| 1. |
- Borgestig, Maria, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Eye gaze performance for children with severe physical impairments using gaze-based assistive technology : a longitudinal study
- 2016
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Ingår i: Assistive technology. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 1040-0435 .- 1949-3614. ; 28:2, s. 93-102
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Gaze-based assistive technology (gaze-based AT) has the potential to provide children affected by severe physical impairments with opportunities for communication and activities. This study aimed to examine changes in eye gaze performance over time (time on task and accuracy) in children with severe physical impairments, without speaking ability, using gaze-based AT. A longitudinal study with an AB design was conducted on ten children (aged 1–15 years) with severe physical impairments, who were beginners to gaze-based AT at baseline. Thereafter, all children used the gaze-based AT in daily activities over the course of the study. Compass computer software was used to measure time on task and accuracy with eye selection of targets on screen, and tests were performed with the children at baseline, after 5 months, 9–11 months, and after 15–20 months. Findings showed that the children improved in time on task after 5 months and became more accurate in selecting targets after 15–20 months. This study indicates that these children with severe physical impairments, who were unable to speak, could improve in eye gaze performance. However, the children needed time to practice on a long-term basis to acquire skills needed to develop fast and accurate eye gaze performance.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Borgestig, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Föräldrars erfarenheter av ögonstyrd dator i vardagen för barn med omfattande rörelsehinder
- 2019
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bakgrund: För barn med omfattande rörelsehinder som saknar tal och som är beroende av assistans i alla vardagsaktiviteter så är ögonstyrd dator ofta enda möjligheten att utföra aktiviteter och kommunicera mer självständigt. Men forskning som fokuserar på föräldrars erfarenheter om användning av hjälpmedlet har saknats. Syftet var att beskriva vad det betyder för föräldrar när deras barn med omfattande rörelsehinder utan tal börjar använda ögonstyrd dator i vardagen.Metod: Intervjuer genomfördes med föräldrar till åtta barn med omfattande rörelsehinder utan tal som använde ögonstyrd dator i vardagen. Intervjuerna analyserades med hermeneutisk ansats.Resultat: För föräldrarna betydde barnens användning av ögonstyrd dator att barnen kunde påverka sin situation vilket gjorde stor skillnad i vardagen. Hjälpmedlet försåg också barnen med möjligheter att visa sin personlighet och kompetens och från föräldrars perspektiv även oändliga möjligheter för barnen att utvecklas. Föräldrarna behövde hantera den skillnad som uppstod mellan barnens förmåga här och nu och alla möjligheter de såg med hjälpmedlet i framtiden. Sammantaget visar studien att barnens användning av ögonstyrd dator väckte ett hopp hos föräldrarna om en bättre framtid för sina barn, där barnen kan utvecklas och få inflytande över sitt liv.Slutsats: Att förstå föräldrars perspektiv på barns användning av ögonstyrd dator i vardagen och vad föräldrar hoppas på är väsentligt för att professionella ska kunna jobba tillsammans med föräldrarna med gemensamt fokus och mål. Det kan också bidra till att professionella blir bättre förberedda på vilket stöd som kan behövas för barnets användning i vardagen.
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| 4. |
- Borgestig, Maria, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Gaze-based assistive technology in daily activities in children with severe physical impairments : an intervention study
- 2017
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Ingår i: Developmental Neurorehabilitation. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1751-8423 .- 1751-8431. ; 20:3, s. 129-141
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To establish the impact of a gaze-based assistive technology (AT) intervention on activity repertoire, autonomous use, and goal attainment in children with severe physical impairments, and to examine parents’ satisfaction with the gaze-based AT and with services related to the gaze-based AT intervention.Methods: Non-experimental multiple case study with before, after, and follow-up design. Ten children with severe physical impairments without speaking ability (aged 1–15 years) participated in gaze-based AT intervention for 9–10 months, during which period the gaze-based AT was implemented in daily activities.Results: Repertoire of computer activities increased for seven children. All children had sustained usage of gaze-based AT in daily activities at follow-up, all had attained goals, and parents’ satisfaction with the AT and with services was high.Discussion: The gaze-based AT intervention was effective in guiding parents and teachers to continue supporting the children to perform activities with the AT after the intervention program.
