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- Asp, Michaela, et al.
(författare)
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Spatial Isoform Profiling within Individual Tissue Sections
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Spatial Transcriptomics has been shown to be a persuasive RNA sequencingtechnology for analyzing cellular heterogeneity within tissue sections. Thetechnology efficiently captures and barcodes 3’ tags of all polyadenylatedtranscripts from a tissue section, and thus provides a powerful platform whenperforming quantitative spatial gene expression studies. However, the currentprotocol does not recover the full-length information of transcripts, andconsequently lack information regarding alternative splice variants. Here, weintroduce a novel protocol for spatial isoform profiling, using SpatialTranscriptomics barcoded arrays.
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| 2. |
- Björn, Annika, et al.
(författare)
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Biogasproduktion inom svensk pappers- och massaporduktion : Syntes av möjligheter och begränsningar samt teknisk utvärdering : Bilaga 2 Etablering/effektivisering av biogasproduktion inom svensk pappers- och massaindustri
- 2016
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Linköpings Universitet har tillsammans med Pöyry och Scandinavian Biogas Fuels drivit projektet ”Etablering/effektivisering av biogasproduktion inom svensk pappers- och massaproduktion”. Potentialen hos det organiska materialet i avloppsvatten från svensk pappers- och massaindustri (PMI) till biogasproduktion skattades vid projektstart till 100 milj. Nm3 metan per år (1 TWh). Denna rapport är en syntes av resultaten från projektet med syfte att ge visa hur de genererade resultaten kan omsättas i teknisk praktik med tillhörande ekonomiska insatser. Syftet är att ge underlag och stöd till PMI-branschen och externa intressenter, som överväger att implementera biogasproduktion inom PMI.Substraten för biogasproduktion som återfinns i pappers- och massaindustrins avloppsvatten och slam kännetecknas av stora volymer med låga COD-halter. Detta kräver rötningstekniker, som tillåter mycket korta uppehållstider jämfört med mer traditionellt utformade biogasanläggningar för att inte tankstorleken ska bli för stor. Två tekniker, som utvecklats inom projektet, klarar detta: EGSB (expanded granular sludge bed) och CSTR (completely stirred tank reactor) med slamåterföring. Dessa tekniker har därför utvärderats för tre olika typbruk, ett CTMP-bruk, ett TMP-bruk och ett sulfatmassabruk. Resultaten från dessa experimentella studier är utgångspunkten för i utvärderingen i föreliggande rapport. För varje processkoncept har en grov kostnadsuppskattning (±20 %) gjorts för den investering som krävs för biogasproduktion.En EGSB på ett TMP-bruk med ett totalavlopp på 1500 m3/h, där hela blekeriavloppet från peroxidblekningen och en del av det övriga avloppet behandlas i en 4000 m3 reaktor förväntas ge 2,5 milj Nm3 metan/år. Investeringskostnaden för anläggningen uppskattas till 75 milj. SEK (±20 %).En EGSB på ett CTMP-bruk med ett totalavlopp på 170 m3/h där hela avloppet behandlas i en 3000 m3 reaktor förväntas ge 1,8 milj Nm3 metan/år. Investeringskostnaden för anläggningen uppskattas till 64 milj. SEK (±20%).En CSTR med slamåterföring som körs på bioslam från ett sulfatmassabruk där ett bioslamflöde på 46 m3/h behandlas i en 4000 m3 reaktor förväntas ge 1,0 milj Nm3 metan/år. I denna design är strategin för den aeroba bioreningen ändrad för att producera ett bioslam optimerat för att ge högsta möjliga biogaspotential. Detta innebär produktion av större mängd slam, som i största mån kan rötas till metan, dvs mängd metan per mängd rötat organiskt material samtidigt som COD-reduktionen i vattenreningen bibehålls. Investeringskostnaden för anläggningen uppskattas till 32 milj. SEK (±20%).Baserat på de COD-kvantiteter som når de luftade dammarna inom PMIs vattenreningssystem förbrukas årligen ca 0,8 TWh el. Införande av biogasproduktion i massaindustrins spillvattenrening skulle reducera mängden COD med mellan 30-50%, vilket får till följd att den årliga elförbrukningen i samband med den aeroba reningen går ner med ca 0,2-0,4 TWh. Detta innebär alltså ett energitillskott av 0,9 – 1,1 TWh givet att hela den tillgängliga biogaspotentialen skulle byggas ut. Till detta kommer eventuella vinster relaterade till slamhanteringen.
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| 6. |
- Borgström, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Fragility fractures in Europe: burden, management and opportunities.
