårdare från två län individuellt. Resultatet av enkätstudierna visar att anhörigvårdare uppfattade aktivitetsbegränsningar hos den person de vårdar i högre grad än vad de ansåg sig ha behov av stöd i form av produkter/teknologi och webbaserade tjänster. De angav dock behov av stöd i större omfattning än vad de uppgav att de erhållit. Anhörigvårdarna uppfattade aktivitetsbegränsningar hos den de vårdar i högre grad än arbetsterapeuterna inom samtliga nio aktivitetsområden i WHO:s klassifikation över funktionstillstånd, funktionshinder och hälsa (ICF). Anhörigvårdarna uppfattade behov av produkter/teknologi i något större utsträckning eller i lika stor utsträckning som arbetsterapeuterna. Undantagen var förflyttning och personlig vård, där arbetsterapeuterna uppfattade behoven av produkter/teknologi som större än anhörigvårdarna. När det gäller webbaserade tjänster var underlaget alltför bristfälligt för att möjliggöra jämförelse mellan anhörigvårdarnas och arbetsterapeuternas uppfattningar. Resultatet av intervjustudierna visar att informationen om utbudet behöver förbättras och att man efterfrågade bättre uppföljning av de förskrivningar som skett. Kunskapen om webbaserade tjänster var begränsad men man tyckte att de verkade bra, framförallt för andra än sig själv. Man ansåg vidare att de produkter och den teknologi som man fått ta del av behöver utvecklas så att de blir mer användarvänliga, men att det man erhållit gav säkerhet, trygghet och självständighet. Sammanfattningsvis kan inte nog betonas vikten av att utgå från anhörigvårdarnas egna uppfattningar om aktuella aktivitetsbegränsningar hos den de vårdar för att kunna ge relevant information och rätt stöd för vårdandet i form av produkter, teknologi och webbaserade tjänster.
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| 4. |
- Blomdahl, Christina, et al.
(author)
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A realist review of art therapy for clients with depression
- 2013
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In: The arts in psychotherapy. - : Elsevier. - 0197-4556 .- 1873-5878. ; 40:3, s. 322-330
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Depression is a serious disease affecting an individual's entire life-situation, which can lead to great suffering and a reduced level of activity in everyday life. The aim of this study is to explore and describe how art therapy works regarding therapeutic factors, application, and circumstances for clients with depression. A systematic literature search of relevant databases was carried out to find articles concerning art therapy for depression, meeting criteria for reproducibility. This yielded 16 articles published in seven journals. The art therapy methods employed in each selected study were then examined and compared in order to understand the healing mechanism or mechanisms. These healing mechanisms are here termed “therapeutic factors”. The analysis resulted in eight therapeutic factors; self-exploration, self-expression, communication, understanding and explanation, integration, symbolic thinking, creativity, and sensory stimulation. No general conclusions could be drawn regarding circumstances, but the results indicate that art therapy can be performed successfully in a wide variety of clinical situations. The results were discussed in relation to International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) core sets for depression.
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| 5. |
- Boström, Martina, et al.
(author)
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Older persons have ambivalent feelings about the use of monitoring technologies
- 2013
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In: Information Technology and Disabilities. - 1073-5127. ; 25:2, s. 117-125
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: As they age, older persons prefer to continue to live in their own homes. Sensors in the environment and/or bodily worn systems that monitor people might contribute to an increased sense of safety and security at home, but also raise concerns about the loss of privacy by surveillance. Little is known about how older persons, living at home independently and stating good health, perceive monitoring technology in terms of personal privacy.OBJECTIVE: to identify and describe how older persons, perceive monitoring technology in terms of personal privacy.METHOD: A qualitative study based on five focus group interviews was used. Concepts of "freedom" and "surveillance" were used as content areas in the data analysis.RESULTS: The results comprised three categories of ambivalence; "independence vs. security", "privacy vs. intrusion", and "in the best interest of me vs. in the best interest of others". These three categories merged into the overarching theme "maintaining a sense of self" which illustrates a desire to maintain control of one's life as long as possible.CONCLUSIONS: Older persons generally have positive feelings and attitudes toward technology and strive to maintaining a sense of self as long as possible, by having control. They stated high value to privacy, but valued being watched over if it ensured security. To feel good and bad about monitoring technologies, rather than good or does not necessarily lead to feelings of conflict.
