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| 2. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
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- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of High Energy Physics. - 1029-8479 .- 1126-6708. ; :12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 3. |
- Schulze-Osthoff, Klaus, et al.
(författare)
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Apoptosis signaling by death receptors
- 1998
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Ingår i: European Journal of Biochemistry. - : Wiley. - 0014-2956 .- 1432-1033. ; 254:3, s. 439-459
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Death receptors have been recently identified as a subgroup of the TNF-receptor superfamily with a predominant function in induction of apoptosis. The receptors are characterized by an intracellular region, called the death domain, which is required for the transmission of the cytotoxic signal. Currently, five different such death receptors are known including tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-1, CD95 (Fas/APO-1), TNF-receptor-related apoptosis-mediated protein (TRAMP) and TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) receptor-1 and -2. The signaling pathways by which these receptors induce apoptosis are rather similar. Ligand binding induces receptor oligomerization, followed by the recruitment of an adaptor protein to the death domain through homophilic interaction. The adaptor protein then binds a proximal caspase, thereby connecting receptor signaling to the apoptotic effector machinery. In addition, further pathways have been linked to death receptor-mediated apoptosis, such as sphingomyelinases, JNK kinases and oxidative stress. These pro-apoptotic signals are counteracted by several mechanisms which inhibit apoptosis at different levels. This review summarizes the current and rapidly expanding knowledge about the biological functions of death receptors and the mechanisms to trigger or to counteract cell death.
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| 4. |
- Assi, Hanin, et al.
(författare)
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A New Technique for Pelvic and Vaginal Reconstruction in Abdominoperineal Rectal Excision : Combination of Gluteus Maximus Flap and Fasciocutaneous Flap
- 2023
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Ingår i: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Global Open. - 2169-7574. ; 11:10, s. 5317-5317
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Resection of advanced rectal cancer might result in significant tissue loss, including pelvic floor and parts of the vaginal wall. Pelvic floor reconstruction using a musculocutaneous flap offers optimized healing abilities and the possibility of vaginal reconstruction. In Skåne University Hospital, two different flap techniques are used to reconstruct the perineum: the vertical rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flap and the gluteus maximus (GM) flap. A combination of a GM flap and a fasciocutanous flap, referred to locally as a GM special (GMS) flap, is used for posterior vaginal wall reconstruction in women undergoing abdominoperineal resections including parts of or the total posterior vaginal wall. The GMS flap was introduced through a national collaboration in Sweden in 2013. The aim of this article is to offer a detailed description and illustrations of the surgical technique used to construct the GMS flap, focusing on the posterior vaginal wall reconstruction. In our experience, the GMS flap is a resilient and cosmetically appealing choice that is technically easily harvested. The flap has acceptable morbidity and long-term results with adequate neovaginal measurements. Collaborative work is further encouraged.
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| 5. |
- Cardoso, Ricardo, et al.
(författare)
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BLOCOS URBANISM : Capitalism and Modularity in the Making of Contemporary Luanda
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Journal of Urban and Regional Research. - : Wiley. - 0309-1317 .- 1468-2427. ; 47:5, s. 809-832
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article we portray and unpack the fabric of urban expansion in contemporary Luanda. In doing so, we examine interdependencies and complementarities between the organization of oil extraction off the coast of Angola, the emergence of particular modalities of modernist city planning for the expansion of its capital city, and the proliferation of cement blocks in the making of new urban forms throughout its burgeoning peripheries. By showing how urban development has unfolded through the interconnected realization of multiple kinds of systematizing blocks—namely oil blocks, city blocks and cement blocks—we analyse key material components in the production of new markets and urban spaces in the Angolan capital. By tracing forms of capitalism and modularity in the making of contemporary Luanda, we develop the concept of blocos urbanism to draw attention to modes of standardization and the production of legibility in contemporary processes of urbanization. Through this study, we aim to contribute to the conceptual apparatus for deciphering our global urban condition.
