| 1. |
- Burman, Joachim, et al.
(författare)
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Autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation for aggressive multiple sclerosis : the Swedish experience
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry. - London, United Kingdom : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 0022-3050 .- 1468-330X. ; 85:10, s. 1116-1121
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a viable option for treatment of aggressive multiple sclerosis (MS). No randomised controlled trial has been performed, and thus, experiences from systematic and sustained follow-up of treated patients constitute important information about safety and efficacy. In this observational study, we describe the characteristics and outcome of the Swedish patients treated with HSCT for MS.Methods: Neurologists from the major hospitals in Sweden filled out a follow-up form with prospectively collected data. Fifty-two patients were identified in total; 48 were included in the study and evaluated for safety and side effects; 41 patients had at least 1 year of follow-up and were further analysed for clinical and radiological outcome. In this cohort, 34 patients (83%) had relapsing-remitting MS, and mean follow-up time was 47 months.Results: At 5 years, relapse-free survival was 87%; MRI event-free survival 85%; expanded disability status scale (EDSS) score progression-free survival 77%; and disease-free survival (no relapses, no new MRI lesions and no EDSS progression) 68%. Presence of gadolinium-enhancing lesions prior to HSCT was associated with a favourable outcome (disease-free survival 79% vs 46%, p=0.028). There was no mortality. The most common long-term side effects were herpes zoster reactivation (15%) and thyroid disease (8.4%).Conclusions: HSCT is a very effective treatment of inflammatory active MS and can be performed with a high degree of safety at experienced centres.
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| 2. |
- Celen, Yelda Turgut, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of Gender on Incident Diabetes Mellitus in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A 16-Year Follow-Up
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of clinical sleep medicine. - 1550-9389. ; 6:3, s. 244-250
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- STUDY OBJECTIVE: To address the influence of gender and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) on development of diabetes mellitus (DM) in a sleep clinic cohort. DESIGN: A longitudinal observational study. PARTICIPANTS: A consecutive middle-aged (30-69 years) sleep clinic cohort from 1991 (n=318; 254 men, 64 women) with eligible baseline characteristics, clinical charts, and information from the Swedish Hospital Discharge Registry were identified. Ten individuals with DM at baseline and 47 patients who died during the follow-up period were excluded. MEASUREMENTS: The remaining 261 subjects were asked to complete a postal questionnaire regarding concomitant diseases including DM, diagnosed by a physician. RESULTS: In total, 168 patients (64.4%) replied. The incidence of DM was 24.9% in patients with OSA (overnight oxygen desaturations > or =30 in 1991) compared with 10.8% in subjects without OSA (p = 0.020). New-onset DM in men was 19.1% in OSA vs. 11.1% in non-OSA (n.s.), while the corresponding values in women were 50.0% in OSA and 9.5% in non-OSA (p = 0.022). In a multivariate analysis, DM was predicted by OSA in women with an odds ratio (OR) of 11.8, but not by age, body mass index (BMI) at baseline, or weight change at followup. In men, only BMI (OR 1.16) predicted DM. CONCLUSION: The contribution of OSA to DM development seems to be gender-dependent and higher in women than in men.
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| 3. |
- Ackermann, M., et al.
(författare)
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Fermi LAT observations of cosmic-ray electrons from 7 GeV to 1 TeV
- 2010
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Ingår i: PHYSICAL REVIEW D. - 1550-7998. ; 82:9, s. 092004-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present the results of our analysis of cosmic-ray electrons using about 8 x 10(6) electron candidates detected in the first 12 months on-orbit by the Fermi Large Area Telescope. This work extends our previously published cosmic-ray electron spectrum down to 7 GeV, giving a spectral range of approximately 2.5 decades up to 1 TeV. We describe in detail the analysis and its validation using beam-test and on-orbit data. In addition, we describe the spectrum measured via a subset of events selected for the best energy resolution as a cross-check on the measurement using the full event sample. Our electron spectrum can be described with a power law proportional to E-3.08+/-0.05 with no prominent spectral features within systematic uncertainties. Within the limits of our uncertainties, we can accommodate a slight spectral hardening at around 100 GeV and a slight softening above 500 GeV.