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| 6. |
- Boström, Martina, 1974-, et al.
(author)
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Personal emergency response system (PERS) alarms may induce insecurity feelings
- 2011
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In: Gerontechnology. - Eindhoven, Netherlands : International Society for gerontechnology. - 1569-1101 .- 1569-111X. ; 10:3, s. 140-145
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- (PERS) alarms have been used in Sweden since 1974 to enable older people to age safely at home. Despite this long use, we found no studies describing independent older users’ opinions of these devices.Aim Our aim was to describe how people living in Swedish independent senior housing perceive the alarms and to highlight their wishes for further developments and innovations.Methods We conducted five focus group interviews with residents of senior housing who used or had used a PERS alarm and analysed the data qualitatively for latent content.Results The data analysis revealed five themes in participants’ opinions and feelings about the PERS alarms: (i) safety, (ii) anxiety, (iii) satisfaction, (iv) being informed, and (v) older persons as active innovators.Conclusion The 40-year-old Swedish PERS used in senior housing seems to limit rather than liberate users in their daily lives and cause feelings of insecurity rather than security. Older Swedish people require a more personalized alarm with a built-in positioning system that would allow them a greater range of movement beyond their homes.
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| 7. |
- Boström, Martin, et al.
(author)
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Promoting sense of security in old-age care
- 2013
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In: Health. - 1949-4998 .- 1949-5005. ; 5:6A2, s. 56-63
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose: The concept of security is related to the experience of health but has ever so often been argued from a risk perspective rather than from a promotional perspective. The experience of older persons’ sense of security in private homes and in nursing homes seems to be missing when it comes to promote aging well throughout the life span. This study aimed to describe and analyze factors related to the sense of security of older persons receiving care in nursing homes in Sweden. Design and Methods: The study was based on a questionnaire from a total of 495 persons aged ≥ 65 in private homes (n = 350) or nursing homes (n = 145) in Sweden. Results: Secure relationships, sense of control, and perceived health were significantly related to the subjects’ sense of security. No significant relationships were found between sense of security and having a personal emergency response alarm. Implications: Experience of sense of security from the older person perspective differs depending on the context. To promote the sense of security within the care of older persons, methods on how to establish secure relations as well as the sense of control and knowledge need to be further tested, developed and analyzed together with older persons.
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| 8. |
- Bångsbo, Angela, et al.
(author)
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Professional Views on Patient Education in Osteoporosis
- 2010
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In: Archives of Osteoporosis. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1862-3514 .- 1862-3522. ; 5:1-2, s. 101-110
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate patient education in osteoporosis, with a consensus-building Delphi survey. The results showed that the purposes of osteoporosis schools are to reduce the risk of falling, facilitate empowerment, increase levels of function and activity and teach participants to master or reduce pain.IntroductionAccording to the World Health Organization, osteoporosis is a major health problem. The morbidity is caused by fractures associated with pain and decreased physical function, social function and well-being. The aim of this study was to investigate and reach consensus about how so-called osteoporosis schools are run by professionals in Sweden with a focus on intervention and evaluation.MethodThe study design was a consensus-building, three-round Delphi survey. Questionnaires were sent by web and post to an expert panel comprising 15 nurses, occupational therapists and physiotherapists. In round 1, they were asked to write descriptions within the frame of eight domains related to intervention and evaluation. In the second and third rounds, the Delphi panel was asked to mark on a Likert scale the importance of 40 statements within these domains.ResultsThe answers showed that the purposes of osteoporosis schools are to reduce the risk of falling, facilitate empowerment, increase levels of function and activity and teach participants to master or reduce pain. The schools comprise theoretical elements as well as practical exercises. Patients with fractures related to osteoporosis are offered participation. There is a lack of a theoretical basis, as well as of evidence, for present treatment models. Evaluation ought to be done systematically, and for this purpose, different questionnaires are used. Experts assert that evaluations show that patients gain increased activity levels, function, knowledge about osteoporosis, empowerment and pain reduction.ConclusionsConsensus was reached in 29 of 40 items.