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| 5. |
- Borgestig, Maria, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Gaze-based assistive technology used in daily life by children with severe physical impairments : parents’ experiences
- 2017
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Ingår i: Developmental Neurorehabilitation. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1751-8423 .- 1751-8431. ; 20:5, s. 301-308
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To describe and explore parents’ experiences when their children with severe physical impairments receive gaze-based assistive technology (gaze-based assistive technology (AT)) for use in daily life.Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted twice, with one year in between, with parents of eight children with cerebral palsy that used gaze-based AT in their daily activities. To understand the parents’ experiences, hermeneutical interpretations were used during data analysis.Results: The findings demonstrate that for parents, children’s gaze-based AT usage meant that children demonstrated agency, provided them with opportunities to show personality and competencies, and gave children possibilities to develop. Overall, children’s gaze-based AT provides hope for a better future for their children with severe physical impairments; a future in which the children can develop and gain influence in life.Conclusion: Gaze-based AT provides children with new opportunities to perform activities and take initiatives to communicate, giving parents hope about the children’s future.
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| 6. |
- Borgestig, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Nya möjligheter i vardagen – ögonstyrd dator för personer med omfattande funktionsnedsättning
- 2019
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bakgrund/SyfteÖgonstyrd dator har potential att ge nya möjligheter för personer med omfattande funktionsnedsättning och kan vara det enda sättet för dessa att på egen hand utföra vardagsaktiviteter. Syftet med symposiet är att delge forskningsresultat och kliniska tillämpningar kring användning av ögonstyrd dator i vardagen.Metod/TillvägagångssättSymposiet består av korta presentationer (10-15 min) av fyra presentatörer: forskare, yrkesverksam arbetsterapeut samt logoped inom området. Användning av ögonstyrd dator kommer rapporteras utifrån; en interventionsstudie med longitudinell design (10 barn, omfattande funktionsnedsättning), två kvalitativa studier (föräldrars och lärares perspektiv), fallstudier med litet barn (9 månader) respektive ungdom med Rett syndrom, nationell enkätundersökning (171 användare, 4-81 år). Utvecklingsprojekt om upplägg i datorn för att erbjuda färdiga lösningar kommer också rapporteras.Resultat/Preliminärt resultatInterventionen visar att ögonstyrd dator är användbart som hjälpmedel för barn i olika åldrar och med olika diagnoser. Utifrån föräldrars och lärares perspektiv kan barnen påverka sin situation genom ögonstyrd dator vilket ger hopp inför framtiden. Fallstudierna kommer rapportera nyttan med ögonstyrd dator som tidig intervention för att gradvis lära sig utföra aktiviteter samt hur aktivt deltagande i vardagen kan påverkas. Enkätundersökningen visar på olika aspekter av användbarheten med ögonstyrd dator för personer med funktionsnedsättning. Färdiga upplägg för kommunikation, fritidsaktiviteter och lärandesituationer kommer också presenteras.Slutsats/Praktisk tillämpningSymposiet ger fördjupade kunskaper och förståelse för hur ögonstyrd dator kan bidra till och används för lek, kommunikation, skol- och arbetsuppgifter av personer med omfattande funktionsnedsättning.Deltagare på symposiet kommer få delge sina erfarenheter och delta i diskussion om hur forskningsresultat kan bidra till förståelse, möjligheter och tillämpning av ögonstyrd dator.
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| 7. |
- Borgestig, Maria, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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The Benefits of Gaze-Based Assistive Technology in Daily Activities for Children with Disabilities
- 2017
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Ingår i: Studies in Health Technology and Informatics. - Amsterdam, Netherlands : IOS Press. - 0926-9630 .- 1879-8365. ; 242, s. 1082-1088, s. 1082-1088
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article reports research findings on how gaze-based assistive technology contributed to performance of daily activities for a group of children with severe physical impairments and without speech.
