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- Brito, Ema C, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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PPARGC1A sequence variation and cardiovascular risk-factor levels : a study of the main genetic effects and gene x environment interactions in children from the European youth heart study
- 2009
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Ingår i: Diabetologia. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0012-186X .- 1432-0428. ; 52:4, s. 609-613
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: The PPARGC1A gene coactivates multiple nuclear transcription factors involved in cellular energy metabolism and vascular stasis. In the present study, we genotyped 35 tagging polymorphisms to capture all common PPARGC1A nucleotide sequence variations and tested for association with metabolic and cardiovascular traits in 2,101 Danish and Estonian boys and girls from the European Youth Heart Study, a multicentre school-based cross-sectional cohort study. METHODS: Fasting plasma glucose concentrations, anthropometric variables and blood pressure were measured. Habitual physical activity and aerobic fitness were objectively assessed using uniaxial accelerometry and a maximal aerobic exercise stress test on a bicycle ergometer, respectively. RESULTS: In adjusted models, nominally significant associations were observed for BMI (rs10018239, p = 0.039), waist circumference (rs7656250, p = 0.012; rs8192678 [Gly482Ser], p = 0.015; rs3755863, p = 0.02; rs10018239, beta = -0.01 cm per minor allele copy, p = 0.043), systolic blood pressure (rs2970869, p = 0.018) and fasting glucose concentrations (rs11724368, p = 0.045). Stronger associations were observed for aerobic fitness (rs7656250, p = 0.005; rs13117172, p = 0.008) and fasting glucose concentrations (rs7657071, p = 0.002). None remained significant after correcting for the number of statistical comparisons. We proceeded by testing for gene x physical activity interactions for the polymorphisms that showed nominal evidence of association in the main effect models. None of these tests was statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: Variants at PPARGC1A may influence several metabolic traits in this European paediatric cohort. However, variation at PPARGC1A is unlikely to have a major impact on cardiovascular or metabolic health in these children.
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- Le Guen, K., et al.
(författare)
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H2S ultrafast dissociation probed by energy-selected resonant Auger electron–ion coincidence measurements
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Chemical Physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-9606 .- 1089-7690. ; 127:11, s. 114315-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have studied the ultrafast dissociation of the H2S molecule upon S 2p(3/2)-> 6a(1) inner-shell excitation by combining high-resolution resonant Auger spectroscopy and energy-selected Auger electron-ion coincidence measurements. Auger final states have been correlated to the different fragmentation pathways (S+, HS+, and H2S+ ions). As an original result, we evidence a three-step mechanism to describe the resonant production of S+: the Auger recombination in the HS* fragment is followed for the A (3)Pi and c (1)Pi states by the S++H fragmentation mechanism.
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- Peacock, Christopher S, et al.
(författare)
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Comparative genomic analysis of three Leishmania species that cause diverse human disease.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 39:7, s. 839-847
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Leishmania parasites cause a broad spectrum of clinical disease. Here we report the sequencing of the genomes of two species of Leishmania: Leishmania infantum and Leishmania braziliensis. The comparison of these sequences with the published genome of Leishmania major reveals marked conservation of synteny and identifies only 200 genes with a differential distribution between the three species. L. braziliensis, contrary to Leishmania species examined so far, possesses components of a putative RNA-mediated interference pathway, telomere-associated transposable elements and spliced leader–associated SLACS retrotransposons. We show that pseudogene formation and gene loss are the principal forces shaping the different genomes. Genes that are differentially distributed between the species encode proteins implicated in host-pathogen interactions and parasite survival in the macrophage.
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- Shahriari, Mohammad, 1945, et al.
(författare)
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A simple methodology for environmental risk evaluation: a case study related to water resources management
- 2008
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Ingår i: Proceedings of International Symposium on Occupational Safety and Hygiene SHO 2008, 7 and 8th February, Guimarães, Portugal. - 9789729950445 ; , s. 297-302
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- ABSTRACT: One of the most important strategies to achieve a sustainable development is to control the risk of the environmental threats. Conceptual frameworks for risk assessment are needed in water resource management and this study is aimed to introduce a simple methodology by which the risk of wastes as contaminants could be identified and minimised. Using a qualitative risk analysis, since few quantitative data were known, this methodology is applied to assess the hazard identification and risk assessment at St Miguel, Azores (Portugal). The main conclusions were the need for proper management and control of waste discharges and the need of a surveillance programme to keep track on what is released and thereby be able to define and implement minimisation programmes.
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- Öhrwall, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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The electronic structure of free water clusters probed by Auger electron spectroscopy
- 2005
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Ingår i: Journal of Chemical Physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-9606 .- 1089-7690. ; 123, s. 054310-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- (H2O)(N) clusters generated in a supersonic expansion source with N similar to 1000 were core ionized by synchrotron radiation, giving rise to core-level photoelectron and Auger electron spectra (AES), free from charging effects. The AES is interpreted as being intermediate between the molecular and solid water spectra showing broadened bands as well as a significant shoulder at high kinetic energy. Qualitative considerations as well as ab initio calculations explain this shoulder to be due to delocalized final states in which the two valence holes are mostly located at different water molecules. The ab initio calculations show that valence hole configurations with both valence holes at the core-ionized water molecule are admixed to these final states and give rise to their intensity in the AES. Density-functional investigations of model systems for the doubly ionized final states-the water dimer and a 20-molecule water cluster-were performed to analyze the localization of the two valence holes in the electronic ground states. Whereas these holes are preferentially located at the same water molecule in the dimer, they are delocalized in the cluster showing a preference of the holes for surface molecules. The calculated double-ionization potential of the cluster (22.1 eV) is in reasonable agreement with the low-energy limit of the delocalized hole shoulder in the AES.
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