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| 4. |
- Antoni, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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In Vivo Visualization of Amyloid Deposits in the Heart with C-11-PIB and PET
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Nuclear Medicine. - : Society of Nuclear Medicine. - 0161-5505 .- 1535-5667 .- 2159-662X. ; 54:2, s. 213-220
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cardiac amyloidosis is a differential diagnosis in heart failure and is associated with high mortality. There is currently no noninvasive imaging test available for specific diagnosis. N-[methyl-C-11]2-(4'-methylamino-phenyl)-6-hydroxybenzothiazole (C-11-PIB) PET is used in the evaluation of brain amyloidosis. We evaluated the potential use of C-11-PIB PET in systemic amyloidosis affecting the heart. Methods: Patients (n = 10) diagnosed with systemic amyloidosis-including heart involvement of either monoclonal immunoglobulin light-chain (AL) or transthyretin (ATTR) type- and healthy volunteers (n = 5) were investigated with PET/CT using C-11-PIB to study cardiac amyloid deposits and with C-11-acetate to measure myocardial blood flow to study the impact of global and regional perfusion on PIB retention. Results: Myocardial C-11-PIB uptake was visually evident in all patients 15-25 min after injection and was not seen in any volunteer. A significant difference in C-11-PIB retention in the heart between patients and healthy controls was found. The data indicate that myocardial amyloid deposits in patients diagnosed with systemic amyloidosis could be visualized with C-11-PIB. No correlation between C-11-PIB retention index and myocardial blood flow as measured with C-11-acetate was found on the global level, whereas a positive correlation on the segmental level was seen in a single patient. Conclusion: C-11-PIB and PET could be a method to study systemic amyloidosis of type AL and ATTR affecting the heart and should be investigated further both as a diagnostic tool and as a noninvasive method for treatment follow-up.
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| 5. |
- Björkbacka, Harry, et al.
(författare)
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Weak associations between human leucocyte antigen genotype and acute myocardial infarction
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Internal Medicine. - : Blackwell Publishing Ltd. - 0954-6820 .- 1365-2796. ; 268:1, s. 50-58
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: Human leucocyte antigens (HLAs) are polymorphic molecules involved in antigen presentation. Associations between HLA type and autoimmune diseases, such as type 1 diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis, are well established but the potential association of genetic variation affecting antigen presentation with cardiovascular disease has not been systematically investigated in large cohorts. The importance of such studies is stressed by recent experimental findings of an involvement of autoimmunity in the atherosclerotic disease process. Results: An SSP-PCR method was used for HLA genotyping to determine associations of HLA-DRB1, -DQA1 and -DQB1 with cardiovascular disease in a population-based cohort of 1188 acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients and 1191 matched healthy controls. The HLA-DRB1*0101 allele, as well as the HLA-DRB1*0101-DQA1*01-DQB1*05 haplotype, was found to be associated with increased risk for AMI (OR 1.24; 95% CI 1.00–1.54 for both). In contrast, the DRB1*07 and DQA*02 alleles (OR 0.78; 95% CI 0.65–0.95 for both), as well as the DRB1*07-DQA*02-DQB*02 haplotype, conferred protection (OR 0.79; 95% CI 0.63–0.98). An HLA risk score taking each individual’s both haplotypes into account was higher amongst cases (2.43 ± 0.92 vs. 2.29 ± 0.95, P = 0.001). The association between HLA risk score and AMI was independent of other cardiovascular riskfactors assessed. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that the associations between HLA-DRB1 and DQA1 loci and cardiovascular disease exists but that they are considerably weaker than those previously reported for other diseases with an established autoimmune aetiology such as type 1 diabetes, systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis.
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| 6. |
- Borde, Etienne, et al.
(författare)
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Automatic Synthesis and Adaption of Gray-box Components for Embedded Systems - Reuse vs. Optimization
- 2011
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Ingår i: Proceedings - International Computer Software and Applications Conference. - 9780769544595 ; , s. 224-229
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Component-based development of embedded systems has been suggested as a means to increase development efficiency by, for example, facilitating reuse. However, the specifics of the embedded systems domain also raise some particular difficulties when applying this approach. For example, when glue code is automatically produced from an architectural specification, a systematic approach where fully reusable code is generated for all entities in the system, can lead to unaffordable overhead in embedded systems with severe resource limitations and temporal constraints. If, on the other hand, highly optimized code is produced by taking advantage of the specific context in which each component is used, then the generated code is not reusable in other contexts, and the potential benefits of component-based development are not fully exploited. In this paper, we present a component-based framework that permits a more detailed trade-off between optimization and reusability, by automating the integration of components for which the software designer can specify the desired reuse potential. Depending on this specification, the integration code is either reused and adapted, or completely optimized.
