| 1. |
- Adewumi, Oluseun, et al.
(författare)
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Characterization of human embryonic stem cell lines by the International Stem Cell Initiative
- 2007
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Ingår i: Nature Biotechnology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1087-0156 .- 1546-1696. ; 25:7, s. 803-816
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The International Stem Cell Initiative characterized 59 human embryonic stem cell lines from 17 laboratories worldwide. Despite diverse genotypes and different techniques used for derivation and maintenance, all lines exhibited similar expression patterns for several markers of human embryonic stem cells. They expressed the glycolipid antigens SSEA3 and SSEA4, the keratan sulfate antigens TRA-1-60, TRA-1-81, GCTM2 and GCT343, and the protein antigens CD9, Thy1 (also known as CD90), tissue- nonspecific alkaline phosphatase and class 1 HLA, as well as the strongly developmentally regulated genes NANOG, POU5F1 (formerly known as OCT4), TDGF1, DNMT3B, GABRB3 and GDF3. Nevertheless, the lines were not identical: differences in expression of several lineage markers were evident, and several imprinted genes showed generally similar allele-specific expression patterns, but some gene-dependent variation was observed. Also, some female lines expressed readily detectable levels of XIST whereas others did not. No significant contamination of the lines with mycoplasma, bacteria or cytopathic viruses was detected.
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| 2. |
- Alsén, Pia, 1956-, et al.
(författare)
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Living with incomprehensible fatigue after recent myocardial infarction.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of advanced nursing. - : Wiley. - 1365-2648 .- 0309-2402. ; 64:5, s. 459-68
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: This paper is a report of a study of what fatigue means to patients with recent myocardial infarction (MI) and how they manage to deal with the consequences of this symptom. BACKGROUND: After MI, fatigue is a frequent and distressing symptom. In nursing practice and in everyday conversations, the term 'tiredness' has a broad meaning that is often used synonymously with fatigue. Fatigue may be defined as a state along an adaptation continuum with tiredness and exhaustion as distinct states at the ends of the continuum. METHOD: In accordance with a constructivist grounded theory method, 19 patients were interviewed four months after having a MI. The informants were chosen from a larger sample of patients admitted to a coronary care unit during the period October 2005 to September 2006. FINDINGS: Living with incomprehensible fatigue was identified as the central theme, which described what fatigue meant to patients 4 months after their MI and how they handled it. The core category was labelled incomprehensible fatigue. Two of the categories refer to consequences: being restricted and feeling defeated and one category describes management: fumbling coping strategies. Finally, one category concerns the outcome: moderate relief of fatigue. CONCLUSION: Nursing interventions could focus on identifying and reducing stressors as well as on increasing patients' ability to cope with stressors. Further research should focus on identifying stressors and useful coping strategies after MI, knowledge that could be used to prevent aggravation of fatigue.
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| 3. |
- Alsén, Pia, 1956-, et al.
(författare)
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Patients' illness perception four months after a myocardial infarction.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Nursing. - : Wiley. - 0962-1067 .- 1365-2702. ; 17:5A, s. 25-33
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to explore patients' illness perception of myocardial infarction four months after a myocardial infarction. BACKGROUND: An important task for research on recovery from myocardial infarction is to understand the factors that influence an individual's adherence to secondary preventive strategies. Perceptual, cognitive and motivational factors have been found to influence adherence to a secondary preventive regimen. METHOD: Twenty-five patients were interviewed four months after a myocardial infarction. In accordance with grounded theory methodology, data collection and analysis were carried out simultaneously. RESULTS: The findings can be understood in light of two core categories: 'trust in oneself ' vs. 'trust in others'; belief in one's own efforts to control the illness; and 'illness reasoning', lines of thought about illness identity. In searching for relationships, six categories describing variation in illness perceptions of a myocardial infarction emerged: (i) 'sign of a chronic condition - feasible to influence'; (ii) 'sign of a chronic condition - uncontrollable'; (iii) 'acute event that can recur - feasible to influence'; (iv) 'acute event that can recur - uncontrollable'; (v) 'unthinkable acute event'; and (vi) 'non-recurring acute event'. CONCLUSION: The more reflective patients perceived the heart attack as a sign of a chronic condition; they also devoted time for reasoning about the possible causes of their illness. This is in contrast to patients who were less reflective and viewed their myocardial infarction as an acute event, which they avoided thinking about. The findings contribute to our understanding of variation in illness perceptions. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: The examination of how individuals perceive myocardial infarction may help health-care professionals individualize secondary preventive strategies, thereby improving adherence to health-care regimens. Nurse-patient discussions could begin with identification of the patient's variations of reflectiveness concerning his/her illness.
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| 4. |
- Ananth, S., et al.
(författare)
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Eleven-dimensional supergravity in light-cone superspace
- 2005
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Ingår i: Journal of High Energy Physics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1029-8479 .- 1126-6708. ; 5:5, s. 56-71
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We show that Supergravity in eleven dimensions can be described in terms of a constrained superfield on the light-cone, without the use of auxiliary fields. We build its action to first order in the gravitational coupling constant \kappa, by "oxidizing" (N=8,d=4) Supergravity. This is simply achieved, as for N=4 Yang-Mills, by extending the transverse derivatives into superspace. The eleven-dimensional SuperPoincare algebra is constructed and a fourth order interaction is conjectured.
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| 5. |
- Brink, Eva, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Coping with myocardial infarction : Evaluation of a coping questionnaire
- 2009
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : Wiley. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 23:4, s. 792-800
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Coping with myocardial infarction: evaluation of a coping questionnaire The negative effects of emotional distress on the recovery following myocardial infarction make it important to study coping strategies in this situation. The present study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties and the validity of a 10 dimensions questionnaire labelled The General Coping Questionnaire (GCQ). The structure of the questionnaire was based on a previous interview study with 26 persons with different diseases. The 10 dimensions are called self-trust, problem-reducing actions, change of values, social trust, minimization, fatalism, resignation, protest, isolation and intrusion. The present study comprised 114 first-time myocardial infarction patients (37 women, 77 men). Five months after myocardial infarction, they answered questions about health-related quality of life, health complaints, sense of coherence and the GCQ. A multi-trait/multi-item analysis showed good item-scale convergent and discriminatory validity when the GCQ was reduced from 47 to 40 items. In conclusion, the results showed that the 40-item GCQ is a well-structured and reliable questionnaire for measuring coping strategies in myocardial infarction patients.
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| 7. |
- Brink, Lars, 1943
(författare)
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A Non-BRST Approach to Gauge Field Theories
- 2005
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Ingår i: Calimaneste 2004.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Gauge field theory is usually used to describe particles with spins higher than 1/2. The gauge invariance represented in terms of the BRST invariance is often crucial for studying the quantum properties of those theories. Yet there is a another very different formulation sometimes called the light-cone gauge approach or the light-front approach used to study quantum properties, where the only symmetries present in the theory are the Poincar\'e symmetry and perhaps some global external symmetries. There are no unphysical degrees of freedom in the fields. The elementary particles are related to the irreducible representations of the Poincar\'e algebra. In this formulation of quantum field theory one can extend these representations to depend also on a coupling constant. The representations then become non-linear and contain the interaction terms which are shown to have strong uniqueness. Extending the algebra to supersymmetry it is shown that two field theories stick out, N=4 Yang-Mills and N=8 Supergravity and their higher dimensional analogues. I also discuss string theory from this starting point.
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