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- Carlsson, Anna K, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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High-resolution photoemission from a tunable quantum well: Cu(111)/Na
- 1997
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Ingår i: Physical Review B - Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. - 2469-9950 .- 2469-9969. ; 56:3, s. 1593 - 1600
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High-resolution photoemission (ΔE=5 meV) at a low photon energy (3.82 eV) is used to probe discrete quantum-well-type subband states near, below, and above EF for Cu(111) covered with 2 ML or less of Na. A subband characteristic of the monolayer range shifts gradually to lower energy as the coverage is increased, extending below the Fermi level for coverages above 0.85 ML. Combined with previous observations of shifts for filled and empty states the present results show that the Na monolayer has continuously tunable quantum-well state energies. Beyond the monolayer range quantum-well states characteristic of both one and two atomic layers are observed, indicating growth of the second layer via monolayer high islands. A small downshift, by 25 meV, with increasing coverage in the second layer is ascribed to an increase of the island size. Lorentzian photoemission line shapes are observed for well-ordered samples. The linewidth varies linearly with temprature in the probed range (130–295 K) and this is ascribed to the phonon contribution to the width. Structural disorder leads to an asymmetric line, which is Lorentzian on the steeper, low-kinetic-energy side.
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| 3. |
- Hahn-Zoric, M, et al.
(författare)
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Variable increases of IgG and IgM antibodies in milk of IgA deficient women.
- 1997
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Ingår i: Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology. - 0905-6157. ; 8:3, s. 127-33
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Serum, milk and saliva from seven IgA deficient mothers were studied for the presence of IgA, IgG and IgM antibodies to Escherichia coli and poliovirus antigens. Different variable patterns were obtained. One mother had very much increased IgM and IgG antibodies in milk and saliva against both antigens; the milk IgG antibodies were 11-14 times higher than the reference milk pool. Another mother showed also striking increases of both IgM and IgG antibodies in milk, as well as in saliva where the increases were much higher for the poliovirus than the E. coli antibodies. Yet another mother showed a certain increase of IgM but not of IgG antibodies in the milk. The uneven appearance of IgG and IgM antibodies in serum and secretions suggests local production. So do the differences of antibody avidities, the variations in IgG subclass distribution of antibodies and different patterns after isoelectric focusing (IEF)/immunoblotting analysis of antibody spectrotypes in secretions and serum. The study illustrates the variable patterns of compensatory increases of IgG and IgM antibodies which may occur in IgA deficiency. It also shows that the milk from IgA deficient mothers can still be rich in antibodies, in spite of the lack of secretory IgA.
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