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| 8. |
- Borgestig, Maria
(författare)
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The impact of gaze-based assistive technology on daily activities in children with severe physical impairments
- 2016
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Aim: The aim of the thesis was to investigate the impact of gaze-based assistive technology on daily activities in children with severe physical impairments and without speech. The objectives were to develop and pilot a gaze-based assistive technology intervention (GAT intervention) at home and in school for these children and to understand its impact on daily activities as experienced by their parents.Methods: Study I was a pilot study in which the basic components that were developed for the intervention were evaluated for students with physical impairments. The study aimed at improving the use of computers as assistive technology (AT) in school. Based on the findings in Study I, the GAT intervention was developed. The GAT intervention aimed at implementing gaze-based AT in daily activities. It consisted of two parts; having access to gaze-based AT and having access to services from a multi professional communication team during nine to ten months. Studies II-IV concerned gazebased AT for children with severe physical impairments without speech who participated in the GAT intervention. The participants were ten children (ages 1-15) (Studies II, III), and their parents (Study IV). Studies II and III had longitudinal designs and children were followed during 15-20 months with repeated measurements before, after and at follow-up. In Study II children’s repertoire of computer activities, extent of use, and goal attainment with gaze-based AT was evaluated, as well as parents’ satisfaction with the AT and with services. In Study III children’s eye gaze performance when using gaze-based AT was examined. In Study IV, parents were interviewed twice with the aim of exploring their experiences of children’s gaze-based AT use in daily life. In Study IV a hermeneutical approach was used.Results: The findings of Study I showed that the basic components of intervention improved the use of computers in school. Study II showed an increased repertoire of computer activities with the gazebased AT, maintained use in daily activities for all at follow up, and that all children attained goals for gaze-based AT use in daily activities. Parents were satisfied with the gaze-based AT, and with the services in the GAT intervention. In study III, nine children improved in eye gaze performance over time when using the gaze-based AT in daily activities. Study IV revealed that children’s gaze-based AT usage in daily activities made a difference to parents since the children demonstrated agency, and showed their personality and competencies by using gaze-based AT, and for the parents this opened up infinite possibilities for the child to do and learn things. Overall, children’s gaze-based AT usage provided parents with hope of a future in which their children could develop and have influence in life.Conclusions: This thesis shows that these children with severe physical impairments and without speech acquired sufficient gaze control skills to use gaze-based AT for daily activities in the home and at school. The gaze-based AT had a positive impact on performing activities, for example, play activities and communication- and interaction-related activities. For the parents, children’s gaze-based AT usage made a difference since it shaped a hope of a better future for their children, where they can develop and gain influence in their future life. Furthermore, the children continued to perform daily activities with gaze-based AT over time. This finding suggests that key persons were provided with sufficient knowledge and skills to support children in maintained use of gaze-based AT after withdrawal of the services provided in the GAT intervention.
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| 9. |
- Hemmingsson, Helena, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
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Eye-Gaze Control Technology as Early Intervention for a Non-Verbal Young Child with High Spinal Cord Injury : A Case Report
- 2018
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Ingår i: Technologies. - : MDPI AG. - 2227-7080. ; 6:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Assistive technology (AT) can be used as early intervention in order to reduce activity limitations in play and communication. This longitudinal case study examines eye-gaze control technology as early intervention for a young child with high spinal cord injury without the ability to make sounds. The young child was followed by repeated measures concerning performance and communication from baseline at 9 months to 26 months, and finalized at 36 months by field observations in the home setting. The results showed eye-gaze performance and frequency of use of eye-gaze control technology increased over time. Goals set at 15 months concerning learning and using the AT; naming objects and interactions with family was successfully completed at 26 months. Communicative functions regarding obtaining objects and social interaction increased from unintentional actions to purposeful choices and interactions. At 36 months, the toddler was partly independent in eye gazing, used all activities provided, and made independent choices. In conclusion, the results show that a 9-month-old child with profound motor disabilities can benefit from eye-gaze control technology in order to gradually perform activities, socially interact with family members, and make choices.
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