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- Boson, Karin, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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Personality traits and mental health as predictors of alcohol inebriation among young adolescents: gender-specific patterns
- 2018
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Ingår i: European Association for Research on Adolescence. Ghent, Belgium..
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Objective: Our main aim was to explore the links between mental health, personality and alcohol use in early adolescence. For this purpose, a two-dimensional model of mental health was used consisting a problem dimension (emotional and behavioral) and a well-being dimension. We wanted to know which dimension of mental health that were most related to early alcohol drinking and inebriation, the lack of well-being or the presence of emotional and behavioral problems. Further, the study examined if personality factors (such as temperament and character) possibly moderate the effect between mental health and alcohol use. If so, how and to which degree? The association between mental health and personality was mapped to provide a better understanding of the health and personality structure and potential measurement variances across gender. Method: With self-reported data from 777 adolescents, aged 13-15 years, evenly distributed between genders, from the Longitudinal Research on Development In Adolescence (LoRDIA) program, we used the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), Mental Health Continuum Short Form (MHC-SF) and Junior Temperament and Character Inventory (JTCI) to predict alcohol use and inebriation through logistic regression analyses . Separated gender analyses were performed throughout the study to reveal gender specific patterns between mental health variables, personality dimensions and alcohol use in early adolescence. Results: Externalizing problems increased the risk of early alcohol use and inebriation for both genders and internalizing problems decreased the risk among boys. Well-being could not effectively predict alcohol use nor inebriation. Novelty Seeking and Reward Dependence increased the risk of alcohol use and Harm Avoidance decreased the risk of inebriation among girls. Self-Directedness among girls and Cooperativeness among boys decreased the risk of inebriation. Conclusions: The relation between personality factors and mental health differ between girls and boys already in early adolescence and there are gender specific patterns concerning early alcohol use and inebriation among young adolescents. The combination of having externalizing problems, high Novelty Seeking, high Reward Dependence with low Harm Avoidance and low Self-directedness might be a risk profile specifically among girls as well as low internalizing problems, high externalizing problems and low Cooperativeness among boys. Implications: These risk profiles provide professionals with valuable information about gender specific considerations when developing and conducting preventative interventions targeting risk and resilience factors for early alcohol drinking among young adolescents.
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- Boson, Karin, 1984
(författare)
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Psychological perspectives on alcohol use among young adolescents: Mental health and personality
- 2018
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Alcohol use is an important risk factor in psychosocial development through adolescence that has been incompletely examined among the youngest adolescents. The aim of this doctoral thesis is to investigate how mental health and personality traits are related to alcohol use and inebriation in early adolescence. Participants were recruited through the Swedish multidisciplinary Longitudinal Research program on Development In Adolescence (LoRDIA). In Study I, patterns of self-reported internalizing and externalizing problems and well-being in relation to alcohol experiences were investigated among 1383 adolescents aged 12 to 13. Person-oriented analyses were applied to the data with the purpose of finding specific configurations (“types”) that were more frequent than expected by chance. Boys with early alcohol debut reported generally high well-being and no concurrent internalizing or externalizing problems. Girls with both internalizing problems and low well-being, however, were statistically over-represented among those with alcohol experiences. Hence, both gender and mental well-being need to be taken into account when describing and explaining early alcohol initiation among young adolescents. In Study II, the psychometric properties of a Swedish version of the Junior Temperament and Character Inventory (JTCI), a personality measurement for children and adolescents, were investigated, as was congruence between self and caregiver ratings. The study included 1046 girls and boys aged 12 to 14 years and 654 caregivers. Internal consistency and convergent validity were analyzed. Norms for the Swedish self and caregiver version of JTCI were established and the congruence on these reports was investigated. The internal structure of the JTCI was not fully satisfactory; the dimension Persistence did not form a reliable construct in the Swedish self-report version. Revision and expansion of this dimension is therefore suggested. Obtaining the child’s own perspective as well as the caregiver’s is preferable to using just one report to provide a thorough understanding of the child’s personality. The results also support the importance of age- and gender-specific norms on the JTCI. Study III aimed to predict alcohol inebriation and potential gender-specific patterns among 853 adolescents, aged 13 to 15 years by using a biopsychosocial model of personality traits and a two-continua model of mental health (internalizing and externalizing problems plus well-being). Pathways to inebriation were more similar than different for girls and boys and high Novelty Seeking, low Cooperativeness (direct effects) and low Self Directedness (indirect effect via externalizing problems) were significant predictors. Specifically for girls, low Harm Avoidance (direct effect) was a significant predictor. Mental well-being had no effect on inebriation and interestingly internalizing problems had a “protective” effect for boys. Findings from this thesis improve our knowledge of how mental health (both positive and negative aspects) relate to early alcohol use, and how personality traits (i.e., temperament and character) function as important underlying factors in both mental health and alcohol use. Gender-specific considerations are suggested when developing and conducting preventative interventions targeting psychological risks and protective factors against early alcohol use among young adolescents.
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- Boson, Karin, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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The Junior Temperament and Character Inventory (JTCI): Psychometric Properties of Multi-Informant Ratings
- 2018
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Ingår i: Psychological Assessment. - : American Psychological Association (APA). - 1040-3590 .- 1939-134X. ; 30:4, s. 550-555
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- (PsycINFO Database Record © 2017 APA, all rights reserved). The aims of the study were (a) to establish norms for the Swedish child self-report and caregiver rating versions of the Junior and Temperament Character Inventory (JTCI) among young adolescents, (b) to investigate its psychometric properties, and © to investigate congruence between children's self-reports and caregivers' ratings of a child's personality. The sample was a general population of 1,046 children ages 12-14 years and 654 caregivers. The JTCI was found to be reliable on all dimensions except Persistence in the child self-report version. Caregivers rated their own children's personalities as more mature than did the children themselves. Caregivers especially overestimated their daughters' self-reported capabilities for self-acceptance and self-efficacy and might have underestimated their daughters' need for emotional support. This highlights the importance of including the child's self-report on personality in both research and clinical assessments. The results also support the importance of age- and gender-separated norms.
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