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| 7. |
- Borde, Etienne, et al.
(författare)
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PRIDE - an Environment for Component-based Development of Distributed Real-time Embedded Systems
- 2011
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Ingår i: 9th Working IEEE/IFIP Conference on Software Architecture. - Los Alamitos : IEEE Computer Society. - 9780769543512 ; , s. 351-354
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Settling down the software architecture for embedded system is a complex and time consuming task. Specific concerns that are generally issued from implementation details must be captured in the software architecture and assessed to ensure system correctness. The matter is further complicated by the inherent complexity and heterogeneity of the targeted systems, platforms and concerns. In addition, tools capable of conjointly catering for the complete design-verificationdeployment cycle, extra-functional properties and reuse are currently lacking. To address this, we have developed Pride, an integrated development environment for component-based development of embedded systems. Pride is based on an architecture relying on components with well-defined semantics that serve as the central development entity, and as means to support and aggregate various analysis and verification techniques throughout the development - from early specification to synthesis and deployment. Pride also provides generic support for integrating extra-functional properties into architectural definitions.
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| 8. |
- Borde, E., et al.
(författare)
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Towards verified synthesis of ProCom, a component model for real-time embedded systems
- 2011
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Ingår i: CompArch - Proceedings of the 2011 Federated Events on Component-Based Software Engineering and Software Architecture - CBSE'11. - New York, NY, USA : ACM. - 9781450307239 ; , s. 129-138
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- To take advantage of component-based software engineering, software designers need a component framework that automates the assemblage and integration of developed components. It is then of prime importance to ensure that the synthesized code respects the definition of the component model's semantics. This is all the more difficult in the domain of embedded systems since the considered semantics usually aims at characterizing both functional properties (e.g. data and control dependencies) and non-functional properties such as timing and memory consumption. The component model considered in this paper, called ProCom, relies on an asynchronous operational semantics and a formal hypothesis of atomic and instantaneous interactions between components. The asynchronous approach targets higher exibility in the deployment and analysis process, while the formal hypothesis helps in reducing the combinatory problems of formal verification. In this paper, we present a code generation strategy to synthesize ProCom components, and a formalization of this generated code. This formalization extends the verification possibilities of ProCom architectures, and constitutes a step toward the verification that the produced code respects the operational semantics of ProCom. © 2011 ACM.
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| 9. |
- Campeanu, Gabriel, et al.
(författare)
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Component Allocation Optimization for Heterogeneous CPU-GPU Embedded Systems
- 2014
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Ingår i: The 40th Euromicro Conference on Software Engineering and Advanced Applications SEAA 2014, Verona, 27-29 Aug. 2014. - 9781479957941 ; , s. 229-236
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a quest to improve system performance, embedded systems are today increasingly relying on heterogeneous platforms that combine different types of processing units such as CPUs, GPUs and FPGAs. However, having better hardware capability alone does not guarantee higher performance; how functionality is allocated onto the appropriate processing units strongly impacts the system performance as well. Yet, with this increase in hardware complexity, finding suitable allocation schemes is becoming a challenge as many new constraints and requirements must now be taken into consideration. In this paper, we present a formal model for allocation optimization of embedded systems which contains a mix of CPU and GPU processing nodes. The allocation takes into consideration the software and hardware architectures, the system requirements and criteria upon which the allocation should be optimized. In its current version, optimized allocation schemes are generated through an integer programming technique to balance the system resource utilization and to optimize the system performance using the GPU resources.
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| 10. |
- Carlson, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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A resource-efficient event algebra
- 2010
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Ingår i: Science of Computer Programming. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-6423 .- 1872-7964. ; 75:12, s. 1215-1234
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Events play many roles in computer systems, ranging from hardware interrupts, over event-based software architecture, to monitoring and managing of complex systems. In many applications, however, individual event occurrences are not the main point of concern, but rather the occurrences of certain event patterns. Such event patterns can be defined by means of an event algebra, i.e., expressions representing the patterns of interest are built from simple events and operators such as disjunction, sequence, etc. We propose a novel event algebra with intuitive operators (a claim which is supported by a number of algebraic properties). We also present an efficient detection algorithm that correctly detects any expression with bounded memory, which makes this algebra particularly suitable for resource-constrained applications such as embedded systems.
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