| 1. |
- Campillo, Javier, et al.
(författare)
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Flow batteries use potential in heavy vehicles
- 2015
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Ingår i: Electrical Systems for Aircraft, Railway and Ship Propulsion, ESARS. - 9781479974009 ; , s. Article number 7101496-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although batteries have been used in personal vehicles for more than a hundred years, the cost of the technology, limitation in range, absence of sufficient recharging infrastructure and rapid development of internal combustion engines during the mid-twentieth century limited its use to very niche applications. More recently, a global need for reducing CO2 emissions from fossil fuel usage and the great developments in power systems as well as in battery technology offers electric vehicles the possibility to return to the market, not just for personal use but also for a wide variety of transportation applications. In the present paper, a feasibility study for using flow batteries in heavy vehicles, more specifically, construction equipment is presented. The authors used measured energy demand profiles for different operation conditions of a wheel loader and developed a simulation model for a vanadium redox flow battery to test the performance of this vehicle using a flow battery. Additionally, the authors did a short theoretical analysis for the potential for flow batteries in train transportation, focusing on the requirements and limitations of the technology for this application.
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| 2. |
- Campillo, Javier, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
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Open-Source Modelling and Simulation of Microgrids and Active Distribution Networks
- 2015
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Ingår i: Sustainable Places 2015, Conference Proceedings. - : Sigma Orionis. - 9791095345008 ; , s. 91-99
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Distributed generation, and active distribution networks constitute an economic and technically viable alternative for reducing green house gases emissions and increase the use of renewable energy sources in local distribution grids. These active networks allow replacing large generators, usually located far from the consumption loads, thus considerably minimizing distribution losses and increase renewable energy penetration. However, designing and successfully controlling these complex networks, becomes a great engineering challenge; most computational modeling and simulation tools available for these systems are either focused on the individual generation components themselves, or the economic dispatch of multiple generators. Moreover, these tools often rely on closed source commercial software that use manufacturers' data for predefining the parameters of the models' components. This approach does not provide enough flexibility to users, since often is not possible to adjust these parameters. This paper presents object- oriented, component-based, open software components for simulating and optimizing the operation of active distribution networks, including multiple distributed generators and energy using the Modelica open-source modeling language.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Vassileva, Iana, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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From Goals to Action : The Efforts for Increasing Energy Efficiency and Integration of Renewable Sources in Eskilstuna, Sweden
- 2015
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Ingår i: Resources. - : MDPI AG. - 2079-9276. ; 4:3, s. 548-565
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cities’ energy usage accounts for two thirds of global primary energy consumption. Energy efficiency in urban areas is, therefore, one of the most important topics to consider when dealing with urban sustainability. This paper evaluates the goals for increasing energy efficiency and use of renewable energy sources in the areas of transportation, buildings and consumers’ awareness, as stated in the Climate action plan, for the municipality of Eskilstuna, Sweden. The efforts of the municipality to successfully reach their energy efficiency goals, are described in this paper including future perspectives. The results show that although the municipality counts with the advantage of owning and working together with the local housing company and energy provider, in order to reach the established goals, additional strategies need to be considered. For an increased use of renewable energy sources, analysis of rooftops suitable for photovoltaic (PV) installation should be carried out as well as the integration of goals for self-consumption. In the transport field, the city needs to prepare for large-scale electric vehicle (EV) market penetration and to consider different bike or car sharing options. Finally, more specific awareness campaigns are needed to engage the citizens in reducing their energy consumption and living a more sustainable life.
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