- 2020
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Ingår i: Archives of osteoporosis. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1862-3514 .- 1862-3522. ; 15:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This report provides an overview and a comparison of the burden and management of fragility fractures in the largest five countries of the European Union plus Sweden (EU6). In 2017, new fragility fractures in the EU6 are estimated at 2.7 million with an associated annual cost of €37.5 billion and a loss of 1.0 million quality-adjusted life years.Osteoporosis is characterized by reduced bone mass and strength, which increases the risk of fragility fractures, which in turn, represent the main consequence of the disease. This report provides an overview and a comparison of the burden and management of fragility fractures in the largest five EU countries and Sweden (designated the EU6).A series of metrics describing the burden and management of fragility fractures were defined by a scientific steering committee. A working group performed the data collection and analysis. Data were collected from current literature, available retrospective data and public sources. Different methods were applied (e.g. standard statistics and health economic modelling), where appropriate, to perform the analysis for each metric.Total fragility fractures in the EU6 are estimated to increase from 2.7 million in 2017 to 3.3 million in 2030; a 23% increase. The resulting annual fracture-related costs (€37.5 billion in 2017) are expected to increase by 27%. An estimated 1.0 million quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) were lost in 2017 due to fragility fractures. The current disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) per 1000 individuals age 50years or more were estimated at 21years, which is higher than the estimates for stroke or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The treatment gap (percentage of eligible individuals not receiving treatment with osteoporosis drugs) in the EU6 is estimated to be 73% for women and 63% for men; an increase of 17% since 2010. If all patients who fracture in the EU6 were enrolled into fracture liaison services, at least 19,000 fractures every year might be avoided.Fracture-related burden is expected to increase over the coming decades. Given the substantial treatment gap and proven cost-effectiveness of fracture prevention schemes such as fracture liaison services, urgent action is needed to ensure that all individuals at high risk of fragility fracture are appropriately assessed and treated.
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| 7. |
- Borgström, Fredrik
(författare)
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Health economics of osteoporosis
- 2006
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Health economics is concerned about how the scarce resources should most efficiently be allocated to maximise the health outcomes. Health economic evaluation is a method for assessing costs and benefits of alternative treatment strategies for allocating resources to assist decisions aiming at improving efficiency. Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease characterised by low bone mass and micro architectural deterioration of bone tissue leading to increased bone fragility and thus an increased risk of fractures. Fractures are a burden to society, with respect to mortality, costs as well as quality of life. There are several treatments available for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. The general purpose of this thesis was to develop important aspects of the health economics of osteoporosis. More specifically, the aspects addressed were fracture related costs and quality of life for use in economic evaluation, economic modelling of osteoporosis therapies and health economics as a tool in treatment guidelines and patient selection (intervention thresholds). Data concerning costs and quality of life related to osteoporotic fractures in Sweden was collected in a prospective study that followed hip, vertebral and wrist fracture patients 18 months after fracture. The results for the first year after fracture indicate that hip fracture is associated with the highest costs whereas vertebral fracture leads to the largest loss in quality of life of the three types of fracture. Using computer simulation models the cost-effectiveness was assessed for two drugs: raloxifene and strontium ranelate. The cost-effectiveness of raloxifene compared to no treatment was estimated on Swedish women who were similar in characteristics to the women included in the Multiple Outcomes of Raloxifene study. The study was based on Swedish women who were similar in characteristics to the patients in the Spinal Osteoporosis Therapeutic Intervention study (SOTI) and Treatment Of Peripheral Osteoporosis Study (TROPOS). Compared to no treatment, both drugs were indicated to be cost-effective treatments. Intervention thresholds for osteoporosis can be defined as the ten-year risk of hip fracture at which intervention becomes cost-effective. Based on a Markov cohort model intervention thresholds were estimated for seven countries. The ten-year risk of hip fracture at which treatment becomes cost-effective varied between countries mainly due to differences in the willingness to pay (WTP) for a QALY gained, fracture related costs and intervention costs. Economic evaluation has become an important tool for evaluating the value for money of new medical technologies. However, much of the quality of an economic evaluation relies on the quality of the data used in the analysis. Using a new framework for collecting data on fracture related costs and quality of life this thesis has provided new information on costs and quality of life for fractures in Sweden, which will improve future economic evaluations of osteoporosis therapies. Moreover, this demonstrates that economic evaluation can be a tool for improving the selection of patients in clinical practice who are suitable for treatment, based on a cost-effectiveness criterion.
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| 8. |
- Boxberg, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Photovoltaics with piezoelectric core-shell nanowires
- 2011
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Ingår i: Physics of Semiconductors: 30th International Conference on the Physics of Semiconductors. - : AIP. - 1551-7616 .- 0094-243X. ; 1399, s. 469-470
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report on the discovery of a generic piezoelectric field in strained core-shell compound semiconductor nanowires. We present the lattice-mismatch induced strain in epitaxial core-shell nanowires and show that it gives, very generally, rise to an internal piezoelectric field along the axis of the nanowire. This field results predominantly from atomic displacements in polar bonds and microscopic polarizations along the nanowire axis within both the core and shell materials. The mechanism and internal piezoelectric field is particularly strong in < 111 > orientated zinc blende and [0001] orientated wurtzite crystalline core-shell nanowires. The effect can be employed to generate the potovoltaic effect in core-shell nanowires free of doping and thus offers a new device concept for solar cells and photodetectors.
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