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| 6. |
- Cardoso, Rebeca Franco
(författare)
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Beyond Th1 and Treg : intestinal T helper cells in disease and tolerance
- 2022
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The human intestinal tract is not only one of the largest organs by surface area in our bodies but also harbors the greatest number of immune cells. These cells are crucial for maintaining tolerance towards the various food and microbial antigens and mounting protective inflammatory responses towards invading pathogens. Inasmuch, a delicate balance exists between anti- and pro-inflammatory signals which are influenced by several factors and must remain in check to ensure appropriate responses towards innocuous and harmful stimuli. To this end, CD4+ T helper (Th) cells play a crucial role in orchestrating both tolerogenic and proinflammatory responses. This thesis sought to better understand the factors controlling Th cells in the context of different intestinal challenges. In Studies I and II, we investigated how dietary cholesterol sensing can influence Th phenotypes during homeostasis. In Study I, we found that the liver X receptors (LXRs)— which senses oxidized forms of cholesterol—influence the balance of Foxp3+RORgt+ regulatory T cells (RORgt+ Tregs) and Foxp3-RORgt+ Th17 cells in the gut-draining mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs). Differences in the microbiota could explain the changes in Th17 frequencies but not RORgt+ Tregs. Instead, we found that LXR signaling in CD11c+ cells altered the RORgt+ Treg population. In Study II, we found that ingestion of the LXR agonist GW3965 led to changes in the frequencies in the IL-10+ Foxp3+ Treg populations in the small intestine and spleen. Interestingly, while GW3965 led to a decrease in IL-10+ Tregs the small intestine, it decreased their frequency in the spleen. Intriguingly, mice lacking LXR signaling in CD11c+ cells failed to develop oral tolerance. Together, these studies demonstrate the importance of cholesterol sensing during steady state. In Study III, we tracked the activation of naïve Th cells recognizing the commensal CBir1 antigen (CBir1 cells). We found that naïve CBir1 cells could be activated in the MLNs following dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis and that, once activated, they were preferentially skewed towards an effector rather than regulatory T cell phenotype which was plastic over time. Furthermore, while CBir1 cells were not pathogenic on their own, they led to increased disease score in a T cell-driven mouse model of colitis. In Study IV, we analyzed how infection with the strictly enteric helminth Heligmosomoides polygyrus bakeri (H. polygyrus) could influence Th cell populations in the skin. H. polygyrus infection led to an increase in the number of Th cells in the skin. Interestingly, this was not due to translocation of bacteria or general intestinal inflammation. Instead, H. polygyrus infection led to an increase in MLN Th cells expressing the skin-homing receptors CCR4 and CCR10. Taken together, the results in this thesis highlight the importance of cholesterol sensing and intestinal inflammation in controlling the fate of CD4+ Th cells in the gut and beyond.
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| 7. |
- Cardoso, Simone J., et al.
(författare)
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Spatial variation of sediment mineralization supports differential CO2 emissions from a tropical hydroelectric reservoir
- 2013
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Microbiology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-302X. ; 4, s. 101-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Substantial amounts of organic matter (OM) from terrestrial ecosystems are buried as sediments in inland waters. It is still unclear to what extent this OM constitutes a sink of carbon, and how much of it is returned to the atmosphere upon mineralization to carbon dioxide (CO2). The construction of reservoirs affects the carbon cycle by increasing OM sedimentation at the regional scale. In this study we determine the OM mineralization in the sediment of three zones (river, transition, and dam) of a tropical hydroelectric reservoir in Brazil as well as identify the composition of the carbon pool available for mineralization. We measured sediment organic carbon mineralization rates and related them to the composition of the OM, bacterial abundance and pCO2 of the surface water of the reservoir. Terrestrial OM was an important substrate for the mineralization. In the river and transition zones most of the OM was allochthonous (56 and 48%, respectively) while the dam zone had the lowest allochthonous contribution (7%). The highest mineralization rates were found in the transition zone (154.80 ± 33.50 mg C m-2 d-1) and the lowest in the dam (51.60 ± 26.80 mg C m-2 d-1). Moreover, mineralization rates were significantly related to bacterial abundance (r2= 0.50, p < 0.001) and pCO2 in the surface water of the reservoir (r2 = 0.73, p < 0.001). The results indicate that allochthonous OM has different contributions to sediment mineralization in the three zones of the reservoir. Further, the sediment mineralization, mediated by heterotrophic bacteria metabolism, significantly contributes to CO2supersaturation in the water column, resulting in higher pCO2 in the river and transition zones in comparison with the dam zone, affecting greenhouse gas emission estimations from hydroelectric reservoirs.
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| 8. |
- Cardoso, Roberto Speicys, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring Multi-Path Communication in Hybrid Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
- 2010
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Ingår i: International Journal of Ambient Computing and Intelligence (IJACI). - : IGI Global. - 1941-6237 .- 1941-6245. ; 2:4, s. 1-12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ambient computing requires the integration of multiple mobile heterogeneous networks. Multi-path communication in such scenarios can provide reliability and privacy benefits. Even though the properties of multi-path routing have been extensively studied and a number of algorithms proposed, implementation of such techniques can be tricky, particularly when resource-constrained nodes are connected to each other through hybrid networks with different characteristics. In this paper, the authors discuss the challenges involved in implementing multipath communication on a middleware for hybrid mobile ad hoc networks. The authors present the PLASTIC middleware, several compelling applications of multi-path communication and the main issues concerning their implementation as a primitive middleware-provided communication.
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| 9. |
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