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- Cardoso Chrispim, Mariana, Postdoktor, 1990-, et al.
(författare)
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A framework for resource recovery from wastewater treatment plants in megacities of developing countries
- 2020
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Ingår i: Environmental Research. - Maryland Heights : Academic Press. - 0013-9351 .- 1096-0953. ; 188
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In developing countries, there is often a lack of a comprehensive data set that supports the development of coherent policies on resource recovery from wastewater treatment. This paper aims to contribute to the elaboration of resource recovery projects by providing accurate and updated data from wastewater treatment plants such as those located in the region of the Macrometropolis of Sao Paulo. The authors discuss possibilities of improvement of resource recovery for this illustrative example. Comprehensive analyses were performed based on data from 143 municipal wastewater treatment plants to understand the situation regarding resource recovery implementation in this region. The results show that just 26% of the plants perform at least one resource recovery practice. The predominant resource recovery practice is internal water reuse, and recovery is concentrated more in large plants than in medium and small ones. The sludge is disposed in landfills except for three plants, which perform sludge recycling for compost. Some plant managers reported interest in recovering energy from biogas, in expanding water reuse and in recovering sludge for fertilizer production or for building materials. Several aspects that have been regarded as relevant to the implementation of resource recovery processes in previous literature are discussed, such as the size of the plant, related legislation as well as treatment technologies and configurations. Finally, the authors propose a generic framework with several steps that can help to achieve resource recovery implementation. Therefore, the results can provide support for planning of resource recovery projects for large cities in developing countries. © 2020 Elsevier Inc.
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| 2. |
- Cardoso Chrispim, Mariana, Postdoktor, 1990-, et al.
(författare)
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A Framework for Sustainable Planning and Decision-Making on Resource Recovery from Wastewater : Showcase for São Paulo Megacity
- 2020
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Ingår i: Water. - Basel : MDPI. - 2073-4441. ; 12:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Currently, it is important to develop strategic frameworks to support the selection of sustainable resource recovery solutions. This study applies a new framework for planning, implementation, and assessment of resource recovery strategies for a full-scale wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in São Paulo megacity. The framework comprises several steps based on case study-specific data and information from current literature. Data were collected from various sources: a survey with a wastewater treatment utility, national and regional databases, and review of local regulations and international literature. Treatment configuration, wastewater and by-products composition, potential demand (for water, energy, and phosphorus), stakeholder identification, and local legislation were thoroughly discussed regarding decision-making on resource recovery. Scenario analysis was used to explore suitable nutrient and energy recovery measures based on indicators. Biogas recovery and sewage sludge composting showed more favorable conditions due to similar experiences in the area and robust legislation. The proposed framework is a simplified tool, and its application can support managers to get information on resource recovery and how to plan such initiatives in easier ways to facilitate wiser decision-making, and better operation and management. The results on framework use and refinement can guide potential applications in other contexts and stimulate public policy formulation and further research.
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| 3. |
- Frias Martinez, Maria Alejandra, et al.
(författare)
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Surface roughness of titanium disks influences the adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of osteogenic properties derived from human
- 2020
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Ingår i: International Journal of Implant Dentistry. - : Springer. - 2198-4034. ; 6:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose The aim of this study was to investigate the response of osteogenic cell lineage and gingival fibroblastic cells to different surface treatments of grade IV commercially pure Titanium (cpTi) disks. Material and methods Grade IV cpTi disks with different surfaces were produced: machined (M), sandblasting (B), sandblasting and acid subtraction (NP), and hydrophilic treatment (ACQ). Surface microtopography characteristics and chemical composition were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry (EDS). Adhesion and proliferation of SC-EHAD (human surgically-created early healing alveolar defects) and HGF-1 (human gingival fibroblasts) on Ti disks were investigated at 24 and 48 h, and osteogenic differentiation and mineralization were evaluated by assessing alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and alizarin red staining, respectively. Results No significant differences were found among the various surface treatments for all surface roughness parameters, except for skewness of the assessed profile (Rsk) favoring M (p= 0.035 ANOVA). M disks showed a slightly higher (p> 0.05; Kruskal-Wallis/Dunn) adhesion of HGF-1 (89.43 +/- 9.13%) than SC-EHAD cells (57.11 +/- 17.72%). ACQ showed a significantly higher percentage of SC-EHAD (100%) than HGF-1 (69.67 +/- 13.97%) cells adhered at 24 h. SC-EHAD cells expressed increased ALP activity in osteogenic medium at M (213%) and NP (235.04%) surfaces, but higher mineralization activity on ACQ (54.94 +/- 4.80%) at 14 days. Conclusion These findings suggest that surface treatment influences the chemical composition and the adhesion and differentiation of osteogenic cells in vitro.
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| 4. |
- Studnicka, Michael, et al.
(författare)
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COPD : Should Diagnosis Match Physiology?
- 2020
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Ingår i: Chest. - : Elsevier BV. - 0012-3692 .- 1931-3543. ; 157:2, s. 473-475
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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