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- Ahlroth, S, et al.
(författare)
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The output of the Swedish education sector
- 1997
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Ingår i: REVIEW OF INCOME AND WEALTH. - : INT ASSOC RES INCOME WEALTH. - 0034-6586. ; :1, s. 89-104
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The output of the Swedish education sector is defined as the addition to lifetime incomes generated by the schooling system. Using cross-sectional information on wages, employment rates, working hours, school-participation and leisure time, all by years o
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| 6. |
- Grander, D, et al.
(författare)
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Factors influencing the response to interferon therapy in chronic hepatitis C. Studies on viral genotype and induction of 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase in the liver and peripheral blood cells
- 1996
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1502-7708 .- 0036-5521. ; 31:6, s. 604-611
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The mechanism behind the antiviral action of interferon (IFN) therapy in chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is not well understood, and, furthermore, few factors have been shown to be good predictors of a favourable response to IFN treatment in chronic HCV infection. METHODS: Freshly explanted liver cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from 80 patients with chronic HCV infection were used to study the capacity of IFN to induce the enzyme 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase (2'5'-AS) in vitro. The HCV genotype was determined in 53 patients. The induction of 2'5'-AS was correlated to the results of IFN-alpha treatment in 36 patients. RESULTS: Normalization of transaminases during IFN treatment was significantly associated with 2'5'-AS levels in liver cells cultured in the absence of IFN. A similar tendency, although not statistically significant, was found for IFN-induced levels of 2'5'-AS in liver cells. No such associations were found when PBMC were analysed. Six patients showed a sustained biochemical response. These six did not deviate significantly from the remaining patients with regard to base-line or IFN-induced levels of 2'5'-AS in liver cells or PBMC. Eradication of HCV RNA during IFN treatment did not correlate with 2'5'-AS levels in liver cells. Comparison of HCV genotype and clinical response showed that patients with genotype 3a had the most favourable outcome. No association was found between liver histology and treatment outcome. CONCLUSION: These data imply that direct effects of IFN on liver cells are of importance for the response to IFN treatment.
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| 8. |
- Poon, D, et al.
(författare)
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Identification and characterization of a TFIID-like multiprotein complex from Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
- 1995
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 92:18, s. 8224-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although the mechanisms of transcriptional regulation by RNA polymerase II are apparently highly conserved from yeast to man, the identification of a yeast TATA-binding protein (TBP)-TBP-associated factor (TAFII) complex comparable to the metazoan TFIID component of the basal transcriptional machinery has remained elusive. Here, we report the isolation of a yeast TBP-TAFII complex which can mediate transcriptional activation by GAL4-VP16 in a highly purified yeast in vitro transcription system. We have cloned and sequenced the genes encoding four of the multiple yeast TAFII proteins comprising the TBP-TAFII multisubunit complex and find that they are similar at the amino acid level to both human and Drosophila TFIID subunits. Using epitope-tagging and immunoprecipitation experiments, we demonstrate that these genes encode bona fide TAF proteins and show that the yeast TBP-TAFII complex is minimally composed of TBP and seven distinct yTAFII proteins ranging in size from M(r) = 150,000 to M(r) = 25,000. In addition, by constructing null alleles of the cloned TAF-encoding genes, we show that normal function of the TAF-encoding genes is essential for yeast cell viability.
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| 9. |
- Bjork, M, et al.
(författare)
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Coralline algae, important coral reef builders threatened by pollution
- 1995
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Ingår i: AMBIO. - : ROYAL SWEDISH ACAD SCIENCES. - 0044-7447. ; 24:7-8, s. 502-505
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The release of inorganic nutrients into the sea by domestic sewage is a major threat to many marine systems. This eutrophication affects coral-reef organisms indirectly by increased growth of microalgae, leading to increased sedimentation, decreased light
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