| 1. |
- Asa, Sylvia, et al.
(författare)
-
2020 vision of digital pathology in action
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Journal of Pathology Informatics. - : Medknow Publications. - 2229-5089 .- 2153-3539. ; 10:27
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Clarke, Emily L., et al.
(författare)
-
Development and Evaluation of a Novel Point-of-Use Quality Assurance Tool for Digital Pathology
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine. - : COLL AMER PATHOLOGISTS. - 0003-9985 .- 1543-2165. ; 143:10, s. 1246-1255
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context.-Flexible working at diverse or remote sites is a major advantage when reporting using digital pathology, but currently there is no method to validate the clinical diagnostic setting within digital microscopy. Objective.-To develop a preliminary Point-of-Use Quality Assurance (POUQA) tool designed specifically to validate the diagnostic setting for digital microscopy. Design.-We based the POUQA tool on the red, green, and blue (RGB) values of hematoxylin-eosin. The tool used 144 hematoxylin-eosin-colored, 5x5-cm patches with a superimposed random letter with subtly lighter RGB values from the background color, with differing levels of difficulty. We performed an initial evaluation across 3 phases within 2 pathology departments: 1 in the United Kingdom and 1 in Sweden. Results.-In total, 53 experiments were conducted across all phases resulting in 7632 test images viewed in all. Results indicated that the display, the users visual system, and the environment each independently impacted performance. Performance was improved with reduction in natural light and through use of medical-grade displays. Conclusions.-The use of a POUQA tool for digital microscopy is essential to afford flexible working while ensuring patient safety. The color-contrast test provides a standardized method of comparing diagnostic settings for digital microscopy. With further planned development, the color-contrast test may be used to create a "Verified Login" for diagnostic setting validation.
|
|
| 4. |
- Frankenberg, Sofia J., et al.
(författare)
-
Bidirectional collaborations in an intervention randomized controlled trial performed in the Swedish early childhood education context
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Journal of Cognition and Development. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1524-8372 .- 1532-7647. ; 20:2, s. 182-202
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Within the field of developmental science, there is a general agreement of the need to work together across academic disciplinary boundaries in order to advance the understandings of how to optimize child development and learning. However, experience also shows that such collaborations may be challenging. This paper reports on the experiences of bidirectional collaboration between researchers in a multidisciplinary research team and between researchers and stakeholders, in the first randomized controlled trial in Swedish preschool. The objective of the trial was to investigate the effects of two pedagogical learning strategies evaluating language, communication, attention, executive functions and early math. The interdisciplinary team includes researchers from early childhood education, linguistics, developmental psychology and cognitive neuro science. Educational researchers and theorists within the field of early childhood education in Sweden have during the last two decades mainly undertaken small-scale qualitative praxis-oriented and participative research. There is a widespread skepticism with regards to some of the core principles in controlled intervention methodologies, including a strong resistance towards individual testing of children. Consequently unanticipated disagreements and conflicts arose within the research team, as RCT methodology requires the measurement of effects pre and post the intervention. The aim of this article is to discuss the conditions for bidirectional collaboration both between researchers and stakeholders and between researchers in the research team. The findings illustrate strategies and negotiations that emerged in order to address ontological and epistemological controversies and disagreements. These include (a) the negotiation of research ethics, (b) making divergences visible and learning from each other, (c) using a multi-epistemological and methodological approach as a complement to the RCT design and (d) the negotiation of research problems that are shared between educators and researchers.
|
|
| 5. |
- Molin, Jesper, 1987, et al.
(författare)
-
Scale Stain: Multi-Resolution Feature Enhancement in Pathology Visualization
- 2016
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Digital whole-slide images of pathological tissue samples have recently become feasible for use within routine diagnostic practice. These gigapixel sized images enable pathologists to perform reviews using computer workstations instead of microscopes. Existing workstations visualize scanned images by providing a zoomable image space that reproduces the capabilities of the microscope. This paper presents a novel visualization approach that enables filtering of the scale-space according to color preference. The visualization method reveals diagnostically important patterns that are otherwise not visible. The paper demonstrates how thisapproach has been implemented into a fully functional prototype that lets the user navigate the visualization parameter space in real time. The prototype was evaluated for two common clinical tasks with eight pathologists in a within-subjects study. The data reveal thattask efficiency increased by 15% using the prototype, with maintained accuracy. By analyzing behavioral strategies, it was possible to conclude that efficiency gain was caused by a reduction of the panning needed to perform systematic search of the images. The prototype system was well received by the pathologists who did not detect any risks that would hinder use in clinical routine.