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| 9. |
- Christensson, Lennart, et al.
(author)
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Attitudes of Different Professionals Toward the Well-being of Older Adults Living at Home
- 2010
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In: Journal of Allied Health. - 0090-7421 .- 1945-404X. ; 39:4, s. 293-300
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objectives: Negative attitudes in society toward working in eldercare constitute a challenge to educators and care providers. The purpose of this study was to explore, describe, and compare the attitudes of different professional groups toward factors that are important for the well-being of older adults. Methods: A randomized sample of 210 respondents that included registered nurses (RNs), registered occupational therapists (OTRs), personal benefit advisors (PBAs), and home help assistants (HHAs) was collected from social service agencies in 10 Swedish municipalities. A scale was developed in a six-step process to measure attitudes toward factors influencing elder wellbeing, and the final 22-item Likert-type scale was called the “Staff Attitudes toward the Well-being of Older Adults” scale. Results: Thirty-three percent of staff responded with positive attitudes , and the remaining were uncertain or negative. The attitudes of RNs, OTRs, and PBAs were significantly more positive than those of HHAs. Discussion: The scale is practical for use in different professional groups with the aim of exploring existing attitudes, identifying areas with a low degree of prevailing positive attitudes and differences between groups, and evaluating whether attitudes change after staff training.
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| 10. |
- Daremo, Åsa, 1961-
(author)
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Participation in occupational therapy in psychiatric care
- 2010
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Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- One of the most important challenges of health and medical care is to strength the role of the patient in the treatment. In psychiatric care the patient must be seen as a resource and should be given the opportunity to participate in his treatment. The overall aim of the thesis was to investigate and describe how patients in psychiatric care perceive participation, and how existing assessments support participation.Study I describes how patients in psychiatric institutional care perceived their opportunities to be active and to participate in their own treatment. The ICF (International Classification of Functioning Disability and Health) inspired the study. By means of a questionnaire, 61 patients reported their opinions of the value of received care, highlighting concepts such as activity and participation. Ten of those patients were then selected for a semi-structured interview. The study showed that patients who were treated according to compulsory care (LPT) were generally more dissatisfied with their opportunities to be active and participate in their own care than patients treated according to the law of health and medical care (HSL). Younger patients in particular were more dissatisfied. Some important factors in the environment were continuity and reception from the staff. Facilitating factors for activity and participation were agreement between patient and staff about the treatment plan, discussions about expectations, and creating conditions for engagement in activities and or responsibility.Study II investigates if there is harmony between the CPRS-S-A (Comprehensive Psychopathological Rating Scale-Self-Assessment), the OCAIRS–S (Occupational Circumstances Interview and Rating Scale) and the OSA (Occupational Self Assessment), and if they can replace each other when the occupational therapist collects information about the patient. Another aim was to investigate how occupational therapist uses the collected information in the treatment plan process. Fourteen patients with depression disorders took part in the study. The study showed that even if the symptoms of the disease were improved at the end of the treatment period the patients still had problems with occupational performance, reduced self-confidence and the structure of their day. Consequently the assessments cannot replace each other. The study emphasized the importance of using both interview and self-assessments when collecting information about the patient, since these methods complement each other in identifying the needs and goals of the treatment. Many problems were related to the patient’s social environment but this was not reflected in the treatment plan; few goals were identified in this area.In conclusion, occupational therapists should use self-assessments and interviews in order to support the patient’s participation in psychiatric care. Furthermore, it is important to use assessments for both occupational performance and medical symptoms when identifying the patient’s needs and goals of treatment since there is a discrepancy between the two areas; symptoms are reduced earlier than perceived problems in occupational performance. Regardless of what kind of law the patient is treated under, all patients have the right to participate in their own treatment. This thesis also shows that the social environment is important in enabling the participation of patients in their psychiatric care.
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