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Willén, Linda, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
-
Educational level and management and outcomes in non-small cell lung cancer. A nationwide population-based study
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Lung Cancer. - : ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD. - 0169-5002 .- 1872-8332. ; 131, s. 40-46
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: We examined associations between educational level and clinical presentation, patterns of management and mortality in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in Sweden, a country with a National Health Care System. Materials and Methods: We identified 39,671 patients with a NSCLC diagnosis 2002-2016 in Lung Cancer Data Base Sweden (LCBaSe), a population-based research database. In analyses adjusted for comorbidity and other prognostic factors, odds Ratios (OR) and hazard Ratios (HR) were estimated to examine associations between patients' educational level and aspects of management and mortality. Results: Stage at diagnosis and waiting times did not differ between educational groups. In multivariable analysis, the likelihood to undergo PET/CT and assessment in a multidisciplinary team setting were higher in patients with high compared to low education (aOR 1.14; CI 1.05-1.23 and aOR 1.22; CI 1.14-1.32, respectively). In patients with early stage IA-IIB disease, the likelihood to undergo stereotactic radiotherapy was elevated in patients with high education (aOR 1.40; CI 1.03-1.91). Both all-cause (aHR 0.86; CI 0.77-0.92) and cause specific mortality (aHR 0.83; CI 0.74-0.92) was lower in patients with high compared to low education in early stage disease (IA-IIB). In higher stage NSCLC no differences were observed. Patterns were similar in separate assessments stratified by sex and histopathology. Conclusions: While stage at diagnosis and waiting times did not differ between educational groups, we found socioeconomic differences in diagnostic intensity, multidisciplinary team assessment, stereotactic radiotherapy and mortality in patients with NSCLC. These findings may in part reflect social gradients in implementation and use of novel diagnostic and treatment modalities. Our findings underscore the need for improved adherence to national guidelines.
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
- Wingard, Louise, et al.
(författare)
-
Initiation and long-term use of benzodiazepines and Z-drugs in bipolar disorder
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Bipolar Disorders. - : Wiley. - 1398-5647 .- 1399-5618. ; 20:7, s. 634-646
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectivesIncreasing evidence points to the harmful effects of long‐term benzodiazepine treatment. Our objective was to study the incidence of, and predictors for, long‐term use of benzodiazepines and Z‐drugs in bipolar disorder.MethodsWe conducted a population‐based cohort study, using data from Swedish national registers. Swedish residents aged 18‐75 years with a recorded diagnosis of bipolar disorder or mania between July 2006 and December 2012, and no history of benzodiazepine/Z‐drug use in the past year, were included. Patients were followed for 1 year with regard to prescription fills of benzodiazepines/Z‐drugs. Initiators were followed for another year during which continuous use for >6 months was defined as “long‐term”. Patient and prescription characteristics were investigated as potential predictors for long‐term use in multivariate logistic regression models.ResultsOut of the 21 883 patients included, 29% started benzodiazepine/Z‐drug treatment, of whom one in five became long‐term users. Patients who were prescribed clonazepam or alprazolam had high odds for subsequent long‐term use (adjusted odds ratios [aORs] 3.78 [95% confidence interval (CI) 2.24‐6.38] and 2.03 [95% CI 1.30‐3.18], respectively), compared to those prescribed diazepam. Polytherapy with benzodiazepines/Z‐drugs also predicted long‐term use (aOR 2.46, 95% CI 1.79‐3.38), as did age ≥60 years (aOR 1.93, 95% CI 1.46‐2.53, compared to age <30 years), and concomitant treatment with psychostimulants (aOR 1.78, 95% CI 1.33‐2.39).ConclusionsThe incidence of subsequent long‐term use among bipolar benzodiazepine initiators is high. Patients on clonazepam, alprazolam or benzodiazepine/Z‐drug polytherapy have the highest risk of becoming long‐term users, suggesting that these treatments should be used restrictively.
|
|
